scholarly journals Rabbit Genital Tissue Is Susceptible to Infection by Rabbit Oral Papillomavirus: an Animal Model for a Genital Tissue-Targeting Papillomavirus

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 5239-5244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Harvey ◽  
Nancy M. Cladel ◽  
Lynn R. Budgeon ◽  
Patricia A. Welsh ◽  
James W. Griffith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Viral Capsid Antigen ◽  
Tissue Targeting ◽  
Direct Inoculation ◽  
Domestic Rabbits ◽  
Immunohistological Staining ◽  
Genital Tissue

ABSTRACT Rabbit oral papillomavirus (ROPV) is a mucosatropic papillomavirus which naturally infects oral mucosal sites of domestic rabbits. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that rabbit genital mucosa is also susceptible to ROPV infection by using the athymic mouse xenograft system and adult immunocompetent rabbits. Subrenal xenografts of ROPV-infected rabbit vulvar and penile sheath tissues were strongly positive for ROPV infection by histologic, in situ hybridization, and Southern analyses. Direct inoculation of adult rabbit penises with infectious ROPV produced small raised lesions of approximately 1 by 1 by 1 mm that were ROPV positive by both in situ hybridization and Southern analyses and were also viral capsid antigen positive by immunohistological staining. Infection of rabbit genital tissues with ROPV may be a useful animal model for the study of genital tissue-targeting papillomaviruses.

scholarly journals Generation of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor 1-Deficient Mice as an Animal Model of Central Hypothyroidism

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1450-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Rabeler ◽  
Jens Mittag ◽  
Lars Geffers ◽  
Ulrich Rüther ◽  
Michael Leitges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Central Hypothyroidism ◽  
R1 Gene

Abstract To provide an animal model of central hypothyroidism, mice deficient in the TRH-receptor 1 (TRH-R1) gene were generated by homologous recombination. The pituitaries of TRH-R1−/− mice are devoid of any TRH-binding capacity, demonstrating that TRH-R1 is the only receptor localized on TRH target cells of the pituitary. With the exception of some retardation in growth rate, TRH-R1−/− mice appear normal, but compared with control animals they exhibit a considerable decrease in serum T3, T4, and prolactin (PRL) levels but not in serum TSH levels. In situ hybridization histochemistry and real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that in adult TRH-R1−/− animals TSHβ-mRNA expression is not impaired whereas PRL mRNA and GH mRNA levels are considerably reduced compared with control mice. The numbers of thyrotropes, somatotropes, and lactotropes, however, are not affected by the deletion of the TRH-R1 gene. The mutant mice are fertile, and the dams nourish their pups well, indicating that TRH is not a decisive factor for suckling-induced PRL release. In situ hybridization and quantitative RT-PCR analysis, furthermore, revealed that, as in control animals, pituitary PRL-mRNA expression in TRH-R1−/− is considerably increased during lactation, albeit strongly reduced as compared with lactating control animals.

scholarly journals Transmission and Serial Propagation ofEnterocytozoon bieneusi from Humans and Rhesus Macaques in Gnotobiotic Piglets

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 5515-5519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivanela Kondova ◽  
Keith Mansfield ◽  
Michael A. Buckholt ◽  
Barry Stein ◽  
Giovanni Widmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Oral Challenge ◽  
Infected Piglet ◽  
Gnotobiotic Piglets

ABSTRACT For over a decade Enterocytozoon bieneusi infections in people with AIDS have been linked with chronic diarrhea and wasting. The slow scientific progress in treating these infections is attributed to the inability of investigators to cultivate the parasite, which has also precluded evaluation of effective therapies. We report here successful serial transmissions of E. bieneusi from patients with AIDS and from macaques with AIDS to immunosuppressed gnotobiotic piglets. One infected piglet was still excreting spores at necropsy 50 days after an oral challenge. Spores in feces were detected microscopically by trichrome stain and by PCR and within enterocytes by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. E. bieneusiinfection induced no symptoms. The development of an animal model forE. bieneusi will open up new opportunities for investigating this parasite.

Prothrombin Synthesis in the Adult and Fetal Liver

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (06) ◽  
pp. 1468-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Cohen ◽  
James McKinnell ◽  
Vincent Puglisi ◽  
Alba Greco ◽  
Michael Nardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Lower Plasma

SummaryPlasma levels of blood coagulation zymogens are lower in the newborn than in the adult, with the lowest levels being in preterm infants. It is not known if the lower coagulation factor levels reflect differences in synthesis, secretion or catabolism.Using a rabbit model we have compared prothrombin synthesis in the fetus and adult. In previous studies we attempted to compare transcription in the adult and fetal liver by extraction of mRNA, immobilization on a membrane and hybridization with a labeled cDNA for rabbit prothrombin. Comparison was impaired by the markedly dissimilar composition of fetal and adult rabbit liver; fetal liver is approximately fifty percent hematopoietic tissue even at term (1). In the present study, to obtain a more meaningful comparison we have employed in situ hybridization to compare directly prothrombin expression in adult and fetal liver. We report here that fetal liver contains more prothrombin mRNA than does adult liver. We have further compared prothrombin levels in protein extracts of adult and fetal liver and found that per microgram of extract, fetal liver contains as much prothrombin as does the adult. We conclude that the lower plasma prothrombin levels in the fetus do not reflect a lower rate of synthesis.

A new animal model for implant-related infected non-unions after intramedullary fixation of the tibia in rats with fluorescent in situ hybridization of bacteria in bone infection

Bone ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1146-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Alt ◽  
Katrin S. Lips ◽  
Christoph Henkenbehrens ◽  
Dominik Muhrer ◽  
Marcia Cavalcanti-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Bone Infection ◽  
Intramedullary Fixation

DNA sequence mapping in interphase and metaphase chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
Barbara Trask ◽  
Susan Allen ◽  
Anne Bergmann ◽  
Mari Christensen ◽  
Anne Fertitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Nick Translation ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Texas Red ◽  
Fluorescent Spot

Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the positions of DNA sequences can be discretely marked with a fluorescent spot. The efficiency of marking DNA sequences of the size cloned in cosmids is 90-95%, and the fluorescent spots produced after FISH are ≈0.3 μm in diameter. Sites of two sequences can be distinguished using two-color FISH. Different reporter molecules, such as biotin or digoxigenin, are incorporated into DNA sequence probes by nick translation. These reporter molecules are labeled after hybridization with different fluorochromes, e.g., FITC and Texas Red. The development of dual band pass filters (Chromatechnology) allows these fluorochromes to be photographed simultaneously without registration shift.

Ultrastructural analysis of the spatial distribution of MRNA

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 552-553
Author(s):  
Gary Bassell ◽  
Robert H. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Dna Probe ◽  
Nucleotide Analogs ◽  
Gold Particles

We have been investigating the spatial distribution of nucleic acids intracellularly using in situ hybridization. The use of non-isotopic nucleotide analogs incorporated into the DNA probe allows the detection of the probe at its site of hybridization within the cell. This approach therefore is compatible with the high resolution available by electron microscopy. Biotinated or digoxigenated probe can be detected by antibodies conjugated to colloidal gold. Because mRNA serves as a template for the probe fragments, the colloidal gold particles are detected as arrays which allow it to be unequivocally distinguished from background.

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