scholarly journals Evaluation of broth disk elution methods for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria with the newer beta-lactam antibiotics.

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Jorgensen ◽  
J S Redding ◽  
A W Howell
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics

Bacteroides Fragilis: Current Susceptibilities, Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, and Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 567-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Cuchural ◽  
Francis P. Tally
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

The Bacteroides fragilis group of organisms includes the most clinically important anaerobic bacteria. Optimal therapy of infections in which these organisms are involved includes adequate and timely surgical drainage of all collections, debridement of necrotic tissue, optimal nutritional support, and administration of appropriate empiric antibiotics to cover both the aerobic and anaerobic bacterial components of these mixed infections. Special attention must be paid to the B. fragilis group because of its high rate of resistance to many of the commonly used antibiotics. Of the currently available beta-lactam antibiotics, piperacillin has the lowest rate of resistance. Successful antimicrobial agents include clindamycin, chloramphenicol, and metronidazole plus an aminoglycoside. Piperacillin, cefoxitin, and moxalactam can be used with an aminoglycoside or alone if no resistant organisms are revealed on culture and susceptibility testing. Beta-lactam-based regimens are potentially less toxic and may be less costly than those that contain one or more non-beta-lactam antibiotics.

scholarly journals Phenotypic detection of Carbapenamase among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples using modified Hodged test

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
HauwaYakubu ◽  
Mahmud Yerima Iliyasu ◽  
Asma’u Salisu ◽  
Abdulmumin Ibrahim Sulaiman ◽  
Fatima Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Tract Infections

Carbapenemases are microbial enzymes that confer resistance to virtually all available beta-lactam antibiotics and the most frequent carbapenemases are the Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenamase (KPC). Detection of carbapenemases is a significant infection control strategy as the enzymes are often associated with extensive antimicrobial resistance, therapeutic failures and mortality associated with infectious diseases. A total of 400 clinical samples were collected from different groups of patients in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria and 118 K. pneumoniae were isolated using standard microbiological techniques. The isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, then screened for Carbapenamase production using modified Hodge test. The results indicated that the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (61.9%), Ceftriaxone (50.8%) and Ceftazidime (50.8%), then Ciprofloxacin (54.2%), but predominantly sensitive to Imipenem (66.9%), Eterpenem (60.2%) and Meropenem (65.3%). It was found that 38 (32.2%) of the isolates phenotypically shows the presence of Carbapenamase, with highest frequency of (40.7%) among patients, mainly adult females with cases of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and the least from wound (11.8%).This study revealed that the isolates produced other beta-lactamases than KPC or variants of Carbapenamase that cannot be detected by modified Hodge test, thus shows low resistance to carbapenems. Therefore further studies is needed to genotypically confirm the presence of KPC in these isolates.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Anaerobe Clinical Isolates in Southeast Austria: Bacteroides fragilis Group Is on the Fast Track to Resistance

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Elisabeth König ◽  
Hans P. Ziegler ◽  
Julia Tribus ◽  
Andrea J. Grisold ◽  
Gebhard Feierl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Disk Diffusion Testing ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Human Infections

Anaerobic bacteria play an important role in human infections. Bacteroides spp. are some of the 15 most common pathogens causing nosocomial infections. We present antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results of 114 Gram-positive anaerobic isolates and 110 Bacteroides-fragilis-group-isolates (BFGI). Resistance profiles were determined by MIC gradient testing. Furthermore, we performed disk diffusion testing of BFGI and compared the results of the two methods. Within Gram-positive anaerobes, the highest resistance rates were found for clindamycin and moxifloxacin (21.9% and 16.7%, respectively), and resistance for beta-lactams and metronidazole was low (<1%). For BFGI, the highest resistance rates were also detected for clindamycin and moxifloxacin (50.9% and 36.4%, respectively). Resistance rates for piperacillin/tazobactam and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were 10% and 7.3%, respectively. Two B. fragilis isolates were classified as multi-drug-resistant (MDR), with resistance against all tested beta-lactam antibiotics. The comparative study of 109 BFGI resulted in 130 discrepancies in 763 readings (17%) with a high number of Very Major Errors (VME) and Major Errors (ME). In summary, resistance rates, with the exception of clindamycin and moxifloxacin, are still low, but we are facing increasing resistance rates for BFGI. Surveillance studies on a regular basis are still recommended.

scholarly journals Stenotrophomonas maltophilia susceptibility testing challenges and strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Rhoads
Keyword(s):  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Commercial Test ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Challenges And Strategies

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is intrinsically resistant to many beta lactam antibiotics including carbapenems and is resistant to aminoglycosides, which limits the therapeutic repertoire for managing S. maltophilia infections. Additionally, employing automated in vitro susceptibility testing of S. maltophilia is challenging because commercial test systems’ performance is limited (A. Khan, C. A. Arias, A. Abbott, J. Dien Bard, et al., J Clin Microbiol 59:e00654-21, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00654-21 ). This commentary will briefly discuss the opportunity to use automated commercial susceptibility testing systems with S. maltophilia with a focus on how to practically implement their use while mitigating risk of error.

The JK Diphtheroids

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 466-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Schoch ◽  
Burke A. Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Facultatively Anaerobic ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Clinically Significant

In Bergey's manual, animal and human corynebacteria are a group of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic gram-positive or slightly curved bacilli that are generally nonmotile, catalase-positive, and non-acid fast. The best known and most clinically significant pathogen in the genus Corynebacterium is C. diphtheriae. However, other members of this genus are frequently encountered in the clinical laboratory and usually represent colonization or commensal contamination, since most other corynebacteria are of low virulence and questionable clinical significance. Frequently described as “diphtheroids,” such organisms are usually dismissed as contaminants and are not speciated or subjected to susceptibility testing. The JK diphtheroids may be differentiated from clinically unimportant “diphtheroids” by their resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and their distinctive morphologic and cultural characteristics (Table 1).

scholarly journals Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase production

1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. ALDRIDGE ◽  
C. V. SANDERS ◽  
A. C. LEWIS ◽  
R. L. MARIER
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document