Asymmetry of disciform scarring in bilateral disease when one eye is treated with radiotherapy.

Context.—Immunohistochemical (IHC) stains have known utility in prostate biopsies and are widely used to augment routine staining in difficult cases. Patterns in IHC utilization and differences based on pathologist training and experience is understudied in the peer-reviewed literature. Objectives.—To compare the rates of IHC usage between specialized (genitourinary; [GU]) and nonspecialized (non-GU) pathologists in extended core prostate biopsies (ECPBs) and the effects of diagnosis; and in cancer cases Gleason grade, disease extent, and perineural invasion on the rate. Design.—Consecutive ECPBs from 2009–2011 were identified and billing data were used to determine the number of biopsies and IHC stains per case. Diagnoses were mapped and in cancer cases, Gleason grade, extent of disease, and perineural invasion were recorded. Pathologists were classified as GU or non-GU on the basis of training and experience. Results.—A total of 618 ECPBs were included in the study. Genitourinary pathologists ordered significantly fewer IHC tests per case and per biopsy than non-GU pathologists. The rate of ordering was most disparate for biopsies of cancerous and benign lesions. For biopsies of cancerous lesions, high-grade cancer, bilateral disease, and perineural invasion decreased the rate of ordering in both groups. In cancer cases, GU pathologists ordered significantly fewer stain tests for highest Gleason grade of 3 + 3 = 6, for patients with focal disease and for patients with multiple positive bilateral cores. The effect of the various predictors on IHC ordering rates was similar in both groups. Conclusions.—Genitourinary pathologists ordered significantly fewer IHC stain tests than non-GU pathologists in ECPBs. Guidelines to define when IHC workup is necessary and not necessary may be helpful to guide workups.

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Does Age or Bilateral Disease Influence the Value of Hip Arthroplasty?

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research ◽

10.1007/s11999-011-2118-1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 470 (4) ◽

pp. 1073-1078 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Bryan M. Lawless ◽

Meridith Greene ◽

James Slover ◽

Young-Min Kwon ◽

Henrik Malchau

Keyword(s):

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Bilateral Disease

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Double trouble: Bilateral cerebral involvement in Sturge-Weber syndrome

South African Journal of Radiology ◽

10.4102/sajr.v19i1.760 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Narosha Adroos ◽

Janet Smal ◽

Farhana E. Suleman

Keyword(s):

Mental Retardation ◽

Intracranial Calcification ◽

Clinical Correlation ◽

Bilateral Disease ◽

Intractable Seizures ◽

Weber Syndrome ◽

Cerebral Involvement ◽

The Face ◽

Sturge Weber Syndrome ◽

Prognostic Implications

Sturge-Weber syndrome, also known as encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis or meningofacial angiomatosis, is characterised in its classical form by a congenital, usually unilateral, ‘portwine stain’ (capillary naevus) on the face, convulsions, typical intracranial calcification and some degree of mental retardation and hemiparesis. The clinical correlation of intractable seizures with the presence of bilateral intracranial disease has management and prognostic implications, thus making the presence of bilateral disease an important factor to all those involved in the management of the child with Sturge-Weber syndrome.

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Perilymph Fistula: An Important Cause of Deafness and Dizziness in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.80.4.524 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 524-528

Author(s):

Lorne S. Parnes ◽

Brian F. McCabe

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Bilateral Disease

This study underscores the importance of considering a perilymph fistula, an abnormal communication between the inner and middle ear, in any child with a progressive sensorineural hearing loss. A concomitant complaint of intermittent dizziness or observed spells of imbalance (56%) is another indication of the disease. Six of 16 patients (37.5%) with proven fistulas were less than 2 years of age at the onset of symptoms. Unless the fistula is identified and repaired by grafting, the ear may become totally deaf. This would be disastrous in the presence of bilateral fistulas, which occur commonly in children (56% of patients had symptoms of bilateral disease). Our experience in recognizing and treating fistulas and thereby saving and restoring hearing is described.

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Cryptorchidism

Pediatrics in Review ◽

10.1542/pir.5.10.317 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 317-319

Author(s):

Terry D. Allen

Keyword(s):

Endocrine Therapy ◽

Recent Work ◽

The Other ◽

Testicular Function ◽

Mechanical Problem ◽

Hormonal Stimulation ◽

Bilateral Disease ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Unilateral Cryptorchidism

Recent developments, particularly in the field of endocrinology, have substantially altered many conventional concepts about descended testis. The disease can no longer be viewed solely as a mechanical problem in descent, and there is an increasingly greater emphasis being placed upon the early resolution of the disorder in an effort to maximize ultimate testicular function. In this brief review, some of the controversies and current philosophies regarding this subject are explored. THE ENDOCRINOLOGIC QUESTION Although etiologic considerations in cryptorchidism have always included the possibility of inadequate hormonal stimulation, this concept has generally been overshadowed by one that emphasizes mechanical impediment to descent. This viewpoint seemed justified by the fact that endocrine therapy had never yielded more than modest results and by the feeling that it was difficult to account for unilateral cryptorchidism on the basis of a generalized endocrinopathy. After all, "if inadequate hormonal stimulation were the cause of maldescent of one testis, why did the other one descend?" The recent work of Job and associates in Paris, however, has shattered many of these arguments with the revelation that endocrine abnormalities can indeed be identified in patients with cryptorchidism and that furthermore these abnormalities canbe identified in patients with unilateral cryptorchidism as well as in those with bilateral disease.

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