scholarly journals Epidemiological and Molecular Characterization of an Invasive Group A Streptococcusemm32.2 Outbreak

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1837-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Cornick ◽  
Anmol M. Kiran ◽  
Roberto Vivancos ◽  
Jon Van Aartsen ◽  
Jenny Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Disadvantaged Population ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACTAnemm32.2 invasive group A streptococcus (iGAS) outbreak occurred in Liverpool from January 2010 to September 2012. This genotype had not previously been identified in Liverpool, but was responsible for 32% (14/44) of all iGAS cases reported during this time period. We performed a case-case comparison ofemm32.2 iGAS cases with non-emm32.2 control iGAS cases identified in the Liverpool population over the same time period to assess patient risk factors foremm32.2 iGAS infection. Theemm32.2 iGAS cases were confined to the adult population. We show that homelessness, intravenous drug use, and alcohol abuse predisposed patients toemm32.2 iGAS disease; however, no obvious epidemiological linkage between the patients withemm32.2 iGAS could be identified. Comparative whole-genome sequencing analysis ofemm32.2 iGAS and non-emm32.2 control isolates was also performed to identify pathogen factors which might have driven the outbreak. We identified 19 genes, five of which had previously been implicated in virulence, which were present in all of theemm32.2 iGAS isolates but not present in any of the non-emm32.2 control isolates. We report that a novelemm32.2 genotype emerged in Liverpool in 2010 and identified a specific subset of genes, which could have allowed this novelemm32.2 genotype to persist in a disadvantaged population in the region over a 3-year period.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of Invasive Isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes with Reduced Susceptibility to Fluoroquinolones

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 2130-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Powis ◽  
Allison McGeer ◽  
Carla Duncan ◽  
Ryan Goren ◽  
Joyce C. S. de Azavedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT Fluoroquinolone susceptibility testing was performed on invasive group A streptococcus isolates from 1992-1993 and 2003 from Ontario, Canada. None were nonsusceptible to levofloxacin. Two of 153 (1.3%) from 1992-1993 and 7 of 160 (4.4%) from 2003 had a levofloxacin MIC of 2 μg/ml; all nine had parC mutations, and eight were serotype M6.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Bicistronic speB and prsA Gene Expression in the Group A Streptococcus

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (21) ◽  
pp. 7626-7634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsheng Ma ◽  
Amy E. Bryant ◽  
Dan B. Salmi ◽  
Susan M. Hayes-Schroer ◽  
Eric McIndoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Prolyl Isomerase ◽  
Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerase ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Group A ◽  
Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin B

ABSTRACT Severe, invasive group A streptococcal infections have reemerged worldwide, and extracellular toxins, including streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB), have been implicated in pathogenesis. The genetic regulation of SpeB is not fully understood, and the mechanisms involved in the processing of the protoxin to its enzymatically active form have not been definitively established. The present work demonstrated that the genes encoding SpeB (speB) and a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (prsA) constitute an operon with transcription initiated from two promoters upstream of speB. Further, the speB-prsA operon was transcribed as a bicistronic mRNA. This finding is in contrast to the generally accepted notion that speB is transcribed only as a monocistronic gene. In addition, prsA has its own promoter, and transcription from this promoter starts in early log phase, prior to the transcription of speB. Genomic disruption of prsA decreased the production of enzymatically active SpeB but not the level of the pro-SpeB zymogen. Taken together, these results demonstrate that prsA is required for production of fully mature, enzymatically active SpeB.

scholarly journals Erratum for Cornick et al., “Epidemiological and Molecular Characterization of an Invasive Group A Streptococcus emm32.2 Outbreak”

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Cornick ◽  
Anmol M. Kiran ◽  
Roberto Vivancos ◽  
Jon Van Aartsen ◽  
Jenny Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

Bilateral periorbital necrotising fasciitis associated with invasive group: a Streptococcus infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e236800
Author(s):  
Grace Anne McCabe ◽  
Thomas Hardy ◽  
Thomas Gordon Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Necrotising Fasciitis ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tissue Microscopy ◽  
Periorbital Swelling ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teamwork

A previously independent 56-year-old immunocompetent woman presented with septic shock in the setting of periorbital swelling and diffuse infiltrates on chest imaging. Blood cultures were positive for growth of group A Streptococcus (GAS). Broad spectrum antimicrobials were initiated with the inclusion of the antitoxin agent clindamycin. Necrosis of periorbital tissue was noted and surgical consultation was obtained. Débridement of both eyelids with skin grafting was performed. GAS was isolated from wound cultures and also observed on periorbital tissue microscopy. The final diagnosis was bilateral periorbital necrotising fasciitis (PONF) associated with invasive GAS infection. The patient had a prolonged intensive care unit course with input from multiple specialist teams. This case demonstrates the importance of early recognition and treatment of PONF, the profound systemic morbidity caused by these infections, and illustrates successful multidisciplinary teamwork.

scholarly journals Sequential Quadriplex Real-Time PCR for Identifying 20 Common emm Types of Group A Streptococcus

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. e01764-20
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Velusamy ◽  
Katherine Jordak ◽  
Madeline Kupor ◽  
Sopio Chochua ◽  
Lesley McGee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Outbreak Investigations ◽  
Group A ◽  
Culture Negative

ABSTRACTWe developed a sequential quadriplex real-time PCR-based method for rapid identification of 20 emm types commonly found in invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) strains recovered through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Active Bacterial Core surveillance. Each emm real-time PCR assay showed high specificity and accurately identified the respective target emm type, including emm subtypes in the United States. Furthermore, this method is useful for rapid typing of GAS isolates and culture-negative specimens during outbreak investigations.

scholarly journals The prevalence of MS in the United States

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. e1029-e1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell T. Wallin ◽  
William J. Culpepper ◽  
Jonathan D. Campbell ◽  
Lorene M. Nelson ◽  
Annette Langer-Gould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
The North ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Us ◽  
Group A ◽  
Us Census

ObjectiveTo generate a national multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence estimate for the United States by applying a validated algorithm to multiple administrative health claims (AHC) datasets.MethodsA validated algorithm was applied to private, military, and public AHC datasets to identify adult cases of MS between 2008 and 2010. In each dataset, we determined the 3-year cumulative prevalence overall and stratified by age, sex, and census region. We applied insurance-specific and stratum-specific estimates to the 2010 US Census data and pooled the findings to calculate the 2010 prevalence of MS in the United States cumulated over 3 years. We also estimated the 2010 prevalence cumulated over 10 years using 2 models and extrapolated our estimate to 2017.ResultsThe estimated 2010 prevalence of MS in the US adult population cumulated over 10 years was 309.2 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 308.1–310.1), representing 727,344 cases. During the same time period, the MS prevalence was 450.1 per 100,000 (95% CI 448.1–451.6) for women and 159.7 (95% CI 158.7–160.6) for men (female:male ratio 2.8). The estimated 2010 prevalence of MS was highest in the 55- to 64-year age group. A US north-south decreasing prevalence gradient was identified. The estimated MS prevalence is also presented for 2017.ConclusionThe estimated US national MS prevalence for 2010 is the highest reported to date and provides evidence that the north-south gradient persists. Our rigorous algorithm-based approach to estimating prevalence is efficient and has the potential to be used for other chronic neurologic conditions.

Management of a cluster of invasive group A streptococcus infection in elderly patients linked to a district nursing team in the UK

The Lancet ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. S57
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Olufon ◽  
Nalini Iyanger ◽  
Vivien Cleary ◽  
Vicki Chalker ◽  
Theresa Lamagni
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Nursing Team ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Uk
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