PO-0443 Long-term Neurodevelopmental Outcome Of Small For Gestational Age Premature Infants: Does Size Matter?

Small for gestational age (SGA) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) is difficult to define exactly. In this pregnancy condition, the fetus does not reach its biological growth potential as a consequence of impaired placental function, which may be because of a variety of factors. Fetuses with FGR are at risk for perinatal morbidity and mortality, and poor long-term health outcomes, such as impaired neurological and cognitive development, and cardiovascular and endocrine diseases in adulthood. At present no gold standard for the diagnosis of SGA/FGR exists. The first aim of this review is to: summarize areas of consensus and controversy between recently published national guidelines on small for gestational age or fetal growth restriction; highlight any recent evidence that should be incorporated into existing guidelines. Another aim to summary a number of interventions which are being developed or coming through to clinical trial in an attempt to improve fetal growth in placental insufficiency. Key words: fetal growth restriction (FGR), Small for gestational age (SGA)

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Premature small for gestational age infants fed an exclusive human milk-based diet achieve catch-up growth without metabolic consequences at 2 years of age

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2017-314547 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 104 (3) ◽

pp. F242-F247 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chonnikant Visuthranukul ◽

Steven A Abrams ◽

Keli M Hawthorne ◽

Joseph L Hagan ◽

Amy B Hair

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Composition ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Human Milk ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Insulin Level ◽

Metabolic Outcomes ◽

Catch Up

ObjectiveTo compare postdischarge growth, adiposity and metabolic outcomes of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) versus small for gestational age (SGA) premature infants fed an exclusive human milk (HM)-based diet in the neonatal intensive care unit.DesignPremature infants (birth weight ≤1250 g) fed an exclusive HM-based diet were examined at 12–15 months corrected gestational age (CGA) (visit 1) for anthropometrics, serum glucose and non-fasting insulin, and at 18–22 months CGA (visit 2) for body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsOf 51 children, 33 were AGA and 18 were SGA at birth. The SGA group had weight gain (g/day) equal to AGA group during the follow-up period. SGA had a significantly greater body mass index (BMI) z-score gain from visit 1 to visit 2 (0.25±1.10 vs −0.21±0.84, p=0.02) reflecting catch-up growth. There were no significant differences in total fat mass (FM) and trunk FM between groups. SGA had significantly lower insulin level (5.0±3.7 vs 17.3±15.1 µU/mL, p=0.02) and homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance (1.1±0.9 vs 4.3±4.1, p=0.02). Although regional trunk FM correlated with insulin levels in SGA (r=0.893, p=0.04), they had lower insulin level compared with AGA and no difference in adiposity.ConclusionsSGA premature infants who received an exclusive HM-based diet exhibited greater catch-up growth without increased adiposity or elevated insulin resistance compared with AGA at 2 years of age. An exclusive HM-based diet may improve long-term body composition and metabolic outcomes of premature infants with ≤1250 g birth weight, specifically SGA.

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One-Year Data from a Long-Term Phase IV Study of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in Short Children Born Small for Gestational Age

Biologics in Therapy ◽

10.1007/s13554-014-0014-4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hans-Peter Schwarz ◽

Dorota Birkholz-Walerzak ◽

Mieczyslaw Szalecki ◽

Mieczyslaw Walczak ◽

Corina Galesanu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Human Growth Hormone ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Recombinant Human Growth Hormone ◽

Human Growth ◽

Short Children ◽

One Year ◽

Phase Iv

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Eruption chronology of the first deciduous teeth in children born prematurely with birth weight less than 1500g

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/s0103-05822014000100004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 17-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pedro Garcia F. Neto ◽

Mario Cicero Falcao

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Deciduous Teeth ◽

Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽

Eruption Age ◽

Student’S T ◽

Student’S T Test

Objective: To describe the eruption chronology of the first deciduous teeth in premature infants with birth weight less than 1500g and to compare it according to gender and nutritional status at birth. Methods: Longitudinal study including 40 low birth weight premature infants of both genders. The tooth was considered erupted when the crown went through the gum and became part of the oral environment. The comparison of the eruption chronology in relation to gender and among children appropriate or small for gestational age was done by Student's t-test, being significant p<0.05. Results: The eruption of the first tooth (teeth) occurred, on average, with 11.0±2.1 months of chronological age and with 9.6±1.9 months corrected for prematurity. The first erupted teeth were the lower central incisors. The average eruption for males was 9.7±1.9 and, for females, 9.5±1.9 months, both corrected for prematurity (p=0.98). The average eruption in children with birth weight appropriate for gestational age was 10.1±1.4 months; for small for gestational age, it was 9.4±2.2, also corrected for prematurity (p=0.07). Conclusions: The average eruption age of the first teeth, corrected for prematurity, was 9.6 months. Sex and nutritional status at birth did not change the eruption chronology.

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