scholarly journals RNA Polymerase Slippage as a Mechanism for the Production of Frameshift Gene Products in Plant Viruses of the Potyviridae Family

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (13) ◽  
pp. 6965-6967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Rodamilans ◽  
Adrian Valli ◽  
Ares Mingot ◽  
David San León ◽  
David Baulcombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Polymerase Slippage

scholarly journals A61 Large RNA genomes: Is RNA polymerase fidelity enough?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Ferron ◽  
B Canard
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Dna Viruses ◽  
Viral Rdrp ◽  
Polymerase Fidelity ◽  
Mechanistic Basis

Abstract Large-genome Nidoviruses and Nidovirus-like viruses reside at the current boundary of largest RNA genome sizes. They code for an unusually large number of gene products matching that of small DNA viruses (e.g. DNA bacteriophages). The order of appearance and distribution of enzyme genes along various virus families (e.g. helicase and ExoN) may be seen as an evolutionary marker in these large RNA genomes lying at the genome size boundary. A positive correlation exists between (+)RNA virus genome sizes and the presence of the RNA helicase and the ExoN domains. Although the mechanistic basis of the presence of the helicase is still unclear, the role of the ExoN activity has been linked to the existence of an RNA synthesis proofreading system. In large Nidovirales, ExoN is bound to a processive replicative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and corrects mismatched bases during viral RNA synthesis. Over the last decade, a view of the overall process has been refined in Coronaviruses, and in particular in our lab (Ferron et al., PNAS, 2018). We have identified genetic markers of large RNA genomes that we wish to use to data-mine currently existing metagenomic datasets. We have also initiated a collaboration to sequence and explore new viromes that will be searched according to these criteria. Likewise, we have a collection of purified viral RdRps that are currently being used to generate RNA synthesis products that will be compared to existing NGS datasets of cognate viruses. We will be able to have an idea about how much genetic diversity is possibly achievable by viral RdRp (‘tunable fidelity’) versus the detectable diversity (i.e. after selection in the infected cell) that is actually produced.

scholarly journals Deciphering the RNA Silencing Suppressor Function in the Potyvirus SPV2

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Ornela Chase ◽  
Giannina Bambaren ◽  
Juan José López-Moya
Keyword(s):  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Silencing Suppressor ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Rna Silencing Suppressor

In most eukaryotes, RNA silencing is a key element in the regulation of gene expression and defense against pathogens. Plants have developed a defensive barrier against exogenous microorganisms, such as plant-infecting viruses, by specifically targeting and degrading the viral RNAs and thus limiting the negative effects of the diseases caused by them. On the other hand, plant viruses encode for suppressor proteins that repress the host-silencing machinery, hence allowing viral replication and infection establishment. Our current project focuses on the characterization of gene products contributing to the RNA silencing suppressor (RSS) function of Sweet potato virus 2 (SPV2), genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae. SPV2 infects sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas, family Convolvulaceae), one of the most important staple food crops worldwide. Infections by potyvirids result in the high yield losses of sweet potatoes, especially from coinfection with unrelated viruses, and our final goal is to develop efficient control strategies. Our preliminary results analyzing the P1 and HCPro proteases of SPV2, transiently expressed in N. benthamiana together with a reporter GFP construct, revealed that HCPro constitutes a strong RSS. This is a novel finding, and we are currently characterizing the functions of other gene products.

Nucleotide excision repair in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae : its relationship to specialized mitotic recombination and RNA polymerase II basal transcription

1995 ◽  
Vol 347 (1319) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Basal Transcription ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Yeast Genes

Nucleotide excision repair (ner) in eukaryotes is a biochemically complex process involving multiple gene products. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an informative model for this process. Multiple genes and in some cases gene products that are indispensable for ner have been isolated from this organism. Homologues of many of these yeast genes are structurally and functionally conserved in higher organisms, including humans. The yeast Rad1/Rad10 heterodimeric protein complex is an endonuclease that is believed to participate in damage-specific incision of DNA during ner . This endonuclease is also required for specialized types of recombination. The products of the RAD3, SSL2(RAD25) SSL1 and TFB1 genes have dual roles in ner and in RNA polymerase II-dependent basal transcription.

scholarly journals Truncated yet functional viral protein produced via RNA polymerase slippage implies underestimated coding capacity of RNA viruses

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Hagiwara-Komoda ◽  
Sun Hee Choi ◽  
Masanao Sato ◽  
Go Atsumi ◽  
Junya Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Viral Protein ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Coding Capacity ◽  
Polymerase Slippage

scholarly journals A suppressor of an RNA polymerase II mutation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a subunit common to RNA polymerases I, II, and III.

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 6123-6131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Archambault ◽  
K T Schappert ◽  
J D Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Essential Gene ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Mutation

RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) is a complex multisubunit enzyme responsible for the synthesis of pre-mRNA in eucaryotes. The enzyme is made of two large subunits associated with at least eight smaller polypeptides, some of which are common to all three RNA polymerase species. We have initiated a genetic analysis of RNAPII by introducing mutations in RPO21, the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNAPII in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have used a yeast genomic library to isolate plasmids that can suppress a temperature-sensitive mutation in RPO21 (rpo21-4), with the goal of identifying gene products that interact with the largest subunit of RNAPII. We found that increased expression of wild-type RPO26, a single-copy, essential gene encoding a 155-amino-acid subunit common to RNAPI, RNAPII, and RNAPIII, suppressed the rpo21-4 temperature-sensitive mutation. Mutations were constructed in vitro that resulted in single amino acid changes in the carboxy-terminal portion of the RPO26 gene product. One temperature-sensitive mutation, as well as some mutations that did not by themselves generate a phenotype, were lethal in combination with rpo21-4. These results support the idea that the RPO26 and RPO21 gene products interact.

scholarly journals Modification of RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli by pre-early gene products of bacteriophage T5.

1981 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 958-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J McCorquodale ◽  
C W Chen ◽  
M K Joseph ◽  
R Woychik
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Bacteriophage T5

scholarly journals Effect of multiple copies ofrpoBCon the rate of RNA synthesis inEscherichia coli

1986 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena C. Guzman ◽  
Alfonso Jimenez-Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Replication Forks ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multiple Copies ◽  
Autogenous Regulation ◽  
Rate Of Movement

SummaryThe cloning of therpoBandrpoCgenes in a high copy number vector inE. coliincreased the amount of the encoded gene products, the β and β′ subunits of RNA polymerase. However, this unexpectedly caused a 30–50% decrease in RNA synthetic activity which alternatively induced a reduction of growth rate and enlargement of cell size, and decreased the DNA replication time. The results can be explained by autogenous regulation of the RNA polymerase genes by the ββ′ subunits. A relation between the decrease in number of transcription units and the observed higher rate of movement of DNA replication forks is discussed.

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