scholarly journals Patterns and injuries associated with orbital wall fractures in elderly patients who visited the emergency room: a retrospective case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. e011110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Jung Kim ◽  
Shin Ahn ◽  
Dong-Woo Seo ◽  
Chang Hwan Sohn ◽  
Hyung-Joo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals DOP57 Vedolizumab has similar efficacy rates in young and elderly patients: A binational, multicentre, retrospective case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S095-S097
Author(s):  
N A Cohen ◽  
N Plevris ◽  
U Kopylov ◽  
A Grinman ◽  
B Ungar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Young Cohort ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Remission Rates ◽  
Elderly Cohort ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is associated with multiple side effects, such as malignancies and infections, that may be more common in the elderly population. The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of vedolizumab (VDZ) in young and elderly patients. Methods This is a binational, multicentre, retrospective, case–control study consisting of patients from multiple centres in Israel and from Edinburgh, UK. IBD patients in whom VDZ treatment was initiated during 2015–2019, and were followed for at least 14 weeks, were included in the study according to their age groups: ≤40 years or ≥60 years. Patients were matched for disease duration, classification and severity. Results We recruited 144 patients (82 CD and 62 UC) to the elderly cohort and 140 patients (83 CD and 57 UC) to the young cohort. The respective average age was 70.2 ± 7.3 years and 29.6 ± 5.7 years. Elderly patients had significantly more cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory co-morbidities and had less prior exposure to anti-TNF agents compared with the young cohort (CD: 51% vs. 88%, p < 0.001; UC: 47% vs. 70%, p = 0.03). Clinical and endoscopic responses were comparable between the groups at Weeks 14 and 52 among elderly and young (Week 52 remission: CD: 40% vs. 35%, p = 0.7; UC: 48% vs. 51%, p = 0.84) (Figure 1). However, the use of more than one anti-TNF agent was an independent predictor of poor response and remission rates to VDZ at all time points among the elderly (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.03–0.69). A total of 49 adverse events were documented, 23 (16%) in the young cohort and 26 (18%) in the elderly cohort (p = 0.5). Overall there were significantly more infections in the elderly cohort (3 (2%) vs. 17 (12%), p = 0.002) and included nasopharyngeal, urinary, skin and Clostridium difficile infections. None of them was fatal but one patient stopped treatment due to urinary sepsis. There were significantly more non-specific adverse events such as headache and myalgia in the young cohort (8% vs. 2%, p = 0.03). Six patients (4%) in the young cohort required drug discontinuation due to adverse events compared with 4 patients (3%) in the elderly cohort (p = 0.5). The reasons for discontinuation were similar between the groups. Conclusion VDZ is equally effective in elderly and young IBD patients. This study shows an increased risk of overall infections in the elderly cohort, it is unclear whether these are related to VDZ treatment or the age and background diseases of these patients. In elderly patients, the use of VDZ before anti-TNF therapy may improve response and remission rates.

scholarly journals Association between intrahospital transfers and hospital-acquired infection among elderly patients: A retrospective case-control study in one urban UK hospital trust

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estera Boncea ◽  
Paul Expert ◽  
Kate Honeyford ◽  
Anne Kinderlerer ◽  
Colin Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Trust ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Control Study

AbstractBackgroundIntrahospital transfers have become more common as hospital staff balance patient needs with bed availability. However, this may leave patients more vulnerable to potential pathogen transmission routes via increased exposure to contaminated surfaces and contacts with individuals.ObjectiveThis study aimed to quantify the association between the number of intrahospital transfers undergone during a hospital spell and the development of a hospital-acquired infection (HAI).MethodsA retrospective case-control study was conducted using data extracted from electronic health records and microbiology cultures of non-elective, medical admissions to a large urban hospital trust comprising 3 hospital sites between 2016 and 2018 (n=24,239). As elderly patients comprise a large proportion of hospital users and are a high-risk population for HAIs, the analysis focused on those over 65-years old. Logistic regression was conducted to obtain the odds ratio (OR) for developing a HAI as a function of intrahospital transfers until onset of HAI for cases, or hospital discharge for controls, while controlling for age, gender, time-at-risk, Elixhauser comorbidities, hospital site of admission, dominant treatment function code, intensive care admission, total number of procedures, and discharge destination.ResultsOf the 24,239 spells, 2879 cases were included in the analysis. 72.2% of spells contained at least one intrahospital transfer. On multivariable analysis, each additional intrahospital transfer increased the odds of acquiring a HAI by 9% (OR 1.09; 95%CI 1.05 to 1.13).ConclusionIntrahospital transfers are associated with increased odds of developing a HAI. Strategies for minimising intrahospital transfers should be considered, and further research is needed to identify unnecessary transfers. Their reduction may diminish spread of contagious pathogens in the hospital environment.

Assessment of Craniofacial Morphology in Mouth Breathing Children. A retrospective case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3649-3653
Author(s):  
David Angelescu ◽  
Teodora Angelescu ◽  
Meda Romana Simu ◽  
Alexandrina Muntean ◽  
Anca Stefania Mesaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Oral Breathing ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Control Study

The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine a possible correlation between breathing mode and craniofacial morphology. The study was carried out in the Department of Pedodontics,Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The sample comprised 80 patients, age between 6 and 13 years, which were divided in two groups based on respiratory pattern: control group composed of 38 nasal breathing children and case group composed of 42 oral breathing children. Three quantitative craniofacial parameters were measured from the frontal and lateral photos: facial index, lower facial height ratio and upper lip ratio. The statistical analysis showed a significant higher facial index (p=0.006*) and an increase lower facial height (p=0.033*) for the oral breathers group. No differences in facial morphology were found between genders and age groups, when comparing the data between the same type of respiratory pattern children. Spearman�s rho Correlation show a significant positive correlation (p=0.002*) between facial index and lower facial height and a significant negative correlation between facial index and upper lip (p=0,005*). Long faces children are more likely to develop oral breathing in certain conditions, which subsequently have a negative effect on increasing the lower facial height by altering the postural behavior of mandible and tongue.

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