Covid-19: Lancet investigation into origin of pandemic shuts down over bias risk

Background: Periodontal disease is considered as a diabetes complication and has been suggested that periodontal treatment plus antibiotics should reduce glycated hemoglobin A, by reducing local production of pro inflammatory substances. Objective: To evaluate diabetic patients with periodontal disease under periodontal treatment plus topical antibiotics and reduction of HbA1c, compared to diabetic patients under periodontal treatment without antibiotics. Materials and Methods: Using PUBMED, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, EMBASE and Google Scholar data bases, were screened documents from 2008 to 2018. The documents included were the clinical studies, which included non-surgical periodontal treatment plus topical antibiotics, whose outcomes included the HbA1c report. Two independent researchers evaluate title; abstract and bias risk with Downs Black scale and Cochrane tool. Documents with a score higher than 15 on average by the two evaluators were included. Results: Five articles, which find inclusion criteria, were identified. Two documents failed to demonstrate statistically significant effect when compared to non-surgical periodontal therapy alone. Conclusion: In general a modest reduction of HbA1c was identified when using antibiotic therapy.

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Expectation Hypothesis Bias: Risk Aversion versus Stochastic Adjustments

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2417268 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Renato Franna ◽

Raquel M. Gaspar

Keyword(s):

Risk Aversion ◽

Bias Risk ◽

Expectation Hypothesis

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Non-operative orthobiologic use for rotator cuff disorders and glenohumeral osteoarthritis: A systematic review

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation ◽

10.3233/bmr-201844 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

David M. Robinson ◽

Christine Eng ◽

Steven Makovitch ◽

Joshua B. Rothenberg ◽

Stephanie DeLuca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Rotator Cuff ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Serious Adverse Events ◽

Bias Risk ◽

Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis ◽

Functional Outcome Measures

BACKGROUND: Shoulder pain from rotator cuff pathology and glenohumeral osteoarthritis is a common entity encountered in musculoskeletal practices. Orthobiologic agents are being increasingly used as a treatment option and understanding their safety and efficacy is necessary. OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the available evidence for orthobiologic use in rotator cuff and glenohumeral pathology. METHODS: A systematic review was undertaken following PRISMA guidelines. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies evaluating non-operative treatment with prolotherapy, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), or medicinal signaling cells (MSCs) for rotator cuff pathology and glenohumeral osteoarthritis were included. Bias risk assessments used were the Cochrane tool and Newcastle-Ottawa score. RESULTS: The search yielded 852 potential articles, of which 20 met the inclusion criteria with a breakdown of 5 prolotherapy, 13 PRP, and 2 MSC. Sixteen studies were RCTs and 4 were cohort studies. Six studies were deemed “low risk of bias or good quality”. Efficacy results were mixed, and no serious adverse events were reported from orthobiologic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Orthobiologics offer a relatively safe management option with inconclusive evidence for or against its use for rotator cuff pathology. No studies on glenohumeral osteoarthritis met the inclusion criteria. Adoption of standardized preparation reporting and consistent use of functional outcome measures is imperative for future studies to consider.

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Understanding Local Sea Level Rise Risk Perceptions and the Power of Maps to Change Them: The Effects of Distance and Doubt

Environment and Behavior ◽

10.1177/0013916517709043 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 483-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

David P. Retchless

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

College Students ◽

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Online Survey ◽

Local Communities ◽

Bias Risk ◽

Interactive Map ◽

Increases In Risk

Audiences that view sea level rise as a distant hazard or hold doubtful or dismissive beliefs about climate change in general may not be receptive to information about this hazard. This study explores how maps may address these challenges to sea level rise communication by making visible the impacts of sea level rise on local communities. Using an interactive map of sea level rise in Sarasota, Florida and an accompanying online survey, it considers how college students from nearby and far away from Sarasota, and with different views about climate change, vary in their risk perceptions. Results show that, consistent with spatial optimism bias, risk perceptions increased more from pre- to post map for respondents far away from Sarasota than for those nearby, while respondents who were initially doubtful or cautious about climate change showed larger increases in risk perceptions than those who were disengaged or alarmed.

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Revascularization versus apical barrier technique with mineral trioxide aggregate plug: A systematic review

Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia ◽

10.4081/j.gien.2018.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 9-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Luiz Alexandre Chisini ◽

Guillermo Grazioli ◽

Alejandro Francia ◽

Alissa Schmidt San Martin ◽

Flavio Fernando Demarco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Success ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Clinical Success Rate ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Radiographic Outcomes ◽

Bias Risk ◽

Radiographic Measurements ◽

High Bias ◽

The Mean

Aim: To compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes observed in Necrotic Immature Permanent Teeth (NIPT) after revascularization or apexification with MTA-apical plug. Methodology: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of science and Scopus were the databases used, up to July 30th, 2017, for article research. Independent reviewers read the titles and abstracts of all reports that met inclusion/exclusion criteria: prospective or retrospective clinical studies comparing the revascularization of root canal and apexification. Clinical success of therapies, deposition and thickening of lateral dentinal walls (root width) and the continuation of root development (root length) were investigated. Bias risk of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias. Results: From 1642 records, five papers fulfilled all inclusion criteria. Overall, 91 teeth were submitted to revascularization and 64 teeth to apexification with MTA. The mean follow-up was 23.2 months in revascularization and 21.8 in apexification. Clinical success rate was of 87.9% in the revascularization group and 90.6% in the apexification group. An increase on lateral dentinal walls thickening was observed in most revascularization cases (13%) while MTA as apical plug suggest a mild resorption of the root (1.3%). High bias risk was observed on included studies. Conclusions: Apexification with MTA-apical plug provides similar clinical success to revascularization. However, radiographic measurements showed an improvement in thickening of lateral dentinal walls in most of the revascularization cases in addition to a higher dental development. However, these results should be interpreted with caution.

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Empirical Research of the ISO 9001:2015 Transition Process in Portugal: Motivations, Benefits, and Success Factors

Quality Innovation Prosperity ◽

10.12776/qip.v22i2.1099 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 16 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Luis Miguel Fonseca ◽

José Pedro Domingues

Keyword(s):

Success Factors ◽

Transition Period ◽

Transition Process ◽

Iso 9001 ◽

Useful Knowledge ◽

Stakeholder Identification ◽

Bias Risk ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Status ◽

Research Gap

Purpose: With the transition period for ISO 9001 certified organisations to migrate to the 2015 edition ending 15th September 2018, this investigation aims to evaluate the status of ISO 9001:2015 transition process and provide useful knowledge on the corresponding motivations, benefits, and success factors.Methodology/Approach: An empirical study of more than 300 Portuguese organisations ISO 9001 certified, or in certification process, encompassing a wide range of activities sectors, was carried out.Findings: As of May 2017, 19% of the respondents already have ISO 9001:2015 certification and all the remaining one’s plan to complete the process in time. The principal reported benefits are risk-based thinking, mapping of the organisational context, and stakeholder identification. Simultaneously those were the issues that required more attention and effort to be mastered and implemented. Additionally, there is evidence that ISO 9001:2015 enhances both internal and external organisational issues and generates benefits for all the researched dimensions. Based on the respondents’ responses, organisations who claimed that external motivations were the primary drivers to ISO 9001:2015 implementation systematically rate higher all the benefits when compared with the rating ascribed by those organisations who claimed internal motivations. Moreover, it is possible to conclude that the perceived benefits from ISO 9001:2015 implementation and certification seem to be strongly influenced by two primary dimensions: the (smaller) organisation size and the (lesser) international presence.Research Limitation/implication: Due to ISO 9001:2015 novelty, the results of this investigation should be subject to future confirmation and replicated in other countries to allow a generalisation of the conclusions. Since the survey is based on the perceptions of the organisation’s Managers, there is a potential response bias risk that should be acknowledged.Originality/Value of paper: With more than 1.2 million ISO 9001 certified organisation worldwide, this a highly relevant issue both for organisations, practitioners and academics. Due to ISO 9001:2015 novelty, this investigation aims to fill this research gap.

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6 Managing bias risk in algorithms and decision models

Project Risk Management ◽

10.1515/9783110652321-007 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 117-134

Author(s):

Holmes E. Miller ◽

Kurt J. Engemann

Keyword(s):

Decision Models ◽

Bias Risk

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Compliance with brain trauma foundation (BTF) guidelines for management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients: systematic review and meta-analysis

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/cjn.2015.182 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (S1) ◽

pp. S40-S40

Author(s):

YH Khormi ◽

C O’Kelly

Keyword(s):

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Compliance Rate ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Bias Risk ◽

Brain Trauma Foundation ◽

Morbidity Data ◽

Current Guidelines

Background: TBI is a leading cause of death and disability. Management based on the BTF guidelines is widely accepted and thought to improve outcome. The objectives of this study were: 1) to review the rate of adherence to BTF guidelines; 2) to identify factors influencing adherence; and 3) to determine the effect of guideline-based management on outcome. Methods: We searched all electronic bibliographic databases. In duplicate and independently, two investigators screened titles, abstracts and articles to select appropriate studies reporting compliance rate, factors influencing compliance, and adjusted mortality or morbidity. Data extraction and assessment of bias risk were performed independently by both investigators. We excluded pediatric and military-related TBI studies. Results: A total of 30 articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria out of 1153 papers screened. Most are retrospective and cross-sectional observational studies; there were no randomized control trials. Preliminary analysis showed considerable variation in compliance rate with BTF guidelines ranging from 5.6-96%. Conclusions: Variation in the care of TBI patients persists across the world. Compliance with BTF guidelines was strongly influenced by implementing a guidelines-based protocol. Heterogeneity of the article prevents outcome assessment. Well-conducted study to support the existing literature of the beneficial effect of current guidelines is needed.

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Performance in the Deep Squat Test and musculoskeletal injuries: a systematic review

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/1980-5918.031.ao26 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Priscila dos Santos Bunn ◽

Glória de Paula Silva ◽

Elirez Bezerra da Silva

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽

Sports Teams ◽

Injury Prediction ◽

Bias Risk ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Deep Squat

Abstract Introduction: The Deep Squat Test has been applied in pre-season evaluations of sports teams and in military courses to predict the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Objective: To evaluate the association of DS performance and the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Methods: In this systematic review, a search without language or time filters was carried out in MEDLINE, SciELO, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscuss, CINAHL and BVS databases with the following title words: injury prediction, injury risk and deep squat in December 2016. Participants' profile, sample size, classification of musculoskeletal injuries, follow-up time, study design and results were extracted from the studies. Bias risk analysis was performed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: Five studies were included, using different analyzes, whose results varied. Odds ratio ranged from 1.21 to 2.59 (95% CI = 1.01 - 3.28); relative risk was 1.68 (95% CI = 1.50 - 1.87), sensitivity from 3 to 24%, specificity from 90 to 99%, PPV from 42 to 63%, NPV from 72 to 75% and AUC from 51 to 58%. Conclusion: The DS can be a test whose presence of movement dysfunctions is a predictor of the risk of musculoskeletal injuries in individuals who practice physical exercises. However, due to the methodological limitations presented, caution is suggested when interpreting such results. PROSPERO registration: CRD4201706922.

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