scholarly journals Conditions required for the attainment of colony-type stability of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in liquid culture

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-390
Author(s):  
E J Hart ◽  
I D Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Large Populations

Colony-type morphology in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is associated with virulence, transformability, and the presence or absence of pili. A reliable method for achieving large populations of cells that are relatively stable with respect to colony type would be valuable, for example, in studies of virulence or for the isolation of pilus-specific phages. Previously described methods designed to achieve type stability in liquid culture were inadequate for a variety of reasons, including their low final cell yields and/or their requirements for prolonged incubation. The success of the procedure described in this communication depends upon the use of an overnight plate harvest to insure a relatively large and stable inoculum for the liquid medium. Yields of as high as 10(10) colony-forming units/ml are routinely obtained after 4 to 5 h of incubation. Such cultures exhibit a colonial-type stability of 85 to 95% with respect to the original colonial type used for inoculation of the start plate.

The Lipopolysaccharides of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Colony Types 1 and 4

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm B. Perry ◽  
Virginia Daoust ◽  
Benito B. Diena ◽  
Fraser E. Ashton ◽  
Rebecca Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Mild Hydrolysis

The lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae grown in type 1 (T1) and 4 (T4) colony forms have been isolated. LPS from T4 colony type cells on mild hydrolysis gave a lipid A and a core oligosaccharide composed of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose, D-glucose, D-galactose, L-glycero-D-manno-heptose and 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid that appeared to be common to all the strains examined. LPS from T1 colony type cells on mild hydrolysis gave a lipid A and high molecular weight O polysaccharides which showed considerable differences in glycose composition for each strain examined. In those strains examined, T4 cells appear to produce a common 'R' type LPS whereas T1 cells produce an 'S' type LPS with structurally different O polysaccharide structures which probably account for serologically differentiated strains of N. gonorrhoeae.

scholarly journals Efficiency and Kinetics of Assam Crude Oil Degradation by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa AKS1 and Bacillus Sp. AKS2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobby Chettri ◽  
Ningombam Anjana Singha ◽  
Arvind Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Oil Degradation ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
Emulsification Index ◽  
Crude Oil Degradation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract We report kinetics of Assam crude oil degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AKS1 and Bacillus sp. AKS2, both isolated from Assam refinery sediments. The isolates exhibited appreciable degrees of hydrophobicity, emulsification index and biosurfactant production. Crude oil degradation efficiency of isolates was assessed in (1) liquid medium amended with 1% v/v crude oil and (2) microcosm sediments (125 mg crude oil/ 10 g sand). In liquid culture, the biodegradation rate (k) and half-life (t1/2) values were found to be 0.0383 day -1 and 18.09 days for P. aeruginosa AKS1, and 0.0204 day -1 and 33.97 days in case of Bacillus sp. AKS2. In microcosm sand sediments, the estimated biodegradation rate (k) and half-life (t 1/2) values were 0.0138 day -1 and 50 days for P. aeruginosa AKS1, and 0.0113 day -1 and 61.34 days in case of Bacillus sp. AKS2. The level of nutrient treatment in microcosm sand sediment was 125 µg N & 62.5 µg P/g sediment in case of P. aeruginosa AKS1 and 375 µg N & 37.5 µg P/g sediment in case of Bacillus sp. AKS2. In microcosms without inorganic nutrients, biodegradation rate (k) and half-life (t1/2) values were found to be 0.0069 day -1 and 100 days for P. aeruginosa AKS1 and for Bacillus sp. AKS2, the respective values were found to be 0.0046 day -1 and 150.68 days. Our data provides important information for predictive hydrocarbon degradation in liquid medium and contaminated sediments.

Comparison of Spontaneous and Antibiotic-Induced L-Form Production in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-187
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Mickelsen ◽  
Harry P. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Colony Type

The ability of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to grow as L-forms was found to be independent of the presence of an antibiotic inducing agent and colony type.

scholarly journals Metal Binding Specificity of the MntABC Permease of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Its Influence on Bacterial Growth and Interaction with Cervical Epithelial Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 3569-3576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen H. L. Lim ◽  
Christopher E. Jones ◽  
Rachel N. vanden Hoven ◽  
Jennifer L. Edwards ◽  
Megan L. Falsetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Cation Binding ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Site Analysis ◽  
Competition Assays

ABSTRACT mntABC from Neisseria gonorrhoeae encodes an ABC permease which includes a periplasmic divalent cation binding receptor protein of the cluster IX family, encoded by mntC. Analysis of an mntC mutant showed that growth of N. gonorrhoeae could be stimulated by addition of either manganese(II) or zinc(II) ions, suggesting that the MntABC system could transport both ions. In contrast, growth of the mntAB mutant in liquid culture was possible only when the medium was supplemented with an antioxidant such as mannitol, consistent with the view that ion transport via MntABC is essential for protection of N. gonorrhoeae against oxidative stress. Using recombinant MntC, we determined that MntC binds Zn2+ and Mn2+ with almost equal affinity (dissociation constant of ∼0.1 μM). Competition assays with the metallochromic zinc indicator 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol showed that MntC binds Mn2+ and Zn2+ at the same binding site. Analysis of the N. gonorrhoeae genome showed that MntC is the only Mn/Zn metal binding receptor protein cluster IX in this bacterium, in contrast to the situation in many other bacteria which have systems with dedicated Mn and Zn binding proteins as part of distinctive ABC cassette permeases. Both the mntC and mntAB mutants had reduced intracellular survival in a human cervical epithelial cell model and showed reduced ability to form a biofilm. These data suggest that the MntABC transporter is of importance for survival of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the human host.

scholarly journals Reversion of Kellogg's Colonial Types of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae In Liquid Medium

1977 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. HAFIZ ◽  
M. G. MCENTEGART ◽  
A. E. JEPHCOTT
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Liquid Medium

The lipopolysaccharide (R type) as a common antigen of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. II. Use of hen antiserum to gonococcal lipopolysaccharide in a rapid slide test for the identification of N. gonorrhoeae from primary isolates and secondary cultures

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wallace ◽  
F. E. Ashton ◽  
A. Ryan ◽  
B. B. Diena ◽  
C. Malysheff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Common Antigen ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Neisseria Lactamica ◽  
Slide Agglutination Test ◽  
Slide Test ◽  
Branhamella Catarrhalis

An antiserum has been prepared in hens to R-type gonococcal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and used in a simple slide-agglutination test for the identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Anti-LPS serum agglutinated gonococcal cells representative of the four colony types of N. gonorrhoeae. Absorption of the antiserum with LPS removed the agglutinating activity. Secondary cultures (1120) were tested without observation of the colony type and all were agglutinated. No agglutination occurred with strains of Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria lactamica, non-pathogenic Neisseria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Branhamella catarrhalis, or with species of lactobacilli and Acinetobacter. Cross-reactivity of the antiserum occurred with some streptococci. The anti-LPS serum was used to identify N. gonorrhoeae in primary isolates from the cervix, urethra, and pharynx. Of 251 gonococcal isolates tested, 249 were agglutinated by the antiserum, while all of the corresponding secondary cultures were agglutinated. The antiserum did not agglutinate N. meningitidis found in primary isolates from pharyngeal specimens. Anti-LPS hen serum should be useful for the rapid identification of N. gonorrhoeae in primary isolates or secondary cultures.

On the origin of variants of the marine bacteriumDeleya aesta134 able to grow at low Na+concentration

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 868-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. MacLeod ◽  
Patricia R. MacLeod ◽  
Marc Berthelet
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Adaptive Mutation ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Concentration Cells

Deleya aesta 134 grows optimally at 200 mM Na+in a chemically defined medium but at 10 mM Na+only after an extended lag period which was reduced if the cells that grew were reinoculated into medium of the same low Na+concentration. Cells that eventually grew at low Na+formed colonies on agar containing 17 mM Na+in the agar supernatant (the liquid released when the agar was compacted). Cells of the parent failed to form colonies at this Na+concentration when 102cells were plated. Colonies that formed on low Na+agar differed in appearance from colonies of the parent and three colony types were distinguished. When 106cells of D. aesta grown in liquid medium containing optimum Na+were spread on plates containing 17 mM Na+, a few variant colonies first appeared on day 4 and then increased in numbers over a 20-day period. In nine similar cultures the yield of colonies varied over a 3-log range. Fluctuation tests applied to the numbers arising from the similar cultures after different periods of incubation of the plates showed that the ratio of the variance to the mean was much greater than one initially and then increased with time. A total of seven different variants were isolated. These could be distinguished by the colony type formed, the length of the lag time preceding the first appearance of colonies, and the rate of colony accumulation on low (and in one case, high) Na+plates. The variants retained their distinctive characteristics when replated at low Na+after growth at optimum Na+. Differences in lag time and rate of colony accumulation were related to differences in Na+requirement of the variants and to the presence of other colonies on the plates. The variants appear to arise as the result of random mutations in the growing culture. There was no evidence of adaptive mutation.Key words: Deleya aesta, marine bacteria, variants, Na+response, colony accumulation, adaptive mutation.

scholarly journals Biotransformation of Tryptophan by Liquid Medium Culture of Psilocybe coprophila (Basidiomycetes)

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 806-808
Author(s):  
Julio Alarcón ◽  
Leyla Foncea ◽  
Sergio Águila ◽  
Joel B. Alderete
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Modern Tool ◽  
Medium Culture

Abstract Chemical reactions performed by fungi have been used as a modern tool in chemistry. In this work, we show the tryptophan biotransformation with Psilocybe coprophila on liquid culture medium. The results prove once more the versatility of fungi in performing a wide range of industrially attractive chemical reactions.

scholarly journals Static Liquid Culture of Doritaenopsis Seedlings

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Ting Tsai ◽  
Chien-Young Chu
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Sealing Material ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Sealing Materials ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Methods for static liquid culture are described to improve the growth of Doritaenopsis (commercially known as Phalaenopsis) seedlings in vitro. The results showed that seeds not only germinated, but also grew faster in liquid medium. No hyperhydric seedlings were observed in liquid culture when liquid level was accurately controlled by culture density, medium volume, and sealing materials. Although the germination percent was unaffected by medium phase (liquid or solid), sowing density, medium volume, or sealing material, the growth of seedlings decreased as density increased or medium volume decreased. Seeds of 1.5 mg mixed with 20 mL of liquid medium per 9-cm petri dish sealed with two layers of parafilm prompted optimal results. Shoot growth also was enhanced while 75-day-old seedlings were subcultured in liquid media with or without support. Seedling growth was enhanced by adding 20 mL liquid media to 36 seedlings without support after 45 days of culture. It was expected that by static liquid culture, the period from sowing to ex vitro would be 1.5 months shorter than the traditional solid culture.

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