Preparing for sudden cardiac arrest--the essential role of automated external defibrillators in athletic medicine: a critical review

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 702-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Drezner
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators

scholarly journals The Role of Automated External Defibrillators in Athletics

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin D. Rothmier ◽  
Jonathan A. Drezner
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Athletic Programs ◽  
Early Defibrillation ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators ◽  
External Defibrillator

Context: Sudden cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in young athletes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of automated external defibrillators and emergency planning for sudden cardiac arrest in the athletic setting. Evidence Acquisition: Relevant studies on automated external defibrillators, early defibrillation, and public-access defibrillation programs were reviewed. Recommendations from consensus guidelines and position statements applicable to automated external defibrillators in athletics were also considered. Results: Early defibrillation programs involving access to automated external defibrillators by targeted local responders have demonstrated a survival benefit for sudden cardiac arrest in many public and athletic settings. Conclusion: Schools and organizations sponsoring athletic programs should implement automated external defibrillators as part of a comprehensive emergency action plan for sudden cardiac arrest. In a collapsed and unresponsive athlete, sudden cardiac arrest should be suspected and an automated external defibrillator applied as soon as possible, as decreasing the time interval to defibrillation is the most important priority to improve survival in sudden cardiac arrest.

scholarly journals Sudden Cardiac Arrest and Automated External Defibrillators

2003 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 975-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mithilesh K. Das ◽  
Douglas P. Zipes
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators

scholarly journals LO19: AED on the fly: A drone delivery feasibility study for rural and remote out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

CJEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. S13-S14
Author(s):  
I. Drennan ◽  
S. Cheskes ◽  
P. Snobelen ◽  
M. Nolan ◽  
T. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators ◽  
Lift Off

Introduction: Time-to-treatment plays a pivotal role in survival from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Every minute delay in defibrillation results in a 7-10% reduction in survival. This is particularly problematic in rural and remote regions, where bystander and EMS response is often prolonged and automated external defibrillators (AED) are often not available. Our objective was to examine the feasibility of a novel AED drone delivery method for rural and remote SCA. A secondary objective was to compare times between AED drone delivery and ambulance response to various mock SCA resuscitations. Methods: We conducted 6 simulations in two different rural communities in southern Ontario. During phase 1 (4 simulations) a “mock” call was placed to 911 and a single AED drone and an ambulance were simultaneously dispatched from the same location to a pre-determined destination. Once on scene, trained first responders retrieved the AED from the drone and initiated resuscitative efforts on a manikin. The second phase (2 scenarios) were done in a similar manner save for the drone being dispatched from a regionally optimized location for drone response. Results: Phase 1: The distance from dispatch location to scene varied from 6.6 km to 8.8 km. Mean (SD) response time from 911 call to scene arrival was 11.2 (+/- 1.0) minutes for EMS compared to 8.1 (+/- 0.1) for AED drone delivery. In all four simulations, the AED drone arrived before EMS, ranging from 2.1 to 4.4 minutes faster. The mean time for trained responders to retrieve the AED and apply it to the manikin was 35 (+/- 5) sec. No difficulties were encountered in drone activation by dispatch, drone lift off, landing or removal of the AED from the drone by responders. Phase 2: The ambulance response distance was 20km compared to 9km for the drone. Drones were faster to arrival at the scene by 7 minutes and 8 minutes with AED application 6 and 7 minutes prior to ambulance respectively. Conclusion: This implementation study suggests AED drone delivery is feasible with improvements in response time during a simulated SCA scenario. These results suggest the potential for AED drone delivery to decrease time to first defibrillation in rural and remote communities. Further research is required to determine the appropriate distance for drone delivery of an AED in an integrated EMS system as well as optimal strategies to simplify bystander application of a drone delivered AED.

The role of the witness of the incident and the role of the emergency medical dispatcher in out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudiusz Nadolny ◽  
Joanna Gotlib ◽  
Mariusz Panczyk ◽  
Lukasz Szarpak ◽  
Jerzy Robert Ladny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Emergency Medical Dispatcher

Abstract 147: AED on the Fly: A Drone Delivery Feasibility Study for Rural and Remote Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheldon Cheskes ◽  
Paul Snobelen ◽  
Shelley McLeod ◽  
Steven Brooks ◽  
Christian Vaillancourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Public Setting ◽  
Lift Off

Introduction: Time-to-treatment plays a pivotal role in survival from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Every minute of delay in defibrillation results in a 7-10% reduction in survival. Time to defibrillation is particularly problematic in rural and remote regions, where traditional bystander and EMS response is often prolonged and automated external defibrillators (AED) are often not available. The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of a novel AED drone delivery method for rural and remote SCA. A secondary objective was to compare times between AED drone delivery and ambulance response to various mock SCA resuscitations. Methods: We conducted four simulations to determine the feasibility of AED drone delivery to mock SCA resuscitations in a rural public setting in Ontario, Canada. During each simulation, a “mock” call was placed to 911 and a single AED drone and an ambulance were simultaneously dispatched from the same location to a pre-determined destination for a mock SCA. Once on scene, trained first responders retrieved the AED from the drone and initiated resuscitative efforts on a manikin until paramedics arrived. Results: The distance from dispatch location to scene varied from 6.6 kms to 8.8 kms. Mean (SD) response time from 911 call to arrive at mock code location was 11.2 (1.0) for EMS compared to 8.1 (0.1) minutes for AED drone delivery. In all four simulations, the AED drone arrived before EMS, ranging from 2.1 minutes to 4.4 minutes faster. Mean (SD) time from AED removal from drone to application to manikin by a trained responder was 35(5) sec. No difficulties were encountered in drone activation by dispatch, drone lift off, landing or removal of the AED from the drone by responders. Conclusions: This implementation study suggests AED drone delivery is feasible with improvements in response time during a simulated SCA scenario. These results suggest the potential for AED drone delivery to decrease time to first defibrillation in rural and remote communities. Further research is required to determine the appropriate distance for drone delivery of an AED in an integrated EMS system as well as optimal strategies to simplify bystander application of a drone delivered AED.

The Role of Bystander-initiated Basic Life Support in Sports-related Sudden Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braeden Hill ◽  
Nicholas Grubic ◽  
Dermot M. Phelan ◽  
Aaron L. Baggish ◽  
Paul Dorian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
Bystander Cpr ◽  
Median Rate

Background: Sudden cardiac arrest is the leading medical cause of death amongst athletes and a common cause of death during exercise. The provision of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automatic external defibrillator (AED) use by bystanders can greatly improve survival outcomes in sudden cardiac arrest. However, the effectiveness of these interventions within exertional settings requires further investigation. Objective: To evaluate the role of bystander-initiated CPR and AED use on survival outcomes amongst sports-related sudden cardiac arrest (SrSCA). Methods: Several databases and grey literature sources were queried from inception until November 2020 using a comprehensive search strategy. Abstract screening, full-text review, and data extraction of eligible studies were conducted independently by two reviewers. SrSCA was defined as a cardiac arrest which occurred during (or within 1-hour of) physical activity, sport, or exercise. Bystander CPR and AED rates, as well as appropriate survival outcomes, were extracted from each study, and overall summary measures were calculated. Results: A total of 2,850 unique records were identified, with 176 articles selected for full-text review, of which 32 studies were included in this review. The median rate of bystander CPR and AED use was 75% and 24%, respectively. Survival to hospital discharge ranged from 11%-93%, with a median rate of 33%. Conclusions: Majority of SrSCAs received bystander CPR and achieved a high rate of survival to hospital discharge, yet AED use was low. These findings encourage layperson education in basic life support, the availability of AEDs in athletic facilities, and emergency action plans to ensure timely resuscitation.

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