scholarly journals Characterization of human cytomegalovirus UL84 early gene and identification of its putative protein product.

1992 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 1098-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y S He ◽  
L Xu ◽  
E S Huang
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Putative Protein

scholarly journals Cloning and Characterization of linR, Involved in Regulation of the Downstream Pathway for γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane Degradation in Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1803-1807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Miyauchi ◽  
Haeng-Seog Lee ◽  
Masao Fukuda ◽  
Masamichi Takagi ◽  
Yuji Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Protein Product ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Sphingomonas Paucimobilis ◽  
Recognition Sequence ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Putative Protein ◽  
Lacz Activity ◽  
Resultant Plasmid ◽  
Slot Blot Analysis

ABSTRACT In Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26, LinD and LinE activities, which are responsible for the degradation of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, are inducibly expressed in the presence of their substrates, 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone (2,5-DCHQ) and chlorohydroquinone (CHQ). The nucleotide sequence of the 1-kb upstream region of the linE gene was determined, and an open reading frame (ORF) was found in divergent orientation from linE. Because the putative protein product of the ORF showed similarity to the LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) family, we named it linR. The fragment containing the putative LTTR recognition sequence (a palindromic TN11A sequence), which exists immediately upstream of linE, was ligated with the reporter gene lacZ and was inserted into the plasmid expressing LinR under the control of the lac promoter. When the resultant plasmid was introduced into Escherichia coli, the LacZ activity rose in the presence of 2,5-DCHQ and CHQ. RNA slot blot analysis for the total RNAs of UT26 and UT102, which has an insertional mutation in linR, revealed that the expression of the linD and linE genes was induced in the presence of 2,5-DCHQ, CHQ, and hydroquinone in UT26 but not in UT102. These results indicated that the linR gene is directly involved in the inducible expression of the linD and linE genes.

scholarly journals Characterization of an Antisense Transcript Spanning the UL81-82 Locus of Human Cytomegalovirus

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (17) ◽  
pp. 11022-11034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Bego ◽  
J. Maciejewski ◽  
S. Khaiboullina ◽  
G. Pari ◽  
S. St. Jeor
Keyword(s):  
Cdna Library ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Antisense Transcript ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Lytic Replication ◽  
Immediate Early ◽  
Lambda Phage

ABSTRACT In this study we present the characterization of a novel transcript, UL81-82ast, UL81-82 antisense transcript, and its protein product. The transcript was initially found in a cDNA library of monocytes from a seropositive donor. mRNA was obtained from monocytes isolated from a healthy donor with a high antibody titer against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The mRNAs were cloned into a lambda phage-derived vector to create the cDNA library. Using PCR, UL81-82ast was amplified from the library. The library was tested for the presence of numerous HCMV genes. Neither structural genes nor immediate-early genes were found. UL81-82ast was detected in five bone marrow samples from healthy antibody-positive donors. This same transcript was also found in in vitro-infected human fibroblasts early after infection but disappears at the same time that UL82 transcription begins. Not only was the transcript amplified using reverse transcription-PCR and sequenced but its protein product (UL82as protein) was detected by both Western blot and immunofluorescence. Phylogenetic studies using UL82as protein were conducted, showing a high degree of conservation in clinical isolates, laboratory strains of HCMV, and even in chimpanzee CMV. The transcript could be involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of the UL82 gene, affecting its mRNA stability or translation. Since the UL82 product, pp71, functions as an immediate-early transactivator, its posttranscriptional control could have some effect over latency reactivation and lytic replication.

scholarly journals hNGF Peptides Elicit the NGF-TrkA Signalling Pathway in Cholinergic Neurons and Retain Full Neurotrophic Activity in the DRG Assay

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Triaca ◽  
Elena Fico ◽  
Valentina Sposato ◽  
Silvia Caioli ◽  
Maria Teresa Ciotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Primary Neurons ◽  
Brain Delivery ◽  
Drg Neurons ◽  
Neurotrophic Activity ◽  
Mapk Signalling

In the last decade, Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)-based clinical approaches have lacked specific and efficient Tyrosine Kinase A (TrkA) agonists for brain delivery. Nowadays, the characterization of novel small peptidomimetic is taking centre stage in preclinical studies, in order to overcome the main size-related limitation in brain delivery of NGF holoprotein for Central Nervous System (CNS) pathologies. Here we investigated the NGF mimetic properties of the human NGF 1–14 sequence (hNGF1–14) and its derivatives, by resorting to primary cholinergic and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Briefly, we observed that: 1) hNGF1–14 peptides engage the NGF pathway through TrkA phosphorylation at tyrosine 490 (Y490), and activation of ShcC/PI3K and Plc-γ/MAPK signalling, promoting AKT-dependent survival and CREB-driven neuronal activity, as seen by levels of the immediate early gene c-Fos, of the cholinergic marker Choline Acetyltransferase (ChAT), and of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF); 2) their NGF mimetic activity is lost upon selective TrkA inhibition by means of GW441756; 3) hNGF1–14 peptides are able to sustain DRG survival and differentiation in absence of NGF. Furthermore, the acetylated derivative Ac-hNGF1–14 demonstrated an optimal NGF mimetic activity in both neuronal paradigms and an electrophysiological profile similar to NGF in cholinergic neurons. Cumulatively, the findings here reported pinpoint the hNGF1–14 peptide, and in particular its acetylated derivative, as novel, specific and low molecular weight TrkA specific agonists in both CNS and PNS primary neurons.

scholarly journals Biochemical and structural characterization of the capsid-bound tegument proteins of human cytomegalovirus

2011 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuekui Yu ◽  
Sanket Shah ◽  
Manfred Lee ◽  
Wei Dai ◽  
Pierrette Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Tegument Proteins

scholarly journals Targeting the latent human cytomegalovirus reservoir for T-cell-mediated killing with virus-specific nanobodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo W. M. De Groof ◽  
Elizabeth G. Elder ◽  
Eleanor Y. Lim ◽  
Raimond Heukers ◽  
Nick D. Bergkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Latent Reservoir ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Viral Receptor ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
Infected Cells

AbstractLatent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is characterized by limited gene expression, making latent HCMV infections refractory to current treatments targeting viral replication. However, reactivation of latent HCMV in immunosuppressed solid organ and stem cell transplant patients often results in morbidity. Here, we report the killing of latently infected cells via a virus-specific nanobody (VUN100bv) that partially inhibits signaling of the viral receptor US28. VUN100bv reactivates immediate early gene expression in latently infected cells without inducing virus production. This allows recognition and killing of latently infected monocytes by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes from HCMV-seropositive individuals, which could serve as a therapy to reduce the HCMV latent reservoir of transplant patients.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Human Cytomegalovirus UL75 (Glycoprotein H) Late Gene Promoter

Virology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 303 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard J.P. McWatters ◽  
Richard M. Stenberg ◽  
Julie A. Kerry
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Late Gene ◽  
Glycoprotein H
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