Molecular typing of Candida albicans in oral candidiasis: karyotype epidemiology with human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients in comparison with that with healthy carriers.

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1238-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Lupetti ◽  
G Guzzi ◽  
A Paladini ◽  
K Swart ◽  
M Campa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Healthy Carriers

scholarly journals CD8+ T Cells but Not Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Are Required To Limit Chronic Oral Carriage of Candida albicans in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 2382-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Marquis ◽  
Daniel Lewandowski ◽  
Véronique Dugas ◽  
Francine Aumont ◽  
Serge Sénéchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Oral Carriage ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Candida albicans causes oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) but rarely disseminates to deep organs in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Here, we used a model of OPC in CD4C/HIVMut transgenic (Tg) mice to investigate the role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and CD8+ T cells in limiting candidiasis to the mucosa. Numbers of circulating PMNs and their oxidative burst were both augmented in CD4C/HIVMutA Tg mice expressing rev, env, and nef of HIV type 1 (HIV-1), while phagocytosis and killing of C. albicans were largely unimpaired compared to those in non-Tg mice. Depletion of PMNs in these Tg mice did not alter oral or gastrointestinal burdens of C. albicans or cause systemic dissemination. However, oral burdens of C. albicans were increased in CD4C/HIVMutG Tg mice expressing only the nef gene of HIV-1 and bred on a CD8 gene-deficient background (CD8−/−), compared to control or heterozygous CD8+/− CD4C/HIVMutG Tg mice. Thus, CD8+ T cells contribute to the host defense against oral candidiasis in vivo, specifically in the context of nef expression in a subset of immune cells.

scholarly journals Effects of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Proteinase Inhibitors Saquinavir and Indinavir on In Vitro Activities of Secreted Aspartyl Proteinases of Candida albicans Isolates from HIV-Infected Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 2038-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans C. Korting ◽  
Martin Schaller ◽  
Gabriele Eder ◽  
Gerald Hamm ◽  
Ursula Böhmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Proteinase Inhibitors ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Proteinase Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Pepstatin A

ABSTRACT The effects of therapeutically relevant concentrations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proteinase inhibitors saquinavir and indinavir on the in vitro proteinase activity of Candida albicans were investigated with isolates from HIV-infected and uninfected patients with oral candidiasis. After exposure to the HIV proteinase inhibitors, proteinase activity was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner. These inhibitory effects, which were similar to that of pepstatin A, and the reduced virulence phenotype in experimental candidiasis after application of saquinavir indicate the usefulness of these HIV proteinase inhibitors as potential anticandidal agents.

scholarly journals CandidaEsophagitis in an Immunocompetent Pregnant Woman

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Greenspoon ◽  
Seth Kivnick
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background:Nausea and vomiting are common during the first half of pregnancy and usually require only supportive measures. When symptoms are progressive and weight loss occurs, treatable causes should be sought by means of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. We report a case of an immunocompetent gravida with invasiveCandida albicansesophagitis.Case:The immunocompetent primigravida developed progressive nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and a 4.1 kg weight loss during the second trimester of pregnancy. Treatment with metoclopramide and cimetidine for presumed gastroesophageal reflux was not effective. The patient had normal T-cell CD4 and CD8 subsets and was human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody negative. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealedC. albicansesophagitis which was treated with oral nystatin. The esophagitis had resolved completely when reassessed postpartum. The use of histamine2blockers is associated with an increased risk for fungal esophagitis and may have been a contributing cause in this case.Conclusion:Pregnant patients with persistent nausea, vomiting, and weight loss should be evaluated by endoscopy for fungal esophagitis.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among tuberculosis patients at tertiary care combined hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Rakesh Basavareddy ◽  
Asha Basavareddy ◽  
Shimoga Laxman Ravi ◽  
Bilagumba Ramu Kiran ◽  
Gadwalkar R. Srikant
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Seroprevalence ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Background and Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have reached epidemic proportions in our country. This study was undertaken to know the seroprevalence of HIV infection among TB patients and to evaluate the various clinical features of TB in seropositive and seronegative patients. This study was undertaken in Vijayanagara Institute of Medical Sciences, Bellary. It was cross-sectional comparative observational study conducted from December 2010 to May 2012. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 consecutive patients diagnosed with TB satisfying inclusion criteria were selected for the study. All patients went through a detailed evaluation along with testing for HIV seroprevalence. Chi-square and Student’s t-tests used to find the significance between two groups. Results: The overall HIV seroprevalence among TB patients was 8%. Seroprevalence was highest in the age group between 31 and 40 years at 29.41% (odds ratio [OR] = 11.11, P = 0.003). It was found that seropositive TB patients were more likely to present with significant weight loss (OR = 19.25, P= 0.000), and have lymphadenopathy OR = 13.24, P = 0.002) and oral candidiasis (OR = 49.44, P = 0.000) on examination. Bilateral chest radiographic involvement (OR = 57.40, P = 0.000) and the disseminated variety of the disease (OR = 29.67, P = 0.001) are also more probable. Conclusions: Human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence is quite high among TB patients in Bellary. During the evaluation of TB patients, the possibility of HIV co-infection should be kept in mind, and thus adequate knowledge of the likely clinical features is absolutely necessary.

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