Risks of developing ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in relation to silica dust exposure in Sweden: a case–control study

ObjectiveTo determine whether occupational exposure to silica dust causes an increased risk of developing Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).DesignCase–control study of CD (K50) and UC (K51) from 2007 through 2016. Controls were matched to cases (2:1) based on age, sex and county at the time of diagnosis. A job exposure matrix was used to estimate the occupational silica exposure of all cases and controls.SettingMedical and occupational data from the National Outpatient Register were used to implement a case–control analysis, while the two controls used for each case were selected from the National Register of the Total Population.ParticipantsAll men and women aged 20–65 years old who were diagnosed with CD (K50) and UC (K51) during the years of study were included and assigned two controls, resulting in 58 136 cases and 116 272 controls.Main outcomesSilica dust exposure correlates with an increased risk of developing UC in men and CD in women.ResultsThe prevalence of UC was significantly higher in the group exposed to silica dust (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.21) than in controls, particularly in individuals with over 5 years exposure. When stratified by sex, a significantly increased OR was detected for men (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.22). This trend was also consistent with longer exposure times. The prevalence of UC was not increased in exposed women. The prevalence of CD was significantly increased among exposed women (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.65), but not for exposed men.ConclusionsSilica dust exposure correlates with an increased risk of developing UC, especially in men, and the risk seems to increase with the duration and degree of exposure. Conversely, silica dust exposure correlates positively with the risk of developing CD in women.

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Sarcoidosis and silica dust exposure among men in Sweden: a case–control study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038926 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. e038926

Author(s):

Pål Graff ◽

Johanna Larsson ◽

Ing-Liss Bryngelsson ◽

Pernilla Wiebert ◽

Per Vihlborg

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Older Men ◽

Case Control ◽

Dust Exposure ◽

Control Analysis ◽

Silica Exposure ◽

Silica Dust ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

ObjectiveTo determine whether occupational exposure to silica dust is associated with an increased risk of developing sarcoidosis.DesignCase–control study of all individuals between 20 and 65 years of age diagnosed with sarcoidosis (D86) in Sweden between 2007 and 2016. Controls were matched to cases (2:1) based on age, sex and county at the time of diagnosis. A Job Exposure Matrix was used to estimate the occupational silica exposure of all cases and controls.SettingMedical and occupational data from the National Outpatient Register were used to implement a case–control analysis, while the two controls used for each case were selected from the National Register of the Total Population. Information about occupation and time of employment were collected from the Swedish Occupational Register.ParticipantsAll men and women aged 20–65 years old who were diagnosed sarcoidosis (D86) from 2007 to 2016 were included and assigned two controls.Main outcomesSilica dust exposure correlates with an increased risk of developing sarcoidosis in men.ResultsThe prevalence of silica exposure at work was statistically significantly higher among male cases than controls (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.43). For men of an age of 35 years or younger the correlation seems to be stronger (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.87) than in older men (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.39). For men older than 35 with exposure to silica the prevalence of sarcoidosis increased with the exposure time, with an OR of 1.44 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.00) for exposure of more than 10 years.ConclusionsOccupational exposure to silica dust seems to increase the risk of sarcoidosis among men between 20 and 65 years of age. The risk is higher among exposed men 35 years or younger and older men with longer exposure (>6 years).

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Predicting a Change in Diagnosis From Ulcerative Colitis to Crohn’s Disease: A Nested, Case-Control Study

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology ◽

10.1016/j.cgh.2007.02.015 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 602-608 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Gil Y. Melmed ◽

Robert Elashoff ◽

Gary C. Chen ◽

Igor Nastaskin ◽

Konstantinos A. Papadakis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

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S3330 Increased Risk of Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in Celiac Disease Patients – A Nationwide Propensity Score Matched Case-Control Study

The American Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.14309/01.ajg.0000786852.10122.23 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 116 (1) ◽

pp. S1372-S1372

Author(s):

Maryam Haider ◽

Brinda Basida ◽

Adnan Malik ◽

Mahum Nadeem ◽

Paul Naylor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Celiac Disease ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Matched Case ◽

Matched Case Control Study ◽

Control Study

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O3C.4 Increases the risk of sarcoidosis by silica exposure? A case-control study

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oem-2019-epi.70 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A26.2-A26

Author(s):

Per Vihlborg ◽

Pål Graf ◽

Ing-Liss Bryngelsson

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Case Control ◽

Dust Exposure ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Job Exposure Matrix ◽

Silica Exposure ◽

Silica Dust ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

IntroductionSarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease with unknown etiology that involves the formation of granulomas, mainly in the lungs and/or intrathoracic lymph nodes. Hypothesis about the etiology of sarcoidosis are combination of genetic and environmental factors. Previous studies have linked exposure to silica dust with increased risk of sarcoidosis.ObjectA case-control study to investigate the silica exposure among Swedish sarcoidosis cases.MethodsThe data was collected from the National non-primary outpatient care register kept by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. All cases between the age of 20 and 65 with the diagnosis Sarkoidos-D86 according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) was included in the study (11 772 cases). The information was matched towards the register for cause of death and the register for emigration.For each case two controls were included matched for age, sex, was resident in the same county, should not be first degree relatives to cases and not have been diagnosed with the investigated disease using the Swedish Central Bureau of Statistics (SCB) multigeneration register. Cases and controls was matched against SCBs occupational registry for work profession. The levels of silica dust exposure were estimated using NOCCA-JEM (Nordic Occupational Cancer study job-exposure matrix) a modified version of the Finnish Information System on Occupational Exposure job-exposure matrix (FINJEM) which is a well-established method of estimating exposure.ResultCases of sarcoidosis have an increased exposure to silica before diagnosis (1.19; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.30).ConclusionThe increased exposure to silica among sarcoidosis cases suggest that silica can be an environmental factor that contribute to development of sarcoidosis.

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Predicting a Change in Diagnosis From Ulcerative Colitis to Crohn’s Disease: A Nested, Case-Control Study

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology ◽

10.1016/j.cgh.2007.03.010 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 525

Author(s):

G.Y. Melmed

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Appendicectomy, childhood hygiene, Helicobacter pylori status, and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a case control study

Gut ◽

10.1136/gut.43.4.494 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 494-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 130

Author(s):

A E Duggan ◽

I Usmani ◽

K R Neal ◽

R F A Logan

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Hot Water ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

H Pylori ◽

Control Study

Aims—To examine the relation between inflammatory bowel disease and appendicectomy, childhood domestic hygiene, andHelicobacter pylori infection.Methods—Case control study involving 213 patients with ulcerative colitis, 110 with Crohn’s disease, and 337 controls having elective surgery.Results—Nine patients with ulcerative colitis (4.5%) reported a previous appendicectomy compared with 57 controls (19%) (odds ratio (OR) 0.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1–0.4, p<0.0001). The inverse association was unaffected by excluding operations performed after the age of onset of ulcerative colitis and was stronger for appendicectomy performed before age 20 (OR 0.14). No association with appendicectomy was found for Crohn’s disease and no associations with tonsillectomy for either disease. The availability of a fixed hot water supply in early childhood (before age 11) was associated with Crohn’s disease (OR for hot water not always versus always available 0.56, 95% CI 0.3–0.9, p=0.02) but not with ulcerative colitis. No other aspect of domestic hygiene before or after age 11 was associated with either Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Although H pylori seroprevalence was positively associated with overcrowding (p<0.001) and the absence of running hot water in childhood it was not associated with the presence of either Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. H pyloriseroprevalence was no lower in patients who had been exposed to sulphasalazine than in controls or those not exposed.Conclusions—Our findings confirm the strong inverse association between previous appendicectomy and the development of ulcerative colitis and suggest that the protective effect is greater for appendicectomy performed in childhood.

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