Heroin-induced acute myelopathy with extreme high levels of CSF glial fibrillar acidic protein indicating a toxic effect on astrocytes

The purpose: to study the features of markers of lesion of nervous tissue and cytokines in patients with various forms of neurosyphilis. Material and methods. The complex clinical examination of patients with syphilis was carried out in the venereological department of the Clinical dermatovenerologic dispensary in Omsk in the period from 2015 to 2017, in order to identify signs of damage to the nervous system. Results: the presence of regularities and features in the deviation of the immune status in neurosyphilis was found. Conclusion. Analysis of the immunological changes in the cerebrospinal fluid showed that the level of interleukin 12p40 is significantly higher in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurosyphilis, while the maximum values of these indicators are in patients with manifest forms of pathology. In patients with neurosyphilis, the concentration of glial fibrillar acidic protein in CSF was statistically significantly increased then in comparison group.

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Expression of glial fibrillar acidic protein in the sensorimotor cortex of the cerebral hemispheres in the modeling of transient ischemia against the background of previous sensitization by brain antigen and immunocorrection

Pathologia ◽

10.14739/2310-1237.2017.3.118741 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 0 (3) ◽

Author(s):

L. M. Yaremenko ◽

A. N. Grabovoy ◽

S.E. Shepelev

Keyword(s):

Sensorimotor Cortex ◽

Acidic Protein ◽

Cerebral Hemispheres ◽

Transient Ischemia ◽

Brain Antigen ◽

Glial Fibrillar Acidic Protein

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Role of neuron-specific enolase, glial fibrillar acidic protein and NR2-antibodies in early diagnostic of ischemic stroke

Translational Medicine ◽

10.18705/2311-4495-2021-8-5-5-20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 5-20

Author(s):

A. D. Chaykovskaya ◽

M. P. Topuzova ◽

A. M. Makhanova ◽

A. G. Mikheeva ◽

D. S. Korotkova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Neuron Specific Enolase ◽

Acidic Protein ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Acute Period ◽

Biomarker Panel ◽

Short Term Outcome ◽

Glial Fibrillar Acidic Protein

Background. Application of a biomarker panel during the acute period of the ischemic stroke (IS) can contribute to a more accurate and prompter diagnostics and verification of the optimal approach to a patients’ management.Objective. We aimed to clarify values of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) and antibodies for NMDA receptor’s NR2-subunit (NR2-antibodies) in the acute period of IS, to compare with such values in patients without IS, to assess their relationship with severity of neurological deficit and short-term outcome and also to establish sensitivity and specificity of the biomarker panel.Design and methods. 63 patients with IS and 31 people (11 with chronic brain ischemia and 20 healthy individuals) as controls were included. Results. NSE and GFAP values in IS group exceeded reference values at the onset of disease, lowering significally by 10-14 day, while NR2-antibodies’ values were lower at the onset of the disease compared with controls, rising by 10-14 day. In patients with unfavourable short-term outcome higher levels of NSE, GFAP and NR2-antibodies were found. A panel of such biomarkers has higher sensitivity and specificity than each of them individually.Conclusion. Researched substances can be used in a biomarker panel for IS diagnostics, brain damage monitoring, patient’s condition evaluation and short outcome prognosing.

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Discriminative value of glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) as a diagnostic tool in acute stroke. Individual patient data meta-analysis

Journal of Investigative Medicine ◽

10.1136/jim-2020-001432 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 68 (8) ◽

pp. 1379-1385

Author(s):

Juan Antonio Cabezas ◽

Alejandro Bustamante ◽

Nicola Giannini ◽

Emilio Pecharroman ◽

Aristeidis H Katsanos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Individual Patient Data ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Patient Data ◽

Acidic Protein ◽

Medical Decision ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Stroke Severity ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Glial Fibrillar Acidic Protein

Glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) in serum has been evaluated as a promising biomarker to differentiate between intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We assessed its value as diagnostic and prognostic tool for ICH through a literature systematic review and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis.We performed a systematic search in PubMed database until November 2018 for publications that evaluated GFAP to differentiate AIS and ICH within 4.5 hours after symptoms onset. Thereafter, we invited authors of selected studies to participate in this work by providing IPD from their cohorts. We used standardized individual subject’s data to evaluate the association of GFAP concentrations with stroke subtype, demographics, stroke characteristics and factors related with GFAP measurement.From 4 selected studies, we collected data of 340 patients (236 AIS and 104 ICH). Standardized GFAP blood levels were significantly elevated in ICH compared with those with AIS (median and IQR: 0.84 (0.781–1.24), 0.79 (0.74–0.81); p<0.0001). In both stroke types, GFAP concentrations correlated with baseline stroke severity (r=0.27, p<0.0001; r=0.36, p<0.001; for AIS and ICH, respectively) but no correlation was found regarding time to sampling. Limited data precluded the evaluation of GFAP levels and functional outcome.These findings demonstrate substantially different levels of GFAP in the blood of patients with ICH compared with patients with AIS soon after the event, while no association was found with outcome. In summary, GFAP could be a valuable diagnostic tool to assist in medical decision-making and to optimize management of stroke in the acute setting.

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Neurotrophic factors concentration in rat brain at the experimental coma

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kmj1922 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 94 (5) ◽

pp. 695-699 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V A Kashuro ◽

E G Batotsyrenova ◽

N L Elaeva ◽

U N Savenko ◽

N V Lapina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neurotrophic Factors ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Protein S ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Acidic Protein ◽

Ethanol Administration ◽

S 100 ◽

Protein Serum ◽

Glial Fibrillar Acidic Protein

Aim. To study the changes of neurotrophic factors concentrations depending on stage of intoxication with deprivation substances (ethanol or sodium oxybutirate) in rats. Methods. Experiments were performed on male white laboratory rats. Control and experimental groups included 10 animals each. Half-lethal doses of a deprivation substance (ethanol or sodium oxybutirate) were introduced intraperitoneally 3, 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours before blood specimen collection. Neuron-specific enolase, S-100 protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, pigment epithelium-derived factor, glial fibrillary acidic protein serum levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Results. At single infusion of mean lethal dose of sodium oxybutyrate S-100 protein serum level significantly increased after 6 hours compared to control and stayed elevated during the first 24 hours. The levels of neurotrophic and neuroprotective factors also significantly increased 3 and 6 hours after the drug administration. The toxic dose of ethanol have significantly increased (over than 1.8 times compared to the controls) the concentration of protein S-100 in rats after 3 hours. The maximum increase in the protein S-100 level (by 2.6 times and over) was noted 12 hours after the toxicant administration. Glial fibrillar acidic protein concentration was 2.9 times higher compared to controls 3 hours after and 1.9 times higher 6 hours after higher the ethanol administration (р 0.05). The concentration of brain - derived neurotrophic factor has also increased from 3 to 12 hours after the toxicant administration, and was 2.1 to 2.4 times higher compared to intact animals. Conclusion. Studying of neurotrophic factors brain in plasma showed that the development of hypoxia, accompanying coma, leads to higher serum levels of S-100 protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial fibrillar acidic protein. The increase in the concentration of S-100 is a marker for the presence of brain damage. The observed increase of glial fibrillar acidic protein in experiments with ethanol may indicate its more severe brain tissue damage compared to sodium oxybutyrate.

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