scholarly journals Evaluation of Oxacillin and Cefoxitin Disk and MIC Breakpoints for Prediction of Methicillin Resistance in Human and Veterinary Isolates of Staphylococcus intermedius Group

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Wu ◽  
C.-A. D. Burnham ◽  
L. F. Westblade ◽  
J. Dien Bard ◽  
S. D. Lawhon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Bite Wounds ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Content Range ◽  
Animal Isolates ◽  
Cefoxitin Disk

Staphylococcuspseudintermediusis a coagulase-positive species that colonizes the nares and anal mucosa of healthy dogs and cats. Human infections withS. pseudintermediusrange in severity from bite wounds and rhinosinusitis to endocarditis; historically, these infections were thought to be uncommon, but new laboratory methods suggest that their true incidence is underreported. Oxacillin and cefoxitin disk and MIC tests were evaluated for the detection ofmecA- ormecC-mediated methicillin resistance in 115 human and animal isolates of theStaphylococcus intermediusgroup (SIG), including 111Staphylococcuspseudintermediusand 4Staphylococcusdelphiniisolates, 37 of which weremecApositive. The disk and MIC breakpoints evaluated included the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100-S25Staphylococcus aureus/Staphylococcuslugdunensisoxacillin MIC breakpoints and cefoxitin disk and MIC breakpoints, the CLSI M100-S25 coagulase-negativeStaphylococcus(CoNS) oxacillin MIC breakpoint and cefoxitin disk breakpoint, the CLSI VET01-S2S. pseudintermediusoxacillin MIC and disk breakpoints, and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)S. pseudintermediuscefoxitin disk breakpoint. The oxacillin results interpreted by the VET01-S2 (disk and MIC) and M100-S25 CoNS (MIC) breakpoints agreed with the results ofmecA/mecCPCR for all isolates, with the exception of one false-resistant result (1.3% ofmecA/mecCPCR-negative isolates). In contrast, cefoxitin tests performed poorly, ranging from 3 to 89% false susceptibility (very major errors) and 0 to 48% false resistance (major errors). BD Phoenix, bioMérieux Vitek 2, and Beckman Coulter MicroScan commercial automated susceptibility test panel oxacillin MIC results were also evaluated and demonstrated >95% categorical agreement withmecA/mecCPCR results if interpreted by using the M100-S25 CoNS breakpoint. The Alere penicillin-binding protein 2a test accurately detected allmecA-positive isolates, although for four isolates, cefoxitin induction was required prior to testing. These data demonstrate that the cefoxitin surrogate test does not reliably detect the presence ofmecAinS. pseudintermediusisolates and that laboratories should perform oxacillin disk or MIC tests of these isolates when they are encountered.

scholarly journals What's in a Name? The Impact of Accurate Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Identification on Appropriate Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandi M. Limbago
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Robust Identification ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Article Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococci

Bacteria in theStaphylococcus intermediusgroup, includingStaphylococcuspseudintermedius, often encodemecA-mediated methicillin resistance. Reliable detection of this phenotype for proper treatment and infection control decisions requires that these coagulase-positive staphylococci are accurately identified and specifically that they are not misidentified asS. aureus. As correct species level bacterial identification becomes more commonplace in clinical laboratories, one can expect to see changes in guidance for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and interpretation. The study by Wu et al. in this issue (M. T. Wu, C.-A. D. Burnham, L. F. Westblade, J. Dien Bard, S. D. Lawhon, M. A. Wallace, T. Stanley, E. Burd, J. Hindler, R. M. Humphries, J Clin Microbiol 54:535–542, 2016,http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02864-15) highlights the impact of robust identification ofS. intermediusgroup organisms on the selection of appropriate antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods and interpretation.

scholarly journals Once a Known Veterinary Pathogen, Now a Forgotten Zoonosis. Case Report of An Invasive Staphylococcus intermedius Group Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Ines Ubiergo ◽  
Maximiliano Gabriel Castro
Keyword(s):  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Rapid Adjustment ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Human Infections

Introduction: Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG), a known veterinary pathogen with the potential for zoonotic human infections, comprises S. intermedius, S. pseudointermedius, and S. delphini, which are not easily distinguishable. Without the proper equipment and procedures, it cannot be distinguished from Staphylococcus aureus (SAu), which causes underestimation of its true incidence. Case Presentation: A 52-year-old male with diabetes presented with complaints of fever and malaise. He developed respiratory failure and altered mental status; hence, intensive care was provided to him. Blood cultures and bronchoalveolar lavage culture developed methicillin-resistant SIG. Despite rapid adjustment of empiric antibiotic therapy, he died of multiple organ failure. Conclusions: Incorporating knowledge about this new pathogen and its aggressiveness into daily clinical practice can, through a high index of suspicion and detailed anamnesis, reduce misdiagnoses.

scholarly journals Third-Generation-Cephalosporin-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Humans and Companion Animals in Switzerland: Spread of a DHA-Producing Sequence Type 11 Clone in a Veterinary Setting

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2949-2955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Wohlwend ◽  
Andrea Endimiani ◽  
Thierry Francey ◽  
Vincent Perreten
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Veterinary Hospital ◽  
Animal Isolates

ABSTRACTCharacterization of third-generation-cephalosporin-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolates originating mainly from one human hospital (n= 22) and one companion animal hospital (n= 25) in Bern (Switzerland) revealed the absence of epidemiological links between human and animal isolates. Human infections were not associated with the spread of any specific clone, while the majority of animal infections were due toK. pneumoniaesequence type 11 isolates producing plasmidic DHA AmpC. This clonal dissemination within the veterinary hospital emphasizes the need for effective infection control practices.

scholarly journals Performance of Five Commercial Identification Platforms for Identification of Staphylococcus delphini

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Canver ◽  
Tsigereda Tekle ◽  
Samantha T. Compton ◽  
Katrina Callan ◽  
Eileen M. Burd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Tof Ms

ABSTRACT The Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) is a collection of coagulase-positive staphylococci consisting of four distinct species, namely, Staphylococcus cornubiensis, Staphylococcus delphini, Staphylococcus intermedius, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. SIG members are animal pathogens and rare causes of human infection. Accurate identification of S. pseudintermedius has important implications for interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing data and may be important for other members of the group. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the performance of five commercially available identification platforms with 21 S. delphini isolates obtained from a variety of animal and geographic sources. Here, we show that automated biochemical platforms were unable to identify S. delphini to the species level, a function of its omission from their databases, but could identify isolates to the SIG level with various degrees of success. However, all automated systems misidentified at least one isolate as Staphylococcus aureus. One matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system was able to identify S. delphini to the species level, suggesting that MALDI-TOF MS is the best option for distinguishing members of the SIG. With the exception of S. pseudintermedius, it is unclear if other SIG members should be routinely identified to the species level; however, as our understanding of their role in animal and human diseases increases, it may be necessary and important to do so.

scholarly journals Activity of Debio1452, a FabI Inhibitor with Potent Activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus spp., Including Multidrug-Resistant Strains

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2583-2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Flamm ◽  
Paul R. Rhomberg ◽  
Nachum Kaplan ◽  
Ronald N. Jones ◽  
David J. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Human Infections

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureusand coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are responsible for a wide variety of human infections. The investigational antibacterial Debio1450 (previously AFN-1720), a prodrug of Debio1452 (previously AFN-1252), specifically targets staphylococci without significant activity against other Gram-positive or Gram-negative species. Debio1452 inhibits FabI, an enzyme critical to fatty acid biosynthesis in staphylococci. The activity of Debio1452 against CoNS, methicillin-susceptibleS. aureus(MSSA), and methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA), including significant clones, was determined. A globally diverse collection of 574 patient isolates from 35 countries was tested that included CoNS (6 species, 103 strains), MSSA (154 strains), MRSA (163 strains), and molecularly characterized strains (includingspa-typed MRSA clones; 154 strains). The isolates were tested for susceptibility by CLSI broth microdilution methods against Debio1452 and 10 comparators. The susceptibility rates for the comparators were determined using CLSI and EUCAST breakpoint criteria. AllS. aureusand CoNS strains were inhibited by Debio1452 concentrations of ≤0.12 and ≤0.5 μg/ml, respectively. The MIC50s for MSSA, MRSA, and molecularly characterized MRSA strains were 0.004 μg/ml, and the MIC90s ranged from 0.008 to 0.03 μg/ml. The MICs were higher for the CoNS isolates (MIC50/90, 0.015/0.12 μg/ml). AmongS. aureusstrains, resistance was common for erythromycin (61.6%), levofloxacin (49.0%), clindamycin (27.6%), tetracycline (15.7%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (7.0%). Debio1452 demonstrated potent activity against MSSA, MRSA, and CoNS. Debio1452 showed significantly greater activity overall (MIC50, 0.004 μg/ml) than the other agents tested against these staphylococcal species, which included dominant MRSA clones and strains resistant to currently utilized antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Improved Detection of Staphylococcus intermedius Group in a Routine Diagnostic Laboratory

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 961-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lee ◽  
Aimee Murray ◽  
Richard Bendall ◽  
William Gaze ◽  
Lihong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Routine Laboratory ◽  
Simple Scheme ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogens ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius

TheStaphylococcus intermediusgroup (SIG) includes zoonotic pathogens traditionally associated with dog bites. We describe a simple scheme for improved detection of SIG using routine laboratory methods, report its effect on isolation rates, and use sequencing to confirm that, apart from one atypical SIG strain, most isolates areStaphylococcus pseudintermedius.

scholarly journals Molecular Diagnosis of Abdominal Armillifer grandis Pentastomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 2362-2364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Tappe ◽  
Mihály Sulyok ◽  
Lajos Rózsa ◽  
Birgit Muntau ◽  
Alexandra Haeupler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Molecular Diagnostics ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
The Tropics

Pentastomiasis is an emerging snake-borne parasitic zoonosis in the tropics. We describe a molecular and morphological study to diagnose a cluster of asymptomatic abdominal human infections caused byArmillifer grandis.The findings may indicate a silent epidemic in a rural area where severe symptomatic ocular cases with the same parasite species have recently surfaced. Molecular diagnostics are of increasing importance when patient material from remote areas cannot be thoroughly examined locally for logistic reasons.

scholarly journals Study of Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern And Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Human And Animal Pyogenic Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayshree Singh ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Sharad K. Yadav ◽  
Ritika Yadav ◽  
Vinod K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Animal Isolates

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus has been described as the most common cause of human and animal diseases and has emerged as superbug due to multidrug resistance. Considering these, a total of 175 samples were collected from pyogenic cases of humans (75) and animals (100), to establish the drug resistance pattern and also for molecular characterization of human and animal isolates. Thermonuclease (nuc) gene amplification was used to confirm all presumptive S. aureus isolates and then antibiotic sensitivity and slide coagulase tests were used for phenotypic characterization of isolates. Following that, all of the isolates were subjected to PCR amplification to detect the existence of the methicillin resistance (mecA) and coagulase (coa) genes. Lastly, typing was done by using the Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in human and animal samples was found to be 39.4%. Drug sensitivity revealed the highest resistance against the β-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin (94.8%) and penicillin (90.6%), followed by cephalosporin (cefixime-67.7%) and quinolone (ciprofloxacin-52.1%) group of drugs. The drug sensitivity was the highest against antibiotics like chloramphenicol (95%) followed by gentamicin (90%). Among the 69 S. aureus isolates, the overall presence of MRSA was 40.5% (27.5% and 50% in human and animal isolates respectively). Total 33 isolates exhibited coa genes amplification of more than one amplicons and variable in size of 250, 450, 800, and 1100 bp. The RAPD typing revealed amplification of 5 and 6 different band patterns in humans and animals, respectively, with two common patterns suggesting a common phylogenetic profile.

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