The Relationship of Dominance and Evenness with Productivity and Species Richness in Plant Communities with Different Organization Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Akatov ◽  
T. V. Akatova ◽  
C. G. Chefranov
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Organization Models

scholarly journals Stability in the plant communities of the Park Grass Experiment: the relationships between species richness, soil pH and biomass variability

1994 ◽  
Vol 346 (1316) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Rothamsted Experimental Station ◽  
Park Grass Experiment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biomass Variability

The Park Grass Experiment (PGE), begun at Rothamsted Experimental Station in 1856 and still running, affords a unique opportunity to test for the influence of species number and soil reaction on biomass variability in a suite of comparable plant communities. Biomass variability was measured by calculating the coefficient of variation ( CV ) over time of annual hay yield in an eleven-year moving window. CV and species number were both strongly negatively correlated with biomass; both relations were affected by time and pH. Multiple regression of CV on species number and mean biomass for nonacidified plots in 42 years between 1862 and 1991 showed a relationship between biomass and CV which was negative in most years and significantly so in nearly three quarters of them (30/42). We are unable to tell how much of this effect is intrinsic to the statistical relation between the mean and CV of biomass. Species number was negatively correlated with CV in 29/42 years, but this was statistically significant on only three occasions. Because this relation was highly significant in the year (1991) for which we have the largest sample size (34 plots), we tentatively conclude that biomass variability may be lower in more species-rich communities, although the effect is possibly a weak one. We suggest that physiological stresses imposed by low pH may explain the greater variability of plots with acidified soil. An increase in the variability of biomass that occurred across plots with time may be due in part to acidification across the whole experiment. Three hypotheses are proposed to explain the relationship between species richness and biomass variability: (i) biomass variability on more species-rich plots is better buffered against climatic variation because species differ in their response to climatic conditions: (ii) there are fewer species on plots with greater biomass variability because species have been lost by competitive exclusion in years when biomass reaches high values; (iii) species richness and variability are both correlated with a third variable, for example soil moisture deficit within a plot. All three hypotheses are susceptible to testing within the PGE.

scholarly journals Diversity and distribution of testate amoebae (Amoebozoa, Rhizaria) in reservoirs, Northeastern Bulgaria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Rositsa Davidova ◽  
Senay Sevginov
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Testate Amoebae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The aim of the study is to describe the testate amoebae fauna in seven reservoirs in the Northeastern Bulgaria and to investigate the relationship of taxonomic diversity and abundance of these organisms to the some characteristics of the reservoirs. A total of 52 species, varieties and forms belonging to 15 genera were identified in the benthal of the coastal zone. There are significant differences in species richness and abundance between the testacea of different reservoirs. Number of taxa was significantly higher in the Beli Lom (29 species and 12 genera) and Loznitsa (22 species and 13 genera). Most of the reservoirs - Kara Michal, Bogdantsi, Isperih, Lipnik and Brestovene have extremely poor fauna compared to other similar reservoirs. This is confirmed by the low values of the Shannon-Weaver diversity index, which varied between 1.04 and 2.396, as well as by the other indices used to assess the environmental conditions in the reservoirs. The data of the regression analysis showed that a relation between age, surface area and water volume of the reservoirs and the species richness and abundance of testacea is not established.

The relationship of coprophagy to fecal microbial species richness in neonatal foals

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
L.A. Strasinger ◽  
A.L. Fowler ◽  
S. Hayes ◽  
G.L. Gellin ◽  
M.D. Flythe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Microbial Species ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The underpinnings of the relationship of species richness with space and time

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Scheiner ◽  
Alessandro Chiarucci ◽  
Gordon A. Fox ◽  
Matthew R. Helmus ◽  
Daniel J. McGlinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The role of geography and host abundance in the distribution of parasitoids of an alien pest

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Nováková ◽  
Jaroslav Holuša ◽  
Jakub Horák
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Host Abundance ◽  
Alien Pest ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Chestnut Leaf ◽  
The Relationship

Chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) are probably the most effective and abundant parasitoids of the horse chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella), an alien pest in Europe that lacks specialized enemies. We studied how the species richness and abundance of chalcids are influenced by altitude, direction of an alien spread and host abundance ofC. ohridella. We quantified the numbers and species richness of chalcid wasps and the numbers ofC. ohridellathat emerged from horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaf litter samples collected from 35 sites in the Czech Republic. Species richness of chalcids, which was considered an indicator of the possible adaptation of parasitoids to this alien host, was unrelated toC. ohridellaabundance, direction of spread, or altitude. Chalcid abundance, which was considered an indicator of parasitism of the alien host, was strongly and positively related toC. ohridellaabundance. Chalcid abundance was negatively related to direction of spread and positively related, although in a non-linear manner, to altitude. The relationship of chalcid abundance with direction of spread and altitude was weaker than that withC. ohridellaabundance. The results provide evidence that biological control of the alien pestC. ohridellaby natural enemies might develop in the future.

scholarly journals Malpighiaceae de Colombia: Patrones de distribución, riqueza, endemismo y diversidad filogenética

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Diego Giraldo-Cañas
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Altitudinal Gradients ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Plant Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Malpighiaceae constitutes a family of 77 genera and ca. 1300 species, distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres. They are mainly diversified in the American continent and distributed in a wide range of habitats and altitudinal gradients. For this reason, this family can be a model plant group to ecological and biogeographical analyses, as well as evolutive studies. In this context, an analysis of distribution, richness, endemism and phylogenetic diversity of Malpighiaceae in natural regions and their altitudinal gradients was undertaken. Malpighiaceae are represented in Colombia by 34 genera and 246 species (19.1% of endemism). Thus, Colombia and Brazil (44 genera, 584 species, 61% of endemism) are the two richest countries on species of this family. The highest species richness and endemism in Colombia is found in the lowlands (0-500 m a.s.l.: 212 species, 28 endemics); only ten species are distributed on highlands (2500-3200 m a.s.l.). Of the Malpighiaceae species in Colombia, Heteropterys leona and Stigmaphyllon bannisterioides have a disjunct amphi-Atlantic distribution, and six other species show intra-American disjunctions. Both richness and endemism decrease with altitude (y = -0.061x + 173.57; R2 = 0.82; y = -0.009x + 27.76; R2 = 0.95, respectively). Amazonia (116 species, 4 endemics) and the Andes (89 species, 23 endemics) exhibit the highest richness among the family. In Colombia, 15 of the 19 clades among the family are represented, where the most diversified are the Stigmaphyllon clade (5 genera, 48 species, 10 endemics), the Byrsonima clade (3/39/5) and the Hiraea clade (3/31/9). The relationship of phylogenetic diversity with altitude is similar to the pattern of specific richness by altitudinal interval. Amazonia, Orinoquia, and Magdalena Valley show highest phylogenetic diversity. These results, combined with those of other highly diversified biological groups in the country, could be important to define and delimitate new priority areas for conservation in Colombia.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Soil Microbial Communities and Plant Communities on Different Slope Aspects in a Subalpine Coniferous Forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luoshu He ◽  
Suhui Ma ◽  
Jiangling Zhu ◽  
Xinyu Xiong ◽  
Yangang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose The local microclimate of different slope aspects in the same area can not only impact soil environment and plant community but also affect soil microbial community. However, the relationship between aboveground plant communities and belowground soil microbial communities on various slope aspects has not been well understood.Methods We investigated the above- and belowground relationship on different slope aspects and explored how soil properties influence this relationship. Plant community attributes were evaluated by plant species richness and plant total basal area. Soil microbial community was assessed based on both 16S rRNA and ITS rRNA, using High-throughput Illumina sequencing. Results There was no significant correlation between plant richness and soil bacterial community composition on the north slope, but there was a positive correlation on the south slope and a significantly negative correlation on the flat site. There was a significantly negative correlation between soil fungal community composition and plant total basal area, which did not change with the slope aspect. In addition, there was no significant correlation between plant community species richness and soil microbial species richness.Conclusions In subalpine coniferous forests, the relationship between plant-soil bacteria varies with slope aspect, but the plant-soil fungi relationship is relatively consistent across different slope aspects. These results can improve our understanding of the relationship between plant and soil microorganisms in forest ecosystems under microtopographic changes and have important implications for the conservation of biodiversity and forest management in subalpine coniferous forests.

The Relationship of Bog Stratigraphy to Climatic Change and Archaeology

1946 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Godwin
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Lake Deposits ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peat Stratigraphy

As a botanical field investigator for many years past interested in bogs and fens I have often had occasion to notice that these areas appeal very differently to different persons: to some I fear they do not appeal at all, and I fancy that many an archaeologist at heart prefers the dry chalk trench to the soaking black peat face. There are, however, such great advantages to be gained from the study of peat and lake-deposits in relation to archaeology that archaeologists increasingly realise the need for much fuller knowledge of the inherent character and properties of these deposits. Since such deposits are formed by the accumulation of plant-remains under water-logged conditions, and thus incorporate the remains of past generations of aquatic plant communities, it is evident that we shall need to consider the peat beds from the standpoint of the plant-ecologist already familiar with corresponding communities as they grow and form peat at the present day. It is therefore chiefly as an ecologist that I have sought to understand the problems offered by peat stratigraphy, and it is as such that I hope to convey something of the problems they concern.

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