scholarly journals Sequence Analysis of the Genome of the Neodiprion sertifer Nucleopolyhedrovirus

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (13) ◽  
pp. 7036-7051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Garcia-Maruniak ◽  
James E. Maruniak ◽  
Paolo M. A. Zanotto ◽  
Aissa E. Doumbouya ◽  
Jaw-Ching Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ring Finger ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Neodiprion Sertifer ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Culex Nigripalpus ◽  
Conserved Genes ◽  
European Pine Sawfly ◽  
Conserved Core ◽  
Reading Frames ◽  
Core Genes

ABSTRACT The genome of the Neodiprion sertifer nucleopolyhedrovirus (NeseNPV), which infects the European pine sawfly, N. sertifer (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), was sequenced and analyzed. The genome was 86,462 bp in size. The C+G content of 34% was lower than that of the majority of baculoviruses. A total of 90 methionine-initiated open reading frames (ORFs) with more than 50 amino acids and minimal overlapping were found. From those, 43 ORFs were homologous to other baculovirus ORFs, and 29 of these were from the 30 conserved core genes among all baculoviruses. A NeseNPV homolog to the ld130 gene, which is present in all other baculovirus genomes sequenced to date, could not be identified. Six NeseNPV ORFs were similar to non-baculovirus-related genes, one of which was a trypsin-like gene. Only one iap gene, containing a single BIR motif and a RING finger, was found in NeseNPV. Two NeseNPV ORFs (nese18 and nese19) were duplicates transcribed in opposite orientations from each other. NeseNPV did not have an AcMNPV ORF 2 homolog characterized as the baculovirus repeat ORF (bro). Six homologous regions (hrs) were located within the NeseNPV genome, each containing small palindromes embedded within direct repeats. A phylogenetic analysis was done to root the tree based upon the sequences of DNA polymerase genes of NeseNPV, 23 other baculoviruses, and other phyla. Baculovirus phylogeny was then constructed with 29 conserved genes from 24 baculovirus genomes. Culex nigripalpus nucleopolyhedrovirus (CuniNPV) was the most distantly related baculovirus, branching to the hymenopteran NeseNPV and the lepidopteran nucleopolyhedroviruses and granuloviruses.

scholarly journals Genome Analysis of an Alphabaculovirus Isolated from the Larch Looper, Erannis ankeraria

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Long Liu ◽  
Zhilin Zhang ◽  
Chenglin Liu ◽  
Liangjian Qu ◽  
Dun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Larch Forests ◽  
Genome Phylogeny ◽  
Occlusion Bodies ◽  
Reading Frames ◽  
Core Genes

The larch looper, Erannis ankeraria Staudinger (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), is one of the major insect pests of larch forests, widely distributed from southeastern Europe to East Asia. A naturally occurring baculovirus, Erannis ankeraria nucleopolyhedrovirus (EranNPV), was isolated from E. ankeraria larvae. This virus was characterized by electron microscopy and by sequencing the whole viral genome. The occlusion bodies (OBs) of EranNPV exhibited irregular polyhedral shapes containing multiple enveloped rod-shaped virions with a single nucleocapsid per virion. The EranNPV genome was 125,247 bp in length with a nucleotide distribution of 34.9% G+C. A total of 131 hypothetical open reading frames (ORFs) were identified, including the 38 baculovirus core genes and five multi-copy genes. Five homologous regions (hrs) were found in the EranNPV genome. Phylogeny and pairwise kimura 2-parameter analysis indicated that EranNPV was a novel group II alphabaculovirus and was most closely related to Apocheima cinerarium NPV (ApciNPV). Field trials showed that EranNPV was effective in controlling E. ankeraria in larch forests. The above results will be relevant to the functional research on EranNPV and promote the use of this virus as a biocontrol agent.

CANDLING AND SIGHTING TECHNIQUES USED IN LASER INVESTIGATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN PINE SAWFLY, NEODIPRION SERTIFER (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE)

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 670-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Kobylnyk
Keyword(s):  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Transmitted Light ◽  
Neodiprion Sertifer ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Avian Eggs ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
European Pine Sawfly ◽  
Zoology Department

Laser treatment of larval and pupal stages within cocoons of Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.) requires an accurate assessment of viability and the antero-posterior alignment of the cocoon content. The use of the candling technique to assess qualitative features of avian eggs depends on the translucency of the egg shell and the differences in light transmission by other elements within it (Romanoff and Romanoff 1949). Transmitted-light methods have been employed for insects within cocoons by Cushman (1913) and Hanna (1935). A type of candling technique different from previous methods and which was developed in the Zoology Department, University of Guelph, enables N. sertifer cocoon content to be ascertained and is herein described.

Effects of Temperatures of Rearing on Reproduction of Aptesis basizona (Grav.) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 799-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thelma Finlayson
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Neodiprion Sertifer ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Pine Sawflies ◽  
European Pine Sawfly

Aptesis basizona (Grav.), a parasite of pine sawflies in Europe, was propagated at Belleville, Ont. (Green, 1938) for release against the European spruce sawfly, Diprion hercyniae (Htg.), the European pine sawfly, Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.) and other Diprionidae. Development of the insects in the laboratory was allowed to continue until feeding was completed and cocoons were spun, and was then retarded by placing the insects in cold storage pending shipment to release areas. Frequently stock for propagation was incubated after a period of cold storage, and occasionally the schedule was interrupted by decreases in the reproductive capacity of the adults. It seemed that there was some relationship between the fertility of the adults and the temperatures at which the immature stages were held, both while feeding and after they had reached the fully-fed stage. Experiments were initiated to investigate this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Genomic Characterization of a Novel Freshwater Cyanophage Reveals a New Lineage of Cyanopodovirus

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Yiliang He ◽  
Karina Yew-Hoong Gin
Keyword(s):  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Metabolic Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Auxiliary Metabolic Genes ◽  
Reading Frames ◽  
Tropical Freshwater ◽  
Core Genes

Cyanobacteria are one of the dominant autotrophs in tropical freshwater communities, yet phages infecting them remain poorly characterized. Here we present the characterization of cyanophage S-SRP02, isolated from a tropical freshwater lake in Singapore, which infects Synechococcus sp. Strain SR-C1 isolated from the same lake. S-SRP02 represents a new evolutionary lineage of cyanophage. Out of 47 open reading frames (ORFs), only 20 ORFs share homology with genes encoding proteins of known function. There is lack of auxiliary metabolic genes which was commonly found as core genes in marine cyanopodoviruses. S-SRP02 also harbors unique structural genes highly divergent from other cultured phages. Phylogenetic analysis and viral proteomic tree further demonstrate the divergence of S-SRP02 from other sequenced phage isolates. Nonetheless, S-SRP02 shares synteny with phage genes of uncultured phages obtained from the Mediterranean Sea deep chlorophyll maximum fosmids, indicating the ecological importance of S-SRP02 and its related viruses. This is further supported by metagenomic mapping of environmental viral metagenomic reads onto the S-SRP02 genome.

Virus Diseases of Sawflies

1955 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Bird
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Neodiprion Sertifer ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Pristiphora Erichsonii ◽  
Larch Sawfly ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
European Pine Sawfly

Although a virus disease of the larch sawfly, Pristiphora erichsonii (Htg.), has not been discovered, polyhedrosis viruses of several other Tenthredinids are known. They have been used to control infestations of two introduced species: the European spruce sawfly, Diprion hercyniae (Htg.), (Bird, 1954) and the European pine sawfly, Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffr.), (Bird, 1950, 1952, 1953; Dowden, 1953). Unfortunately, the viruses of these, as well as the viruses of several other species tested, are not pathogenic to the larch sawfly. Some viruses, however, appear to he pathogenic to more than one species. J. M. Burk of this laboratory found, for example, that a polyhedrosis virus affecting the native jackpine sawfly, Neudiprion americanus banksianae Roh., is pathogenic to N. sertifer, N. nanulus Schedl, and D. hercyniae.

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