Association between autism symptoms and functioning in children with ADHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
pp. 922-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Leigh Green ◽  
Emma Sciberras ◽  
Vicki Anderson ◽  
Daryl Efron ◽  
Nicole Rinehart
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Autism Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Externalising Disorders

ObjectiveTo examine the association between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms and (a) social functioning, (b) mental health, (c) quality of life and (d) sleep in children with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodsParticipants were 6–10-year-old children with ADHD (N=164) and without ADHD (N=198). ADHD was assessed via community-based screening (wave 1) and case confirmation using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children IV (DISC-IV) (wave 2). ASD symptoms were identified using the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ). Outcome measures were social functioning (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)), mental health (DISC-IV, SDQ), quality of life (QoL, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0) and sleep problem severity.ResultsGreater ASD symptoms were associated with more parent and teacher-reported peer problems and emotional and conduct problems. For every SD increase in SCQ scores, internalising (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.6, p=0.001) and externalising disorders (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.1, p=0.02) increased, QoL decreased by 6.7 units (p<0.001), and moderate/severe sleep problems increased (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.2, p=0.04). Most findings held in analyses adjusting for socio-demographic factors, ADHD symptom severity and comorbidities (when not the outcome), with the exception of externalising disorders and sleep problems.ConclusionsASD symptoms are associated with poorer functioning in children with ADHD. It is important to identify and potentially manage ASD symptoms in children with ADHD given that they exacerbate functional impairments in this already vulnerable group.

scholarly journals Family Burden and Health Related Quality of Life of HIV Infected Individuals in Madurai, South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Thiruvalluvan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Family Burden ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
The Family ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Introduction: With the advent of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in 1996, HIV-infected patients are living longer and are concerned not only with treatment’s ability to extend their life butalso with the quality of the life they are able to lead, because, efficacy of treatment is strongly relatedto meaningful outcome i.e., better Quality of Life. Especially Health related quality of life has not been studied well. Hence, this study was necessitated with the objectives to evaluate Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in HIV infected persons on ART. The secondary objectives were to assess the family burden experienced by the families of HIV infected, and measure influence of family burden on overall quality of life.Methodology: The HIV infected individuals who were started on treatment six months prior to date of interview were considered for the study The SF36 (Short Form with 36 questions) was used to evaluate function and mental Health while Pai and Kapur’s Family Burden Interview schedule was used to assess family burden. Interview schedule was pre-tested on 10 HIV infected individuals for consistency. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 11 (SPSS inc. Chicago, IL, USA). Pearson product moment Correlation were computed to explore the relationships of SF36 with SLI, Family Burden and BMI. Further, Independent student “t” – test was performed to see the association between HRQoL and gender.Results: Of 91 participants interviewed 51.6% were women. Median age (years) of the respondents was 33. The overall mean score for Physical health was 45.13 SD (12.40) and for Mental health 56.91 SD (15.52). Age of HIV infected persons had significant influence in scores in social functioning (p-value .015), emotional well being scores (.015), and Mental health (.010). Socio life Index was directly related to physical health, mental health, Vitality, social functioning and emotional scores on HRQoL. Physicalhealth score was negatively affected by the Family burden score. Similarly, BMI status of the respondents correlated with Mental health, Body Pain, Vitality and Role emotional scores of HRQoL scale SF 36.Conclusion: Socio Life Index and BMI appear to be the two important predictors of HRQoL. Therefore, special attention may be required to HIV infected persons with lower SLI and BMI. Nutritional supplements, in addition to ART drugs, may be provided to ensure some improvements in physical functioning.SAARC J TUBER LUNG DIS HIV/AIDS, 2016; XIII(1), Page: 1-8

Effects of Panax Ginseng on Quality of Life

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M Ellis ◽  
Prabashni Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
General Health ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Health Status Questionnaire

OBJECTIVE: To assess the time-dependent effects of Panax ginseng on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) by use of a general health status questionnaire. METHODS: Subjects were randomized in a double-blind manner to P. ginseng 200 mg/d (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15) for 8 weeks. The Short Form-36 Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2), a validated general health status questionnaire, was used to assess HRQOL at baseline and at 4 and 8 weeks. HRQOL between the groups was compared by use of repeated-measures analysis of covariance. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in baseline demographics and SF-36v2 scores between the groups. After 4 weeks of therapy, higher scores in social functioning ( P. ginseng 54.9 ± 4.6 vs. placebo 49.2 ± 6.5; p = 0.014), mental health ( P. ginseng 52.2 ± 7.7 vs. placebo 47.2 ± 7.3; p = 0.075), and the mental component summary ( P. ginseng 51.3 ± 7.4 vs. placebo 44.3 ± 8.3; p = 0.019) scales were observed in patients randomized to P. ginseng; these differences did not persist to the 8-week time point. The incidence of adverse effects was 33% in the P. ginseng group compared with 17% in the placebo group (p = 0.40). Subjects given P. ginseng (58%) were more likely to state that they received active therapy than subjects given placebo (17%; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: P. ginseng improves aspects of mental health and social functioning after 4 weeks of therapy, although these differences attenuate with continued use.

Stress, Resiliency Factors, Quality of Life Among Caregivers of Children with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders (HFASDs)

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria K. Lee ◽  
Christopher Lopata ◽  
Martin A. Volker ◽  
Marcus L. Thomeer ◽  
Jennifer A. Toomey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
High Functioning Autism ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Age Range

This study investigated the relationships among stress, intrapersonal resiliency factors (self-esteem, locus of control, and optimism) and quality of life [QOL] (physical health and mental health) among caregivers of children with high functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASDs). Participants consisted of 113 caregivers of children with HFASDs (males = 38.1%, females = 61.9%; age range = 27–62; 93.6% Caucasians) and 47 caregivers of typically developing children (males = 29.8%; females = 70.2%; age range = 30–56; 93.3% Caucasians). They completed a set of self-rating surveys on perceived locus of control, self-esteem, optimism, and QOL. Within-group inferential statistical analyses were applied. For the HFASD group analyses, two simultaneous regression analyses were used to study the independent effects of the three intrapersonal variables on the physical health and mental health QOL of the caregivers. Intrapersonal factors predicted self-reported mental health QOL but not physical health QOL in caregivers of children with HFASDs.

Psychotic Disorders in Urban Areas: An Overview of the Study on Low Prevalence Disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assen Jablensky ◽  
John McGrath ◽  
Helen Herrman ◽  
David Castle ◽  
Oye Gureje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Personal Functioning ◽  
Low Prevalence

Objective: This paper reports on a study designed within the framework of the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing to: estimate the prevalence of psychoses in urban areas of Australia; identify profiles of symptomatology, impairments and disabilities; collect information on services received and needed; and explore quality of life issues in a broadly representative sample of people with psychotic illnesses. Method: The study was conducted over four areas in the Australian Capital Territory, Queensland, Victoria and Western Australia, as a two-phase survey: (i) a census and screening for psychosis of all individuals who made contacts with mental health services during a period of 1 month in 1997; and (ii) interviews with a stratified random sample (n = 980) of the screen-positive individuals (n = 3800) using a standardised instrument. Results: The point prevalence (1 month) of psychotic disorders in the urban population aged 18–64 is in the range of 4–7 per 1000 with a weighted mean of 4.7 per 1000. People with psychotic disorders experience high rates of functional impairments and disability, decreased quality of life, persistent symptoms, substance-use comorbidity and frequent side effects of medication. Although the utilisation of hospital-based and community mental health services, as well as of public and non-governmental helping agencies, is high, the majority live in extreme social isolation and adverse socioeconomic circumstances. Among the many unmet needs, the limited availability of community-based rehabilitation, supported accommodation and employment opportunities is particularly prominent. Conclusions: The so-called ‘low-prevalence’ psychotic disorders represent a major and complex public health problem, associated with heavy personal and social costs. There is a need for a broad programmatic approach, involving various sectors of the community, to tackle the multiple dimensions of clinical disorder, personal functioning and socioeconomic environment that influence the course and outcome of psychosis and ultimately determine the effectiveness of service-based intervention.

Gastrointestinal dysfunctions as a risk factor for sleep disorders in children with idiopathic autism spectrum disorder: A retrospective cohort study

Autism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1010-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena M McCue ◽  
Louise H Flick ◽  
Kimberly A Twyman ◽  
Hong Xian
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder

Sleep disorders often co-occur with autism spectrum disorder. They further exacerbate autism spectrum disorder symptoms and interfere with children’s and parental quality of life. This study examines whether gastrointestinal dysfunctions increase the odds of having sleep disorders in 610 children with idiopathic autism spectrum disorder, aged 2–18 years, from the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange research program. The adjusted odds ratio for sleep disorder among those with gastrointestinal dysfunctions compared to those without was 1.74 (95% confidence interval: 1.22–2.48). In addition, the odds of having multiple sleep disorder symptoms among children with gastrointestinal dysfunctions, adjusted for age, gender, behavioral problems, bed wetting, current and past supplements, and current and past medications for autism spectrum disorder symptoms were 1.75 (95% confidence interval: 1.10–2.79) compared to children without gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Early detection and treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunctions in autism spectrum disorder may be means to reduce prevalence and severity of sleep problems and improve quality of life and developmental outcomes in this population.

scholarly journals CHANGES OF LIFE QUALITY SCORE DEPENDING ON THE ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION DEGREE IN THE GENDER ASPECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
O.A. Alifer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
General Health ◽  
Role Functioning ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Vital Force ◽  
Quality Of Life Indicators

Relevance. Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases, for which currently the goal of therapy is not so much recovery as improving circulatory function with a satisfactory quality of life. Objective: to determine the impact of different degrees of hypertension on quality of life in female and male patients. Materials and methods. 126 patients with arterial hypertension underwent examination, including 86 women (68%), 40 men (32%) aged 40 to 81 years (mean age 61.9 ± 0.3 years). Arterial hypertension of I degree had 19 people (15.1%), II degree - 65 patients (51.6%), III degree - 42 people (33.3%). The control group consisted of 43 healthy individuals who did not differ from the main group in terms of demographics. Surveys of patients to assess the quality of life conducted with the questionnaire SF-36 (Short Form-36) at each follow-up. Quality of life indicators has value in points. Results. The analysis of quality of life indicators in the group of healthy people found that the level of quality of life in men is much higher than in healthy women: "physical pain", "role functioning" - P1-P2> 0.5; "Physical functioning" - P1-P2 <0.001; "Physical health" - P1-P2> 0.5, except for the scale "general health" - P1-P2 <0.05 (77.2 ± 3.02 vs. 63.75 ± 2.81). The comparison of the quality of life of patients with hypertension of I degree and patients with arterial hypertension of III degrees found reliable differences on the scales "Vitality" (P1-P3 <0.001), and "Social functioning" (P1-P3 <0.5). In patients with II and III degrees of arterial hypertension indicators of quality of life were low in themselves and differed on a scale "role functioning" of the questionnaire: "Vital force" (P2-P3> 0,5); "Role functioning" (P2-P3 <0.5); "Mental health" (P2-P3> 0.5). Patients with hypertension of the I degree in comparison with arterial hypertension of the II degree had reliably higher indicators of quality of life on scales "vital force" (80,0 ± 3,93 points) and "role functioning" (77,1 ± 4,04 points) ), but reduced indicators of "social functioning" and "mental health" (48.7 ± 7.35 and 47.41 ± 2.39 points, respectively). Patients with hypertension of I degree and III degree showed reliable differences on the scales "vital force" (P1-P3 <0.001) and "social functioning" (P1-P3 <0.5); and patients with hypertension of II and III degrees showed a significant decrease in all indicators of quality of life, especially on the scales "social functioning" and "mental health" (up to 31.5 ± 5.19 and up to 40.31 ± 2.23 points, respectively). Patients with hypertension of I degree had a decrease in general health (87.1 ± 3.16), physical function (82.6 ± 2.86), and physical pain (87.1 ± 3.16). Patients with II degree of hypertension had a significant reduction in role functioning (32.4 ± 5.19), physical pain, and general health (36.0 ± 6.12 and 42.26 ± 2.68 points, respectively). Conclusions. Hypertension significantly affects the quality of life. The state of health of patients with hypertension significantly limited their physical activity.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on quality of life, physical and psychosocial wellbeing in breast cancer patients and survivors – a prospective, multicenter cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia A Bargon CA ◽  
Marilot CT Batenburg ◽  
Lilianne E van Stam ◽  
Dieuwke R Mink van der Molen ◽  
Iris E van Dam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Emotional Functioning ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Psychosocial Wellbeing ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTPurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting social distancing and lockdown measures are having a substantial impact on daily life and medical management of people with breast cancer. We evaluated to what extent these changes have affected quality of life and physical, and psychosocial wellbeing of people (being) treated for breast cancer.MethodsThis study was conducted within the prospective Utrecht cohort for Multiple BREast cancer intervention studies and Long-term evaluation (UMBRELLA). Shortly after the implementation of COVID-19 measures, extra questionnaires were sent to 1595 cohort participants, including standard UMBRELLA quality of life (EORTC) questionnaires. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were compared to the most recent PROs collected within UMBRELLA before COVID-19. The impact of COVID-19 on PROs was evaluated using mixed models analysis.ResultsIn total, 1051 patients (66%) completed the questionnaires. One third (n = 327, 31%) reported a higher threshold to contact their general practitioner due to COVID-19. A significant deterioration in emotional functioning was observed (82·6 to 77·9, p < 0.001) and 505 (48%, 95% CI 45-51) patients reported moderate to severe loneliness. Small significant improvements were observed in QoL, physical-, social- and role functioning scores. In the subgroup of 51 patients under active treatment, there was a strong deterioration in social functioning (69·8 to 5·0, p = 0·03).ConclusionDue to COVID-19, patients (being) treated for breast cancer are less likely to contact physicians, and experience a deterioration in emotional functioning. Patients undergoing active treatment report a strong drop in social functioning. One in two patients reports (severe) loneliness. Online applications facilitating peer contact and e-mental health interventions could support mental health and social interaction times of total lockdown or social distancing.

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