scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of Invasive Isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes with Reduced Susceptibility to Fluoroquinolones

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 2130-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Powis ◽  
Allison McGeer ◽  
Carla Duncan ◽  
Ryan Goren ◽  
Joyce C. S. de Azavedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT Fluoroquinolone susceptibility testing was performed on invasive group A streptococcus isolates from 1992-1993 and 2003 from Ontario, Canada. None were nonsusceptible to levofloxacin. Two of 153 (1.3%) from 1992-1993 and 7 of 160 (4.4%) from 2003 had a levofloxacin MIC of 2 μg/ml; all nine had parC mutations, and eight were serotype M6.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Molecular Characterization of an Invasive Group A Streptococcusemm32.2 Outbreak

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1837-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Cornick ◽  
Anmol M. Kiran ◽  
Roberto Vivancos ◽  
Jon Van Aartsen ◽  
Jenny Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Disadvantaged Population ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACTAnemm32.2 invasive group A streptococcus (iGAS) outbreak occurred in Liverpool from January 2010 to September 2012. This genotype had not previously been identified in Liverpool, but was responsible for 32% (14/44) of all iGAS cases reported during this time period. We performed a case-case comparison ofemm32.2 iGAS cases with non-emm32.2 control iGAS cases identified in the Liverpool population over the same time period to assess patient risk factors foremm32.2 iGAS infection. Theemm32.2 iGAS cases were confined to the adult population. We show that homelessness, intravenous drug use, and alcohol abuse predisposed patients toemm32.2 iGAS disease; however, no obvious epidemiological linkage between the patients withemm32.2 iGAS could be identified. Comparative whole-genome sequencing analysis ofemm32.2 iGAS and non-emm32.2 control isolates was also performed to identify pathogen factors which might have driven the outbreak. We identified 19 genes, five of which had previously been implicated in virulence, which were present in all of theemm32.2 iGAS isolates but not present in any of the non-emm32.2 control isolates. We report that a novelemm32.2 genotype emerged in Liverpool in 2010 and identified a specific subset of genes, which could have allowed this novelemm32.2 genotype to persist in a disadvantaged population in the region over a 3-year period.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Bicistronic speB and prsA Gene Expression in the Group A Streptococcus

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (21) ◽  
pp. 7626-7634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsheng Ma ◽  
Amy E. Bryant ◽  
Dan B. Salmi ◽  
Susan M. Hayes-Schroer ◽  
Eric McIndoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Prolyl Isomerase ◽  
Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerase ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Group A ◽  
Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin B

ABSTRACT Severe, invasive group A streptococcal infections have reemerged worldwide, and extracellular toxins, including streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB), have been implicated in pathogenesis. The genetic regulation of SpeB is not fully understood, and the mechanisms involved in the processing of the protoxin to its enzymatically active form have not been definitively established. The present work demonstrated that the genes encoding SpeB (speB) and a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (prsA) constitute an operon with transcription initiated from two promoters upstream of speB. Further, the speB-prsA operon was transcribed as a bicistronic mRNA. This finding is in contrast to the generally accepted notion that speB is transcribed only as a monocistronic gene. In addition, prsA has its own promoter, and transcription from this promoter starts in early log phase, prior to the transcription of speB. Genomic disruption of prsA decreased the production of enzymatically active SpeB but not the level of the pro-SpeB zymogen. Taken together, these results demonstrate that prsA is required for production of fully mature, enzymatically active SpeB.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes group A isolates from a tertiary hospital in Lebanon

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1197-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie M. Karaky ◽  
George F. Araj ◽  
Sima T. Tokajian
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Resistant Strains

Streptococcus pyogenes [Group A Streptococcus (GAS)] is one of the most important human pathogens, responsible for numerous diseases with diverse clinical manifestations. As the epidemiology of GAS infections evolves, a rapid and reliable characterization of the isolates remains essential for epidemiological analysis and infection control. This study investigated the epidemiological patterns and genetic characteristics of 150 GAS isolates from a tertiary hospital in Lebanon by emm typing, superantigens (SAgs) detection, PFGE and antibiotic profiling. The results revealed 41 distinct emm types, the most prevalent of which were emm89 (16 %), emm12 (10 %), emm2 (9 %) and emm1 (8 %). Testing for the presence of superantigens showed that speB (87 %), ssa (36 %) and speG (30 %) were predominant. PFGE detected 39 pulsotypes when a similarity cut-off value of 80 % was implemented. Antibiotic-susceptibility testing against seven different classes of antibiotics showed that 9 % of the isolates were resistant to clindamycin, 23 % were resistant to erythromycin and 4 % showed the macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (MLSB) phenotype. The emergence of tetracycline-resistant strains (37 %) was high when compared with previous reports from Lebanon. This study provided comprehensive evidence of the epidemiology of GAS in Lebanon, highlighting the association between emm types and toxin genes, and providing valuable information about the origin and dissemination of this pathogen.

scholarly journals Erratum for Cornick et al., “Epidemiological and Molecular Characterization of an Invasive Group A Streptococcus emm32.2 Outbreak”

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Cornick ◽  
Anmol M. Kiran ◽  
Roberto Vivancos ◽  
Jon Van Aartsen ◽  
Jenny Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

Contact activation in shock caused by invasive group A Streptococcus pyogenes

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 3684-3691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiranee Sriskandan ◽  
Geoff Kemball-Cook ◽  
David Moyes ◽  
James Canvin ◽  
Edward Tuddenham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Contact Activation ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals The Shock of Strep: Rapid Deaths Due to Group a Streptococcus

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina M. Thompson ◽  
Alana K. Sterkel ◽  
Joseph A. McBride ◽  
Robert F. Corliss
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Microscopic Findings ◽  
Positive Coccus

Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as group A beta-hemolytic strep, is a Gram positive coccus responsible for several million infections every year. The types of infections vary widely from pharyngitis to myositis, but all can advance to severe life threatening invasive disease. Of those infected, approximately 1100 to 1600 people die each year due to invasive disease. Why certain individuals contract severe infections is not known, but many strains of Streptococcus pyogenes are known to produce toxins and superantigens. Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infections have been shown to cause significant morbidity and rapid mortality. In many cases, patients expire before full antemortem testing can be performed, causing physicians and families to look to forensic pathologists for answers. Understanding the pathogenesis of invasive group A strep infections, relevant gross and microscopic findings, and proper culturing techniques is critical for forensic pathologists to diagnosis this condition and assist in the education and protection of the communities they serve.

Etiology, clinical presentation, laboratory diagnostics, pathogenesis of impetigo and treatment methods

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Laknitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Individual

Currently, one of the priority medical and social problems is the optimization of treatment methods for pyoderma associated with Streptococcus pyogenes — group A streptococcus (GAS). To date, the proportion of pyoderma, the etiological factor of which is Streptococcus pyogenes, is about 6 % of all skin diseases and is in the range from 17.9 to 43.9 % of all dermatoses. Role of the bacterial factor in the development of streptococcal pyoderma is obvious. Traditional treatment complex includes antibacterial drugs selected individually, taking into account the antibiotic sensitivity of pathognomonic bacteria, and it is not always effective. Currently implemented immunocorrection methods often do not take into account specific immunological features of the disease, the individual, and the fact that the skin performs the function of not only a mechanical barrier, but it is also an immunocompetent organ. Such an approach makes it necessary to conduct additional studies clarifying the role of factors of innate and adaptive immunity, intercellular mediators and antioxidant defense system, that allow to optimize the treatment of this pathology.

Bilateral periorbital necrotising fasciitis associated with invasive group: a Streptococcus infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e236800
Author(s):  
Grace Anne McCabe ◽  
Thomas Hardy ◽  
Thomas Gordon Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Necrotising Fasciitis ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tissue Microscopy ◽  
Periorbital Swelling ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teamwork

A previously independent 56-year-old immunocompetent woman presented with septic shock in the setting of periorbital swelling and diffuse infiltrates on chest imaging. Blood cultures were positive for growth of group A Streptococcus (GAS). Broad spectrum antimicrobials were initiated with the inclusion of the antitoxin agent clindamycin. Necrosis of periorbital tissue was noted and surgical consultation was obtained. Débridement of both eyelids with skin grafting was performed. GAS was isolated from wound cultures and also observed on periorbital tissue microscopy. The final diagnosis was bilateral periorbital necrotising fasciitis (PONF) associated with invasive GAS infection. The patient had a prolonged intensive care unit course with input from multiple specialist teams. This case demonstrates the importance of early recognition and treatment of PONF, the profound systemic morbidity caused by these infections, and illustrates successful multidisciplinary teamwork.

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