scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Geochemical indications for the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM-2) hyperthermals in terrestrial sediments of the Canadian Arctic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Reinhardt ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Ash Layer ◽  
Terrestrial Sediments

<div>Contains figures of most depleted δ<sup>13</sup>C values of selected early Eocene hyperthermals and age of volcanic ash layer MA-1 with graphical representation of error ranges. Additionally, tables of all δ<sup>13</sup>C data, organic carbon contents, thicknesses of clastic intervals, and details of U-Pb zircon analyses are provided.<br></div>

scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Geochemical indications for the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM-2) hyperthermals in terrestrial sediments of the Canadian Arctic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Reinhardt ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Ash Layer ◽  
Terrestrial Sediments

<div>Contains figures of most depleted δ<sup>13</sup>C values of selected early Eocene hyperthermals and age of volcanic ash layer MA-1 with graphical representation of error ranges. Additionally, tables of all δ<sup>13</sup>C data, organic carbon contents, thicknesses of clastic intervals, and details of U-Pb zircon analyses are provided.<br></div>

scholarly journals Geochemical indications for the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM-2) hyperthermals in terrestrial sediments of the Canadian Arctic

Geosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Reinhardt ◽  
Werner von Gosen ◽  
Andreas Lückge ◽  
Martin Blumenberg ◽  
Jennifer M. Galloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Isotope Data ◽  
Complete Section ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Terrestrial Sediments ◽  
Deformation Features ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Hydrological System ◽  
Hyperthermal Events

During the late Paleocene to early Eocene, clastic fluvial sediments and coals were deposited in northern high latitudes as part of the Marga­ret Formation at Stenkul Fiord (Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada). Syn-sedimentary tectonic movements of the Eurekan deformation continu­ously affected these terrestrial sediments. Different volcanic ash layers occur, and unconformities subdivide the deposits into four sedimentary units. Rare vertebrate fossils indicate an early Eocene (Graybullian) age for the upper part of the Stenkul Fiord outcrop. Here, we present carbon isotope data of bulk coal, related organic-rich mud and siltstones, a plant leaf wax-derived alkane, and additional plant remains. These data provide a complete carbon isotope record of one stratigraphic section with defined unconformity positions and in relation to other Eurekan deformation features. A previously dated ash layer MA-1 provided a U-Pb zircon age of 53.7 Ma and is used as a stratigraphic tie point, together with a discrete negative carbon isotope excursion found above MA-1 in a closely sampled coal seam. The excursion is identified as the likely expression of the I-1 hyperthermal event. Based on our isotope data that reflect the early Eocene dynamics of the carbon cycle, this tie point, and previous paleontological constraints from vertebrate fossils, the locations of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM-2) hyperthermals and their extent along the complete section are herein identified. Within the intervals of the PETM and ETM-2 hyperthermal events, increasing amounts of clastic sediments reached the site toward the respective end of the event. This is interpreted as a response of the fluvial depositional system to an intensified hydrological system during the hyperthermal events. Our study establishes an enhanced stratigraphic framework allowing for the calcula­tion of average sedimentation rates of different intervals and considerations on the completeness of the stratigraphic record. As one of the few high-latitude outcrops of early Eocene terrestrial sediments, the Stenkul Fiord location offers further possibilities to study the effects of extreme warming events in the Paleogene.

scholarly journals Lower Eocene sedimentary succession and microfossil biostratigraphy in the central northern Caucasus basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Shcherbinina ◽  
A. Iakovleva ◽  
Y. Gavrilov ◽  
O. Golovanova ◽  
N. Muzylev
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Lower Eocene ◽  
First Order ◽  
Early Eocene Climatic Optimum ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Sedimentary Succession

The lower Eocene sediments from the classical Paleogene section exposed along the Kheu River, northern Caucasus, southern Russia are here studied. This ca. 50m thick succession is lithologically contrasting: the lower and upper parts are composed by soft marls separated by a thick Radiolaria-rich unit of non-calcareous and low-calcareous mudstones with intercalations of compact cherty layers. According to nannofossil and dinocyst biostratigraphy, the unique intercalation of Total Organic Carbon (TOC)-rich sediment (sapropelitic bed) in the lower part of the lower Eocene correspond to the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and a series of sapropelitic interlayers in the upper marly part of the lower Eocene succession correlates with the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO). The study of nannofossil and dinocyst assemblages enabled detailed zonal subdivision and first-order calibration of nannofossil and dinocyst bio-events during this time-span. The studied interval of the section embraces the complete succession of nannofossil zones NP9-NP13 of Martini, 1971, CP8-CP11 of Okada and Bukry, 1980 and CNP11-CNE5 of Agnini et al., 2014. By means of dinocyst stratigraphy, the succession of Apectodinium hyperacanthum, Axiodinium augustum, Deflandrea oebisfeldensis, Dracodinium astra, Stenodinium meckelfeldense, Dracodinium varielongitudum, Ochetodinium romanum/Samlandia chlamydophora and Areosphaeridium diktyoplokum zones are identified in the Ypresian part of the Kheu section.

scholarly journals Paleocene-Eocene volcanic segmentation of the Norwegian-Greenland seaway reorganized high-latitude ocean circulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Hovikoski ◽  
Michael B. W. Fyhn ◽  
Henrik Nøhr-Hansen ◽  
John R. Hopper ◽  
Steven Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Subaerial Exposure ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Volcanic Facies

AbstractThe paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic development of the Norwegian–Greenland seaway remains poorly understood, despite its importance for the oceanographic and climatic conditions of the Paleocene–Eocene greenhouse world. Here we present analyses of the sedimentological and paleontological characteristics of Paleocene–Eocene deposits (between 63 and 47 million years old) in northeast Greenland, and investigate key unconformities and volcanic facies observed through seismic reflection imaging in offshore basins. We identify Paleocene–Eocene uplift that culminated in widespread regression, volcanism, and subaerial exposure during the Ypresian. We reconstruct the paleogeography of the northeast Atlantic–Arctic region and propose that this uplift led to fragmentation of the Norwegian–Greenland seaway during this period. We suggest that the seaway became severely restricted between about 56 and 53 million years ago, effectively isolating the Arctic from the Atlantic ocean during the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum and the early Eocene.

scholarly journals Volcanic ash layer depth: Processes and mechanisms

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 637-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Dacre ◽  
A. L. M. Grant ◽  
N. J. Harvey ◽  
D. J. Thomson ◽  
H. N. Webster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Layer Depth ◽  
Ash Layer

scholarly journals A Study on Appling the Expert System for Correlating Volcanic Ash Layer

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (12) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Kaichiro YAMAMOTO ◽  
Younosuke NAKAGAWA
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Ash Layer

scholarly journals Scaled biotic disruption during early Eocene global warming events

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4679-4688 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Gibbs ◽  
P. R. Bown ◽  
B. H. Murphy ◽  
A. Sluijs ◽  
K. M. Edgar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Carbon Release ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Extinction Events ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Late Paleocene and early Eocene hyperthermals are transient warming events associated with massive perturbations of the global carbon cycle, and are considered partial analogues for current anthropogenic climate change. Because the magnitude of carbon release varied between the events, they are natural experiments ideal for exploring the relationship between carbon cycle perturbations, climate change and biotic response. Here we quantify marine biotic variability through three million years of the early Eocene that include five hyperthermals, utilizing a method that allows us to integrate the records of different plankton groups through scenarios ranging from background to major extinction events. Our long time-series calcareous nannoplankton record indicates a scaling of biotic disruption to climate change associated with the amount of carbon released during the various hyperthermals. Critically, only the three largest hyperthermals, the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2) and the I1 event, show above-background variance, suggesting that the magnitude of carbon input and associated climate change needs to surpass a threshold value to cause significant biotic disruption.

scholarly journals Identification and correlation of distal tephra layers in deep-sea sediment cores, Scotia Sea, Antarctica

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Moreton ◽  
J. L. Smellie
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Deep Sea Sediment ◽  
Scotia Sea ◽  
Ash Layer ◽  
Tephra Layers ◽  
Major Oxide ◽  
Water Depths

Quaternary deposits in six sediment cores from the Scotia Sea, Antarctica, were examined for the presence of volcanic ash layers. The cores were recovered from water depths of 3369-4025 m. Altogether, 23 ash layers were found, 18 of which have been investigated by electron-probe microanalysis. Deception Island is identified as the source of all the ash layers analyzed. The upper ash layer in each core can be correlated across all six cores, over a distance of -100 km, on the basis of its unusual bimodal composition, major oxide geochemistry and stratigraphie position. Two other ash layers can also be correlated between several of the cores.

scholarly journals Quantifying uncertainties in marine volcanic ash layer records from ocean drilling cores

2014 ◽  
Vol 357 ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue H. Mahony ◽  
R.S.J. Sparks ◽  
Nick H. Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Ocean Drilling ◽  
Ash Layer
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