Random errors in equilibrium composition of ternary liquid-liquid systems and their effect on the calculated number of theoretical stages of countercurrent extraction

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Ján Dojčanský ◽  
Soňa Bafrncová ◽  
Július Surový
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Composition ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Equilibrium Concentrations ◽  
Line Slope ◽  
Tie Line ◽  
Calculated Number ◽  
Countercurrent Extractor

The influence of size of random errors in the determination of ternary liquid-liquid equilibrium concentrations on the accuracy of the calculated number of theoretical stages of a countercurrent extractor is evaluated by using five hypothetical systems differing in the extent of mutual solubility of components, tie-line slope, and type of binodal curve.

Systematic errors in equilibrium composition of ternary liquid-liquid systems and their effect on the calculated number of theoretical stages of countercurrent extraction

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1172-1180
Author(s):  
Ján Dojčanský ◽  
Soňa Bafrncová ◽  
Július Surový
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Composition ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Countercurrent Extraction ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Equilibrium Concentrations ◽  
Line Slope ◽  
Tie Line ◽  
Calculated Number

The influence of magnitude of systematic errors in the determination of ternary liquid-liquid equilibrium concentrations on the accuracy of the calculated number of theoretical stages of countercurrent extraction is evaluated on using five hypothetical systems differing in the extent of mutual solubility of components, tie-line slope, and type of binodal curve.

The effect of systematic errors of the equilibrium distribution concentrations on the number of stages of countercurrent extraction with various consumption of extractant

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 981-989
Author(s):  
Ján Dojčanský ◽  
Soňa Bafrncová ◽  
Július Surový
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Mutual Solubility ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Countercurrent Extraction ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Line Slope ◽  
Tie Line ◽  
Calculated Number

On using five hypothetical systems differing in the extent of mutual solubility of components, tie-line slope, and type of binodal curve, the effect is evaluated of systematic errors in the form of absolute deviation in the liquid-liquid equilibrium distribution concentrations on the accuracy of calculated number of theoretical stages of isothermal countercurrent extraction under various operating conditions.

The effect of random and systematic errors of the equilibrium distribution concentrations on the number of stages of countercurrent extraction with various consumption of solvent

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1162-1174
Author(s):  
Ján Dojčanský ◽  
Soňa Bafrncová ◽  
Július Surový
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Mutual Solubility ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Binodal Curve ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Countercurrent Extraction ◽  
Line Slope ◽  
Tie Line ◽  
Calculated Number

On using five hypothetical systems differing in the extent of mutual solubility of components, tie-line slope, and type of binodal curve, the effect is evaluated of random and systematic errors in the liquid-liquid equilibrium distribution concentrations on the accuracy of calculated number of theoretical stages of isothermal countercurrent extraction under different operating conditions.

Statistics and parallaxes

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 7-29
Author(s):  
T. E. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Trigonometric Parallaxes ◽  
Systematic And Random Errors

This review paper deals with the use of statistical methods to evaluate systematic and random errors associated with trigonometric parallaxes. First, systematic errors which arise when using trigonometric parallaxes to calibrate luminosity systems are discussed. Next, determination of the external errors of parallax measurement are reviewed. Observatory corrections are discussed. Schilt’s point, that as the causes of these systematic differences between observatories are not known the computed corrections can not be applied appropriately, is emphasized. However, modern parallax work is sufficiently accurate that it is necessary to determine observatory corrections if full use is to be made of the potential precision of the data. To this end, it is suggested that a prior experimental design is required. Past experience has shown that accidental overlap of observing programs will not suffice to determine observatory corrections which are meaningful.

Excess entropy of the systems of molecules differing in size and shape

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Boublík
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Hard Spheres ◽  
Excess Entropy ◽  
Convex Bodies ◽  
Pure Substance ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
The Mean

The excess entropy of mixing of mixtures of hard spheres and spherocylinders is determined from an equation of state of hard convex bodies. The obtained dependence of excess entropy on composition was used to find the accuracy of determining ΔSE from relations employed for the correlation and prediction of vapour-liquid equilibrium. Simple rules were proposed for establishing the mean parameter of nonsphericity for mixtures of hard bodies of different shapes allowing to describe the P-V-T behaviour of solutions in terms of the equation of state fo pure substance. The determination of ΔSE by means of these rules is discussed.

Determination of vapor—liquid equilibrium diagrams of multicomponent systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Serafimov ◽  
Anastasia Frolkova
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Vapor Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Modeling ◽  
Component Systems ◽  
Full Structure ◽  
Concentration Simplex ◽  
Vapor Liquid

AbstractA method for the determination of vapor–liquid phase diagram structure of five-component systems based on the analysis of types and Poincare indexes of singular points of the geometric scan and full structure of the concentration simplex is proposed. Validity of the proposed method was demonstrated by vapor–liquid equilibrium modeling in five-component mixtures: ethanol + water + toluene + butanol + chlorbenzene and acetone + chloroform + ethanol + cyclohexane + water.

scholarly journals Determination of Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium from Total Pressure Measurement

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Nagahama ◽  
Seijiro Suda ◽  
Toshikatsu Hakuta ◽  
Mitsuho Hirata
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Vapor Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Vapor Liquid

Liquid-liquid equilibrium in the water-ethanol-toluene system. Experimental results

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Květuše Říčná ◽  
Jaroslav Matouš ◽  
Josef P. Novák ◽  
Vladimír Kubíček
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Azeotropic Mixture ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium

Liquid-liquid equilibrium at 5, 25, and 50 °C was measured in the water-ethanol-toluene system. Special attention was paid to the determination of distribution coefficient of ethanol. Besides, the composition and boiling point of azeotropic mixture at normal pressure were determined.

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