Ocular complications in newly diagnosed borderline lepromatous and lepromatous leprosy patients: baseline profile of the Indian cohort

Background: Leprosy expresses itself in different clinico-pathological forms, depending on the immune status of the host.The diagnosis and classification of leprosy have traditionally been based on the clinical examination with additional information from skin smears and histopathological examination. Very often, disparities between clinical and histopathological findings are observed. This study was aimed to correlate between clinical and histopathological spectral correlation of newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy cases for a period of 1 year.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, for a period of 1 year. All newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy cases were included.Results: A total of 40 patients with clinically diagnosed multi bacillary leprosy were studied. Maximum numbers of leprosy patients studied were in the age group of 40-49 years. Maximum clinical and histopathological correlation was found in 75% (9/12) in lepromatous leprosy and least correlation of 44.44% was noted in borderline lepromatous (4/9).Conclusions: In this study maximal clinico-histopathological spectral correlation was found in lepromatous spectrum. The percentage of correlation was considerably less in all the other groups.

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Unusual non-trophic ulcerations in leprosy: A case series of 17 patients

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1177/0049475521998499 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 004947552199849

Author(s):

Prakriti Shukla ◽

Kiran Preet Malhotra ◽

Parul Verma ◽

Swastika Suvirya ◽

Abir Saraswat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Erythema Nodosum ◽

Case Series ◽

Lepromatous Leprosy ◽

Sweet Syndrome ◽

Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ◽

Leprosy Patients ◽

Atypical Presentations ◽

Neuropathic Ulcers

Non-neuropathic ulcers in leprosy patients are infrequently seen, and atypical presentations are prone to misdiagnosis. We evaluated diagnosed cases of leprosy between January 2017 and January 2020 for the presence of cutaneous ulceration, Ridley–Jopling subtype of leprosy, reactions and histologic features of these ulcerations. Treatment was given as WHO recommended multi-bacillary multi-drug therapy. We found 17/386 leprosy patients with non-neuropathic ulcers. We describe three causes – spontaneous cutaneous ulceration in lepromatous leprosy (one nodular and one diffuse), lepra reactions (five patients with type 1; nine with type 2, further categorised into ulcerated Sweet syndrome-like who also had pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, pustulo-necrotic and necrotic erythema nodosum leprosum) and Lucio phenomenon (one patient). Our series draws attention towards the different faces of non-neuropathic ulcers in leprosy, including some atypical and novel presentations.

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HLA-DQ molecules and the control ofMycobacterium leprae-specific T cell nonresponsiveness in lepromatous leprosy patients

European Journal of Immunology ◽

10.1002/eji.1830201027 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 20 (10) ◽

pp. 2347-2350 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Tom H. M. Ottenhoff ◽

Charlotte Walford ◽

Yasuharu Nishimura ◽

N. B. B. Reddy ◽

Takehiko Sasazuki

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Lepromatous Leprosy ◽

Hla Dq ◽

Leprosy Patients

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HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF WHO CLASSIFIED MULTIBACILLARY LEPROSY CASES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, SOUTH KERALA

10.36106/ijsr/9403958 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 32-34

Author(s):

Anita Sanker ◽

G Nandakumar ◽

Swapna Balkrishnan

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Epithelioid Cells ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Medical College ◽

Leprosy Patients ◽

Epidermal Atrophy ◽

Multibacillary Leprosy

There are signicant differences in the histopathology of leprosy lesions which is inuenced by the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Objective - To nd the histopathological changes in newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy(MB) cases registered in the skin department Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. Method- skin biopsy performed in 40 multibacillary leprosy cases and histopathological ndings were evaluated. 70% showed epidermal atrophy. Granulomas, composed of sheets of foamy macro Results- phages, lymphocytes and epithelioid cells, were seen in 21 cases & twenty two cases were AFB positive. Eight cases each were lepromatous, borderline tuberculoid, mid boderline, borderline lepromatous types. Conclusion- Presence of 60% cases of borderline leprosy indicates the unstable immune response in leprosy patients. Majority were either borderline lepromatous or lepromatous showing the infective nature of multibacillary leprosy. Histopathological examination with Fite- Foroco staining is a crucial method and the gold standard for accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy.

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