scholarly journals Tracking development assistance for health from China, 2007–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. e001513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela E Micah ◽  
Yingxi Zhao ◽  
Catherine S Chen ◽  
Bianca S. Zlavog ◽  
Golsum Tsakalos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Health System Strengthening ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Development Assistance For Health ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Current Context ◽  
International Engagement

IntroductionIn recent years, China has increased its international engagement in health. Nonetheless, the lack of data on contributions has limited efforts to examine contributions from China. Existing estimates that track development assistance for health (DAH) from China have relied primarily on one dataset. Furthermore, little is known about the disbursing agencies especially the multilaterals through which contributions are disbursed and how these are changing across time. In this study, we generated estimates of DAH from China from 2007 through 2017 and disaggregated those estimates by disbursing agency and health focus area.MethodsWe identified the major government agencies providing DAH. To estimate DAH provided by each agency, we leveraged publicly available development assistance data in government agencies’ budgets and financial accounts, as well as revenue statements from key international development agencies such as the WHO. We reported trends in DAH from China, disaggregated contributions by disbursing bilateral and multilateral agencies, and compared DAH from China with other traditional donors. We also compared these estimates with existing estimates.ResultsDAH provided by China grew dramatically, from US$323.1 million in 2007 to $652.3 million in 2017. During this period, 91.8% of DAH from China was disbursed through its bilateral agencies, including the Ministry of Commerce ($3.7 billion, 64.1%) and the National Health Commission ($917.1 million, 16.1%); the other 8.2% was disbursed through multilateral agencies including the WHO ($236.5 million, 4.1%) and the World Bank ($123.1 million, 2.2%). Relative to its level of economic development, China provided substantially more DAH than would be expected. However, relative to population size and government spending, China’s contributions are modest.ConclusionIn the current context of plateauing in the growth rate of DAH contributions, China has the potential to contribute to future global health financing, especially financing for health system strengthening.

scholarly journals Tracking Japan’s development assistance for health, 2012–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhei Nomura ◽  
Haruka Sakamoto ◽  
Maaya Kita Sugai ◽  
Haruyo Nakamura ◽  
Keiko Maruyama-Sakurai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Assistance ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Health System Strengthening ◽  
African Region ◽  
Development Assistance For Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Important Means ◽  
High Level ◽  
Sector Classification ◽  
Social Debate

Abstract Background Development assistance for health (DAH) is one of the most important means for Japan to promote diplomacy with developing countries and contribute to the international community. This study, for the first time, estimated the gross disbursement of Japan’s DAH from 2012 to 2016 and clarified its flows, including source, aid type, channel, target region, and target health focus area. Methods Data on Japan Tracker, the first data platform of Japan’s DAH, were used. The DAH definition was based on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (OECD) sector classification. Regarding core funding to non-health-specific multilateral agencies, we estimated DAH and its flows based on the OECD methodology for calculating imputed multilateral official development assistance (ODA). Results Japan’s DAH was estimated at 853.87 (2012), 718.16 (2013), 824.95 (2014), 873.04 (2015), and 894.57 million USD (2016) in constant prices of 2016. Multilateral agencies received the largest DAH share of 44.96–57.01% in these periods, followed by bilateral grants (34.59–53.08%) and bilateral loans (1.96–15.04%). Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) was the largest contributors to the DAH (76.26–82.68%), followed by Ministry of Finance (MOF) (10.86–16.25%). Japan’s DAH was most heavily distributed in the African region with 41.64–53.48% share. The channel through which the most DAH went was Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria (20.04–34.89%). Between 2012 and 2016, approximately 70% was allocated to primary health care and the rest to health system strengthening. Conclusions With many major high-level health related meetings ahead, coming years will play a powerful opportunity to reevaluate DAH and shape the future of DAH for Japan. We hope that the results of this study will enhance the social debate for and contribute to the implementation of Japan’s DAH with a more efficient and effective strategy.

scholarly journals Operational challenges of engaging development partners in district health planning in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusirye B Ukio ◽  
James Charles ◽  
Axel Hoffman ◽  
Albino Kalolo
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Health Priorities ◽  
District Health ◽  
Development Assistance For Health ◽  
Donor Coordination ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: Development assistance for health represents an important source of health financing in many low and middle-income countries. However, there are few accounts on how priorities funded through Development assistance for health are integrated with district health priorities. This study aimed at understanding the operational challenges of engaging development partners in district health planning in Tanzania Methods: This explanatory mixed methods study was conducted in Kinondoni and Bahi districts. A structured checklist to 35 participants collected quantitative data whereas a semi-structured guide collected qualitative from 20 key informants (the council health planning team members and the development partners) to obtain information related to engagement of development partners in the planning processes and subsequent implementation of the district plan. We used descriptive analysis for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data Results: Majority (86%) of the development partners delivering aid in the studied districts were Non Governmental Organizations. We found high engagement of Development partners (DPs) (87.5%) in Bahi district and very low in Kinondoni district (37.5%). Guidance on district priorities to be included in Development partner’s plans as part of the Comprehensive Council Health Plan (CCHP) was given to 36% of the Development partners. Submission of written plans to be integrated in the District plans was done by only 56% of Development partners, with majority (77.7%) from Kinondoni district not submitting their plans. Only 8% of the submitted plans appeared in the final District plan document. Qualitative findings reported operational challenges to engagements such as differences in planning cycles between the government and donors, uncertainties in funding from the prime donors, lack of transparency, limited skills of district planning teams, technical practicalities on planning tools and processes, inadequate knowledge on planning guidelines among DPs and poor donor coordination at the district level. Conclusions: We found low engagement of Development partners in planning. To be resolved are operational challenges related to differences in planning cycles, articulations and communication of local priorities, donor coordination, and technical skills on planning and stakeholder engagement.

scholarly journals Reinforcing locally led solutions for universal health coverage: a logic model with applications in Benin, Namibia and Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e004273
Author(s):  
Joël Arthur Kiendrébéogo ◽  
Andrea Thoumi ◽  
Keith Mangam ◽  
Cheickna Touré ◽  
Seyni Mbaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
International Development ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Global Health Community ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Universal Health

Development assistance for health programmes is often characterised as donor-led models with minimal country ownership and limited sustainability. This article presents new ways for low-income and middle-income countries to gain more control of their development assistance programming as they move towards universal health coverage (UHC). We base our findings on the experience of the African Collaborative for Health Financing Solutions (ACS), an innovative US Agency for International Development-funded project. The ACS project stems from the premise that the global health community can more effectively support UHC processes in countries if development partners change three long-standing paradigms: (1) time-limited projects to enhancing long-lasting processes, (2) fly-in/fly-out development support to leveraging and strengthening local and regional expertise and (3) static knowledge creation to supporting practical and co-developed resources that enhance learning and capture implementation experience. We assume that development partners can facilitate progress towards UHC if interventions follow five action steps, including (1) align to country demand, (2) provide evidence-based and tailored health financing technical support, (3) respond to knowledge and learnings throughout activity design and implementation, (4) foster multi-stakeholder collaboration and ownership and (5) strengthen accountability mechanisms. Since 2017, the ACS project has applied these five action steps in its implementing countries, including Benin, Namibia and Uganda. This article shares with the global health community preliminary achievements of implementing a unique, challenging but promising experience.

The relationship between development assistance for health and public health financing in 134 countries between 2000 and 2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan N Patenaude
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Financing ◽  
Development Assistance For Health ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper utilizes causal time-series and panel techniques to examine the relationship between development assistance for health (DAH) and domestic health spending, both public and private, in 134 countries between 2000 and 2015. Data on 237 656 donor transactions from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation’s DAH and Health Expenditure datasets are merged with economic, demographic and health data from the World Bank Databank and World Health Organization’s Global Health Observatory. Arellano–Bond system GMM estimation is used to assess the effect of changes in DAH on domestic health spending and health outcomes. Analyses are conducted for the entire health sector and separately for HIV, TB and malaria financing. Results show that DAH had no significant impact on overall domestic public health investment. For HIV-specific investments, a $1 increase in on-budget DAH was associated with a $0.12 increase in government spending for HIV. For the private sector, $1 in DAH is associated with a $0.60 and $0.03 increase in prepaid private spending overall and for malaria, with no significant impact on HIV spending. Results demonstrate that a 1% increase in public financing reduced under-5 mortality by 0.025%, while a 1% increase in DAH had no significant effect on reducing under-5 mortality. The relationships between DAH and public health financing suggest that malaria and HIV-specific crowding-in effects are offset by crowding-out effects in other unobserved health sectors. The results also suggest policies that crowd-in public financing will likely have larger impacts on health outcomes than DAH investments that do not crowd-in public spending.

scholarly journals Evolution and patterns of global health financing 1995–2014: development assistance for health, and government, prepaid private, and out-of-pocket health spending in 184 countries

The Lancet ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 389 (10083) ◽  
pp. 1981-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Dieleman ◽  
Madeline Campbell ◽  
Abigail Chapin ◽  
Erika Eldrenkamp ◽  
Victoria Y Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Development Assistance For Health

Knowledge Management for Development (KM4D)

2019 ◽  
pp. 392-401
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Flor
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
International Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Management Program ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Agencies

Knowledge management began in the private sector but has since been adopted by governments and international development agencies alike. In the mid-nineties, Stephen Denning established the Knowledge Management Program of the World Bank, which has served as the model for applying KM to international development assistance or KM4D. This chapter differentiates corporate KM from KM4D. It presents a typology and enumerates KM4D sectors and themes used by the international development assistance community in the past two and a half decades.

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