scholarly journals Levels and trends of childhood undernutrition by wealth and education according to a Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure: evidence from 146 Demographic and Health Surveys from 39 countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. e000206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Vollmer ◽  
Kenneth Harttgen ◽  
Roland Kupka ◽  
S V Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Childhood Undernutrition

scholarly journals The burden and correlates of childhood undernutrition in Tanzania according to composite index of anthropometric failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Gharib Khamis ◽  
Akwilina Wendelin Mwanri ◽  
Katharina Kreppel ◽  
Gideon Kwesigabo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Improve Design ◽  
Childhood Undernutrition ◽  
Female Headed Households

Abstract Background Undernutrition is a public health problem worldwide. Tanzania has made significant achievements in the reduction of childhood undernutrition over the past two decades. However, the exact burden of undernutrition was under-estimated when using conventional indices of stunting, wasting and underweight. The objective of this study was to determine the overall prevalence of undernutrition, describe the trends and examine the correlates associated with undernutrition among children under the age of five years using the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF). This study aims to understand the real burden and drivers of undernutrition to improve design, implementation and monitoring of appropriate interventions to emeliorate childhood undernutrition in the country. Methods We retrieved and analyzed the data of mother-child pairs from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS) of 1991, 1996, 1999, 2004-05, 2009-10, and 2015-16 using Stata and SPSS software. Data for 1991 to 2015 were used to determine the burden and trends of undernutrition. The recent TDHS surveys of 2004-05, 2010 and 2015-16 were used to determine the correlates of undernutrition. The main outcome of interest was undernutrition measured using CIAF. This is an aggregated index of conventional indices of stunting, wasting and underweight of children aged below 59 months. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify the correlates associated with CIAF, whereby both crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined. Results About one in every three (38.2%) of the surveyed children had anthropometric failure in 2015 compared to half of them (50%) in 1991. The odds of anthropometric failure were significantly higher for boys, older children, living in rural areas, living in poorer households, and being born with non-educated or undernourished mothers. Female-headed households were more likely to have children with anthropometric failure, while age of the household head was negatively associated with anthropometric failure. Children who were born at home, with low birth weight, or having episode of illnesses such as diarhea or fever were most likely to have anthropometric failure. Conclusion One in every three under 5 years old children are suffering from either one or multiple forms of anthropometric failure in Tanzania as revealed by CIAF. Multiple factors including those related to mothers, children and household socio-economic characteristics have the potential to influence childhood anthropometric failure. Efforts to reduce the burden of undernutrition should focus on reducing poverty and raising people’s living standards.

Changes in demand for children between 2003 and 2013 in Nigeria: Evidence from survey data

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Stella Babalola ◽  
Joshua O. Akinyemi ◽  
Clifford O. Odimegwu
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Desire ◽  
The North ◽  
Demand For Children

Abstract Nigeria has one of the highest fertility rates in Africa. Data from 2013 Demographic and Health Surveys indicate a virtual stagnation of fertility rate since 2003. Low contraceptive use and pronatalist attitudes are among the factors contributing to the high fertility rate in Nigeria. In this manuscript, we pooled data from three most recent waves of Demographic and Health Surveys to examine trends in demand for children over time and identify the factors associated with change in demand for children. The data show that demand for children has declined since 2003 although not monotonically so. Variables that were positively associated with increased likelihood of desiring no additional children were residence in the South-West (as opposed to residence in the North-Central), exposure to family planning (FP) messages on the mass media, number of children ever born, educational level, and urban residence. In contrast, uncertainty about fertility desire was more widespread in 2008 compared to 2013 although less widespread in 2003 than in 2013. The likelihood of being undecided about fertility desire was positively associated with discrepancies in family size desires between husband and wife, parity and Islamic religious affiliation. Programs should aim to increase access to effective contraceptive methods and promote demand for contraceptives as a way of fostering a sustainable reduction in demand for children. Furthermore, strategies that address uncertainty by fostering women’s understanding of the social and health implications of large family sizes are relevant.

scholarly journals Wasting and Associated Factors among Children under 5 Years in Five South Asian Countries (2014–2018): Analysis of Demographic Health Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4578
Author(s):  
Nidhi Wali ◽  
Kingsley E. E. Agho ◽  
Andre M. N. Renzaho
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Sampling Weights

Child wasting continues to be a major public health concern in South Asia, having a prevalence above the emergency threshold. This paper aimed to identify factors associated with wasting among children aged 0–23 months, 24–59 months, and 0–59 months in South Asia. A weighted sample of 564,518 children aged 0–59 months from the most recent demographic and health surveys (2014–2018) of five countries in South Asia was combined. Multiple logistic regression analyses that adjusted for clustering and sampling weights were used to examine associated factors. Wasting prevalence was higher for children aged 0–23 months (25%) as compared to 24–59 months (18%), with variations in prevalence across the South Asian countries. The most common factor associated with child wasting was maternal BMI [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for 0–23 months = 2.02; 95% CI: (1.52, 2.68); AOR for 24–59 months = 2.54; 95% CI: (1.83, 3.54); AOR for 0–59 months = 2.18; 95% CI: (1.72, 2.77)]. Other factors included maternal height and age, household wealth index, birth interval and order, children born at home, and access to antenatal visits. Study findings suggest need for nutrition specific and sensitive interventions focused on women, as well as adolescents and children under 2 years of age.

scholarly journals Time trends in socio-economic, urban-rural and regional disparities in prevalence of obesity among non-pregnant women in Lesotho: evidence from Lesotho demographic and health surveys (2004–2014)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betregiorgis Zegeye ◽  
Gebretsadik Shibre ◽  
Gashaw Garedew Woldeamanuel
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The growing rates of obesity in developing countries are alarming. There is a paucity of evidence about disparities of obesity in Lesotho. This study examined socioeconomic and area-based inequalities in obesity among non-pregnant women in Lesotho. Methods Data were extracted from the 2004, 2009 and 2014 Lesotho Demographic and Health Surveys (LDHS) and analyzed through the recently updated Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) of the World Health Organization. Obesity prevalence was disaggregated by four equity stratifiers, namely education, wealth, residence and sub-national region. For each equity stratifier, simple and complex as well as relative and absolute summary measures were calculated. A 95% confidence interval was used to measure statistical significance of findings. Results We noticed substantial wealth-driven (D = -21.10, 95% CI; − 25.94, − 16.26), subnational region (PAR = -11.82, 95%CI; − 16.09, − 7.55) and urban-rural (− 9.82, 95% CI; − 13.65, − 5.99) inequalities in obesity prevalence without the inequalities improved over time in all the studied years. However, we did not identify educational inequality in obesity. Conclusions Wealth-driven and geographical inequalities was identified in Lesotho in all the studied time periods while education related inequalities did not appear during the same time period. All population groups in the country need to be reached with interventions to reduce the burden of obesity in the country.

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