scholarly journals Novel Hepatitis B Virus Genotype A Subtyping Assay That Distinguishes Subtype Aa from Ae and Its Application in Epidemiological Studies

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (14) ◽  
pp. 7575-7581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izumi Hasegawa ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka ◽  
Anna Kramvis ◽  
Takanobu Kato ◽  
Fuminaka Sugauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype A

ABSTRACT The eight genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have different geographical distributions, virological characteristics, and clinical manifestations. A unique subtype of HBV genotype A (HBV/A) was reported in sub-Saharan Africa, raising the possibility that patients infected with this subtype (HBV/Aa [“a” for African and Asian]) may have different clinical outcomes than other HBV/A isolates (HBV/Ae [“e” for European]). Comparison between 30 HBV/Aa and 30 HBV/Ae isolates indicated that almost all HBV/Ae isolates had G at nucleotide (nt) 1809 and C at nt 1812, whereas HBV/Aa isolates had T1809/T1812. Taking advantage of these two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), a novel subtype-specific PCR assay in the X/precore/core region was developed. This assay was combined with a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using BglII in a different region (nt 1984 to 1989), which has a SNP distinguishing HBV/Aa from HBV/Ae, resulting in 100% specificity for the combined assay. Application of the subtyping assay using sera from 109 paid donors in the United States indicated significantly different distributions of HBV/A subtypes among races; African-Americans, Caucasians, and Hispanics had HBV/Ae, whereas Asians had mainly HBV/Aa, suggesting that the HBV/Aa isolates may have been imported by recent immigration from Asia. In conclusion, the specificity and sensitivity of the combined subtyping assay were confirmed, and its usefulness was demonstrated in a practical context.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus genotype G epidemiology and co-infection with genotype A in Canada

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 3009-3015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Osiowy ◽  
Diane Gordon ◽  
Jamie Borlang ◽  
Elizabeth Giles ◽  
Jean-Pierre Villeneuve
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Average Sequence Divergence ◽  
Unusual Variant ◽  
Average Sequence ◽  
Genotype A

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype G (HBV/G) is an unusual variant, and little is known about its epidemiology and natural history, particularly the requirement for a co-infecting HBV genotype and their relationship during infection. This study investigated the quasispecies nature of co-infecting genotypes in 39 samples collected over a 6 year period from 13 HBV/G-infected patients. HBV/G infections were found to occur predominantly in males (92 %) and were primarily associated with male homosexual sex (67 %). All patients were infected with HBV/G and HBV/A, or a recombinant HBV/A/G strain. Co-infecting genotypic prevalence was often observed to fluctuate over time, with periods of HBV/G monoinfection in some patients. The average sequence divergence among Canadian HBV/G strains was 1.57±0.62 %. Thus, all HBV/G infections in Canada occur in the context of co-infection or recombination with HBV/A, and strains display increased sequence divergence compared with all known HBV/G sequences described to date.

Molecular characteristics of hepatitis B virus genotype a confer a higher response rate to interferon treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 15-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hou ◽  
R. Schilling ◽  
H.L.A. Janssen ◽  
R.A. Heijtink ◽  
R. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Interferon Treatment ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype A

scholarly journals Virological outcomes in patients infected chronically with hepatitis B virus genotype A in comparison with genotypes B and C

2005 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Kobayashi ◽  
Norio Akuta ◽  
Fumitaka Suzuki ◽  
Yoshiyuki Suzuki ◽  
Yasuji Arase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Virological Outcomes ◽  
Genotype A

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of a Precore-Defective Hepatitis B Virus Genotype D2 Strain Isolated in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Golzar Hossain ◽  
Md Muket Mahmud ◽  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Sharmin Akter ◽  
K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain Nazir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomic mutations affect viral replication, disease progression, and diagnostic and vaccination efficiency. There is limited information regarding characterization and mutational analysis of HBV isolated in Bangladesh. Here, we report the complete nucleotide sequence of a precore-defective HBV genotype D2 strain isolated in Bangladesh.

A new genotype of hepatitis B virus: complete genome and phylogenetic relatedness

Microbiology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieven Stuyver ◽  
Sija De Gendt ◽  
Caroline Van Geyt ◽  
Fabien Zoulim ◽  
Michael Fried ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Terminal Part ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Us ◽  
Genotype A

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype was determined in a total of 121 plasma samples collected in France and the US from patients chronically infected with HBV. HBV genotype A was predominant in this collection, appearing in 66 samples (54%), while genotypes B, C, D, E and F occurred in 4 (3%), 14 (12%), 23 (19%), 1 (1%) and 0 (0%) of samples, respectively. However, the genotype of a total of 13 (11%) samples (2 from France, 11 from the US) could not be determined with the methodology used. Sequence analysis, and subsequent phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome and the individual open reading frames, showed that the virus isolate from these samples was 3248 bp long and, phylogenetically, did not cluster with any of the known genotypes. This strain was provisionally called HBV genotype G. Virus isolates that were obtained from geographically separated regions like France and the US were closely related to each other. All virus strains analysed contained some characteristic differences when compared to genotype A: a translational stop codon at aa 2 and 28 of the preCore region; a 36 nt (12 aa) insert in the amino-terminal part of the Core antigen (HBcAg); a 2 aa deletion in the carboxy-terminal part of HBcAg; and a 1 aa deletion in the preS1 open reading frame. The deduced amino acid sequence of HBsAg suggests that this newly discovered genotype G strain belongs to serological group adw2.

scholarly journals Outbreak of Infections by Hepatitis B Virus Genotype A and Transmission of Genetic Drug Resistance in Patients Coinfected with HIV-1 in Japan

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fujisaki ◽  
Y. Yokomaku ◽  
T. Shiino ◽  
T. Koibuchi ◽  
J. Hattori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Genotype A

Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus genotype A from Argentina and Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Andrea Mbayed ◽  
Flavia Guadalupe Piñeiro y Leone ◽  
Silvana Claudia Pezzano ◽  
Rodolfo Héctor Campos
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype A

scholarly journals Phylogeny of African complete genomes reveals a West African genotype A subtype of hepatitis B virus and relatedness between Somali and Asian A1 sequences

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 2163-2167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Hannoun ◽  
Ann Söderström ◽  
Gunnar Norkrans ◽  
Magnus Lindh
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
West African ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Southern Asia ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Complete Genomes ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Genotype A

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause worldwide of liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma. There are eight known genotypes (A–H), of which genotype A has been divided into two subtypes: A2, prevalent in Europe, and A1, which is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, but also occurs in southern Asia. In this study, which includes 14 new complete genomes of non-European genotype A HBV, it was found that West African strains seem to constitute a new subgroup, A3. The high degree of genetic diversity within Africa indicates that genotype A originates from Africa. Based on a 2 % genetic distance between Asian and Somali sequences, it seems that the A1 subtype has spread from East Africa to southern Asia during the last 1000–2000 years. Moreover, it is proposed here that the A2 subtype originates from southern Africa and was imported to Europe around 500 years ago or later. The finding of T-1809/1812 close to the precore start codon and T-1862 and A-1888 in the precore region in HBV e antigen-positive children with signs of a mimimal immune response indicates that these substitutions are stable variants, rather than mutations emerging during infection in individual carriers.

scholarly journals Molecular Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus Genotype F in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Wolf ◽  
Thiago Kastell Mazeto ◽  
Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno Pereira ◽  
Daniel Simon ◽  
Vagner Ricardo Lunge
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype F

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype F evolution is not completely understood in Latin America. This study aims to evaluate the molecular evolution of HBV-F in Latin America by comparing 224 whole-genome sequences. Bayesian coalescent analysis was performed to estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor. Four main clades were formed dated back between 1245 and 1730. Also, four subclades were identified dated back between 1705 and 1801. HBV-F overall effective population size grew in the 18th century and showed an initial circulation of HBV-F from Venezuela to other countries from Latin America.

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