Use of Partially Thermally Coupled Distillation Systems and Heat Pumps for Reducing the Energy Consumption in the Extractive Distillation of an Isobutanol–Isobutyl Acetate Mixture Using Dimethylformamide

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Klauzner ◽  
D. G. Rudakov ◽  
E. A. Anokhina ◽  
A. V. Timoshenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Extractive Distillation ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Thermally Coupled Distillation ◽  
Isobutyl Acetate ◽  
Acetate Mixture

scholarly journals Energy saving in the extractive distillation of isobutyl alcohol–isobutyl acetate with n-butyl propionate

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
P. S. Klauzner ◽  
D. G. Rudakov ◽  
E. A. Anokhina ◽  
A. V. Timoshenko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Extractive Distillation ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Isobutyl Alcohol ◽  
Local Composition ◽  
Isobutyl Acetate ◽  
Vapor Recompression

Objectives. Determination of the effectiveness of using various types of heat pumps in the extractive distillation of an isobutyl alcohol–isobutyl acetate mixture with n-butyl propionate as the entrainer.Methods. As the main research method, mathematical modeling was performed using the Aspen Plus V. 9 software package. As a model for describing the vapor–liquid equilibrium, the local composition equation-based UNIQUAC model was employed, and the Redlich–Kwong model was adopted to examine the non-ideal vapor phase. When modeling the conventional scheme of extractive distillation, parametric optimization was carried out according to the criterion of total energy costs in the reboilers of the columns. For economical evaluation, Aspen Process Economic Analyzer V10.1 tools were employed. Results. In comparison with the conventional extractive distillation scheme, three variants of schemes with vapor-recompression heat pumps were considered: with a heat pump placed on an extractive distillation column, on an extractive agent regeneration column, and with two heat pumps placed on both columns of the scheme. A scheme with an internal heat pump was also proposed, in which the heat pump compressor is located between sections of extractive columns that operate at different pressures: 506.6 kPa in the top sections and 101.3 in the bottom section. An economic analysis was conducted for all the considered schemes to calculate the total annual costs. It was shown that schemes with vapor-recompression heat pumps can significantly reduce the energy costs of extractive distillation by up to 39.6%; however, a significant reduction in the total annual costs is achieved only with sufficiently long operation periods of the plants. The reduction in the energy costs in the scheme with an internal heat pump was 44%, and the total annual costs were in the range of 20.2–30.1%, depending on the operating time of the plant. Conclusions. It was shown that using heat pumps in the extractive distillation of the mixture of isobutyl alcohol–isobutyl acetate with n-butyl propionate as the entrainer can significantly reduce energy costs. The scheme with an internal heat pump is the most economical of all the considered schemes.

Saving Primary Energy Consumption Through Exergy Analysis of Combine Distillation and Power Plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Alhassan Salami Tijani ◽  
Nazri Mohammed ◽  
Werner Witt
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Saturated Steam ◽  
Distillation Unit ◽  
Primary Energy Consumption

Industrial heat pumps are heat-recovery systems that allow the temperature ofwaste-heat stream to be increased to a higher, more efficient temperature. Consequently, heat pumps can improve energy efficiency in industrial processes as well as energy savings when conventional passive-heat recovery is not possible. In this paper, possible ways of saving energy in the chemical industry are considered, the objective is to reduce the primary energy (such as coal) consumption of power plant. Particularly the thermodynamic analyses ofintegrating backpressure turbine ofa power plant with distillation units have been considered. Some practical examples such as conventional distillation unit and heat pump are used as a means of reducing primary energy consumption with tangible indications of energy savings. The heat pump distillation is operated via electrical power from the power plant. The exergy efficiency ofthe primary fuel is calculated for different operating range ofthe heat pump distillation. This is then compared with a conventional distillation unit that depends on saturated steam from a power plant as the source of energy. The results obtained show that heat pump distillation is an economic way to save energy if the temperaturedifference between the overhead and the bottom is small. Based on the result, the energy saved by the application of a heat pump distillation is improved compared to conventional distillation unit.

DETERMINING THE PROFITABILITY OF GREENHOUSE ELECTROTECHNOLOGIES: A MODELING APPROACH

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 249a-249
Author(s):  
Eric A. Lavoie ◽  
Damien de Halleux ◽  
André Gosselin ◽  
Jean-Claude Dufour
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Water System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Marketable Fruit

The main objective of this research was to produce a simulated model that permitted the evaluation of operating costs of commercial greenhouse tomato growers with respect to heating methods (hot air, hot water, radiant and heat pumps) and the use of artificial lighting for 1991 and 1992. This research showed that the main factors that negatively influence profitability were energy consumption during cold periods and the price of tomatoes during the summer season. The conventional hot water system consumed less energy than the heat pump system and produced marketable fruit yields similar to those from the heat pump system. The hot water system was generally more profitable in regards to energy consumption and productivity. Moreover, investment costs were less; therefore, this system gives best overall financial savings. As for radiant and hot air systems, their overall financial status falls between that of the hot water system and the heat pump. The radiant system proved to be more energy efficient that the hot air system, but the latter produced a higher marketable fruit yield over the 2-year study.

scholarly journals Pulp and Paper Industry: Decarbonisation Technology Assessment to Reach CO2 Neutral Emissions—An Austrian Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Maedeh Rahnama Mobarakeh ◽  
Miguel Santos Silva ◽  
Thomas Kienberger
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction

The pulp and paper (P&P) sector is a dynamic manufacturing industry and plays an essential role in the Austrian economy. However, the sector, which consumes about 20 TWh of final energy, is responsible for 7% of Austria’s industrial CO2 emissions. This study, intending to assess the potential for improving energy efficiency and reducing emissions in the Austrian context in the P&P sector, uses a bottom-up approach model. The model is applied to analyze the energy consumption (heat and electricity) and CO2 emissions in the main processes, related to the P&P production from virgin or recycled fibers. Afterward, technological options to reduce energy consumption and fossil CO2 emissions for P&P production are investigated, and various low-carbon technologies are applied to the model. For each of the selected technologies, the potential of emission reduction and energy savings up to 2050 is estimated. Finally, a series of low-carbon technology-based scenarios are developed and evaluated. These scenarios’ content is based on the improvement potential associated with the various processes of different paper grades. The results reveal that the investigated technologies applied in the production process (chemical pulping and paper drying) have a minor impact on CO2 emission reduction (maximum 10% due to applying an impulse dryer). In contrast, steam supply electrification, by replacing fossil fuel boilers with direct heat supply (such as commercial electric boilers or heat pumps), enables reducing emissions by up to 75%. This means that the goal of 100% CO2 emission reduction by 2050 cannot be reached with one method alone. Consequently, a combination of technologies, particularly with the electrification of the steam supply, along with the use of carbon-free electricity generated by renewable energy, appears to be essential.

Riqualificazione energetica e bioedilizia in Italia: lo stato dell'arte

2012 ◽  
pp. 74-88
Author(s):  
Livio de Santoli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Water Heaters

Building sustainability, in term of energy efficiency, low-impact building materials, renewable energy, has experienced significant growth during the past years. In response to the growing dependence on fossil fuels and importations, due in part to the increase of energy consumption in the residential sector (in 2009 46,9 Mtep, 3% more than 2008) and the recent European directives (i.e. EU 2009/28/CE) requiring CO2 emissions cut of up to 13% in 2020, there is interest in promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies, which are suitable for residential applications. In this paper we present an overview on actions related to minimization of buildings energy consumption in Italy. Prevalent line of action is to improve the energy performances of building envelope (Dlgs 192/05) using insulated frames, walls and roofs and replacing heat generators with condensing boilers. In addition to national directives, ONRE Report 2011 (National Observatory on building regulations) shows that 831 Municipalities (10% more than 2010) establish mandatory targets for insulation, photovoltaic solar panels, solar water heaters, heat pumps use, correct buildings orientation, saving of water resource and local materials use. In addiction an efficient energy rating of the buildings could promote the spread of energy efficiency measurement and consequently facilitate their implementation. The new energy rating system should meet international standards, regarding environment and energy aspects, and respect territorial needs.

Behavior and Performance of Refrigerant Mixture HFC125/HC290 in Heat Pumps

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Fan ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Huifan Zheng ◽  
Xianping Zhang ◽  
Di Xu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Refrigerant Mixture ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Binary Refrigerant

The refrigerant mixtures provide an important direction in selecting new environment-friendly alternative to match the desirable properties with the existing halogenated refrigerants or future use in the new devices, in which, HFCs refrigerants with zero ODP combined with HCs refrigerants with zero ODP and lower GWP are of important value in the fields of application. In the present work, research on HFC125/HC290 (25/75 by mass) binary refrigerant mixture used in heat pumps was carried out, and parameters, factors affecting the performance were investigated, and compared with that of HCFC22 under the same operating conditions. It has been found that the new mixture can improve the actual COP by 2 to 13% and hence it can reduce the energy consumption by 20 to 31.5%. The overall performance has proved that the new refrigerant mixture could be a promising substitute for HCFC22.

scholarly journals Systematic design of separation process for bioethanol production from corn stover

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suksun Amornraksa ◽  
Ittipat Subsaipin ◽  
Lida Simasatitkul ◽  
Suttichai Assabumrungrat
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Extractive Distillation ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Systematic Design ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Process Economics

Abstract Separation process is very crucial in bioethanol production as it consumes the highest energy in the process. Unlike other works, this research systematically designed a suitable separation process for bioethanol production from corn stover by using thermodynamic insight. Two separation processes, i.e., extractive distillation (case 2) and pervaporation (case 3), were developed and compared with conventional molecular sieve (case 1). Process design and simulation were done by using Aspen Plus program. The process evaluation was done not only in terms of energy consumption and process economics but also in terms of environmental impacts. It was revealed that pervaporation is the best process in all aspects. Its energy consumption and carbon footprint are 60.8 and 68.34% lower than case 1, respectively. Its capital and production costs are also the lowest, 37.0 and 9.88% lower than case 1.

Heat Pumps for Energy Saving of Building Hot Water Supply

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 587-590
Author(s):  
Qing Hai Luo ◽  
Zheng Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Hot Water Supply

This paper analyzes the energy consumption of hot water supply in buildings and the insurmountable shortcoming of low energy efficiency of conventional water heaters, and investigates the progress and problems of developing heat pump water heaters. It is pointed out that developing of heat pump water heaters is one of the efficient approaches to improve the energy efficiency of hot water supply.

Experimental Study of PCM Inclusion in Different Building Envelopes

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Castellón ◽  
A. Castell ◽  
M. Medrano ◽  
I. Martorell ◽  
L. F. Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Temperature Oscillation ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hvac System ◽  
Small House ◽  
Trombe Wall ◽  
Insulation Effect

The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate experimentally that it is possible to improve the thermal comfort and reduce the energy consumption of a building without substantial increase in the weight of the construction materials with the inclusion of phase change materials (PCM). PCM are a suitable and promising technology for this application. This paper presents an experimental setup to test PCM with various typical insulation and construction materials in real conditions in Puigverd de Lleida (Lleida, Spain). Nine small house-sized cubicles were constructed: two with concrete, five with conventional brick, and two with alveolar brick. PCM was added in one cubicle of each typology. For each type of construction specific experiments were done. In all cubicles, free-floating temperature experiments were performed to determine the benefits of using PCM. A Trombe wall was added in both concrete cubicles and its influence was investigated. All brick cubicles were equipped with domestic heat pumps as Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system; therefore, the energy consumption was registered, providing real information about the energy savings. Results were very good for the concrete cubicles, since temperature oscillation were reduced by up to 4°C through the use of PCM and also peak temperatures in the PCM cubicle were shifted in later hours. In the brick cubicles, the energy consumption of the HVAC system in summer was reduced by using PCM for set points higher than 20°C. During winter an insulation effect of the PCM is observed, keeping the temperatures of the cubicles warmer, especially during the cold hours of the day.

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