scholarly journals Does theory of planned behaviour play a role in predicting uptake of colorectal cancer screening? A cross-sectional study in Hong Kong

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e037619
Author(s):  
Junjie Huang ◽  
Jingxuan Wang ◽  
Tiffany Wing-Yin Pang ◽  
Maggie Ka-Ying Chan ◽  
Sophia Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multivariable Regression

ObjectiveColorectal cancer (CRC) ranked second in terms of cancer mortality worldwide. It is associated with a substantial global disease burden. We aimed to examine whether the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) could predict the uptake of faecal immunochemical test to inform novel strategies for enhancing CRC screening participation in population-based programmes.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingsA Hong Kong-based and territory-wide telephone survey was conducted during the study period from October 2017 to November 2018.Participants4800 asymptomatic individuals aged 61–70 years who can communicate in Cantonese were recruited during the survey period. Those who had a history of CRC, chronic bowel inflammation, two or more first-degree relatives with CRC, and received colonoscopy in the past 10 years or faecal occult blood test in the past 5 years were excluded.Outcome measuresThe association between CRC screening uptake and the factors pertinent to TPB was analysed by univariable and multivariable regression models and the mediating effect of intention. We adjusted for age, gender, educational level, marital and working status, as well as household income.ResultsMultivariable regression analysis showed that high perceived behavioural control (adjusted OR (AOR)=12.35, 95% CI 8.21 to 18.60, p<0.001), high intention for CRC screening (AOR=7.86, 95% CI 6.60 to 9.36, p<0.001) and positive attitude towards CRC screening (accuracy and effectiveness: AOR=1.19, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.38, p<0.05; embarrassment and apprehension: AOR=4.27, 95% CI 3.13 to 5.82, p<0.001) were significantly associated with CRC screening uptake. Mediation analysis found that the effect of social norms on screening behaviour was primarily mediated by intention (83.2%), and this indirect, mediated effect accounted for 21.7% to 24.1% of total effects of other constructs in TPB on screening behaviour.ConclusionsThe variables pertinent to TPB could successfully predict CRC screening uptake. Promotion of CRC screening based on interventions that increase perceived behavioural control and behavioural intention could potentially enhance screening uptake. Further studies are needed to establish the cause and effect relationship among these variables and screening uptake, as well as to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of such interventions.

Wide variability in colorectal cancer screening uptake by general practitioner: Cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 096914132110357
Author(s):  
Cecilia Acuti Martellucci ◽  
Maria E Flacco ◽  
Margherita Morettini ◽  
Giusi Giacomini ◽  
Matthew Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake

Objectives Despite several interventions, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake remains below acceptable levels in Italy. Among the potential determinants of screening uptake, only a few studies analysed the role of general practitioners (GPs). The aim was to evaluate the variation in screening uptake of the clusters of subjects assisted by single GPs. Setting Ancona province, Central Italy. Methods Cross-sectional study, including all residents aged 50–69 years, who were offered the public screening programme with biannual faecal immunochemical tests. Demographic (of all GPs) and screening data (of all eligible residents) for years 2018–2019 were collected from the official electronic datasets of the Ancona Local Health Unit. The potential predictors of acceptable screening uptake, including GP's gender, age, and number of registered subjects, were evaluated using random-effect logistic regression, with geographical area as the cluster unit. Results The final sample consisted of 332 GP clusters, including 120,178 eligible subjects. The overall province uptake was 38.0% ± 10.7%. The uptake was lower than 30% in one-fifth of the GP clusters, and higher than 45% in another fifth. At multivariable analysis, the significant predictors of uptake were younger GP age ( p = 0.010) and lower number of registered subjects ( p < 0.001). None of the GP clusters with 500 subjects or more showed an uptake ≥45%. Conclusions The wide variation across GPs suggests they might substantially influence screening uptake, highlighting a potential need to increase their commitment to CRC screening. Further research is needed to confirm the role of the number of registered subjects.

scholarly journals Dentists’ intention to report suspected violence: a cross-sectional study in eight Arab countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e019786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha El Tantawi ◽  
Balgis Gaffar ◽  
Arheiam Arheiam ◽  
Wafaa AbdelAziz ◽  
Ola B Al-Batayneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Perceived Ability ◽  
Professional Attitude ◽  
The Mean

ObjectivesThis study assessed dentists’ intention in eight Arab countries to report suspected exposure to violence among patients and factors associated with this intention based on the theory of planned behaviour.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 including a convenience sample of dentists practising in public, private and academic sectors in Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Palestine, Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Respondents answered a self-administered questionnaire collecting information about personal and professional background and perceived ability to identify victims of violence. The questionnaire assessed (on a scale from 1 to 10 using six negative statements) dentists’ perception of healthcare system mandated reporting of suspected violence. Six statements were used to assess professional attitude towards reporting suspected violence. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between intention to report suspected violence and perceived ability, perception and attitude adjusting for confounders.ResultsThe response rate was 65.2% (n=2936/4506) from general practitioners (70.9%) of mean age=31 years with 56.7% women. Of those, 68.8% intended to report and 52.2% considered themselves able to identify violence victims. The mean (SD) negative perception score=5.3/10 (2.1) and the mean (SD) professional attitude score=7.5/10 (1.9). In multivariate regression, intention to report was associated with professional attitude (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.14), ability to identify violence victims (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.12) and negative perception that reporting is not mandated (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.94). Significant differences existed among countries in intention to report.ConclusionMost dentists intended to report suspected violence and their intention could be explained by the theory of planned behaviour which offers a framework for professional development to support violence victims. Sharing of training resources, policies and guidelines is needed to ensure that practices similar to international guidelines are consistently adopted by dentists across Arab countries.

scholarly journals Using an extended theory of planned behaviour to predict smoking cessation counsellors’ intentions to offer smoking cessation support in the Taiwanese military: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e026203
Author(s):  
Yu-Lung Chiu ◽  
Yu-Ching Chou ◽  
Yaw-Wen Chang ◽  
Chi-Ming Chu ◽  
Fu-Gong Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Extended Theory

ObjectivesTo use the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to predict smoking cessation counsellors’ intentions to offer smoking cessation support.DesignCross-sectional studySettingTaiwanese militaryParticipantsA survey of 432 smoking cessation counsellors was conducted in 2017.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAll participants completed a self-administered questionnaire that solicited information concerning demographics, smoking behaviour, self-rated suitability for being a counsellor, the knowledge and skills learnt from training courses and the TPB construct.ResultsThe factors of perceived behavioural control (β=0.590, p<0.001), self-rated suitability for being a counsellor (acceptable vs not suitable, β=0.436, p=0.001; suitable vs not suitable, β=0.510, p<0.001), knowledge (β=0.298, p=0.020) and professional specialty (military doctor vs non-military doctor, β=0.198, p=0.034) were found to be correlated with intention. However, attitude, subjective norms and descriptive norms were determined to be non-significant correlates. The model explained 59.7% of the variance for the intention to offer smoking cessation support (F[12,343]=44.864, p<0.001).ConclusionsTo encourage smoking cessation counsellors to offer cessation support to smokers, policies should aim to increase their perceived behavioural control, knowledge and self-rated suitability for being a counsellor.

scholarly journals Detection of cancers and advanced adenomas in asymptomatic participants in colorectal cancer screening: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e048183
Author(s):  
Anna Lisa Schult ◽  
Edoardo Botteri ◽  
Geir Hoff ◽  
Kristin R Randel ◽  
Eirin Dalén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Advanced Adenoma ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Bowel Symptoms ◽  
Bowel Habits ◽  
Advanced Adenomas

ObjectivesTo assess detection rates for colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced adenomas in asymptomatic CRC screening participants and bowel symptoms in association with CRC and advanced adenoma.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTwo screening centres.Participants42 554 men and women, aged 50–74 years, participating in a randomised CRC screening trial. 36 059 participants underwent a sigmoidoscopy (and follow-up colonoscopy if positive sigmoidoscopy) and 6495 underwent a colonoscopy after a positive faecal immunochemical test (FIT).Primary and secondary outcome measuresProportion of asymptomatic participants diagnosed with CRC or advanced adenomas. Prevalence of bowel symptoms (rectal bleeding, change in bowel habits, diarrhoea, constipation, bloating, alternating bowel habits, general symptoms, other bowel symptoms) recorded by the endoscopist and their association with CRC and advanced adenomas.ResultsAmong sigmoidoscopy participants, 7336 (20.3%) reported at least one symptom. 120 (60%) out of 200 individuals with screen-detected CRC and 1301 (76.5%) out of 1700 with advanced adenoma were asymptomatic. Rectal bleeding was associated with detection of CRC and advanced adenoma (OR 4.3, 95% CI 3.1 to 6.1 and 1.8, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.1, respectively), while change in bowel habits only with CRC detection (OR 3.8, 95% CI 2.4 to 6.1). Among the FIT positives, 2173 (33.5%) reported at least one symptom. Out of 299 individuals with screen-detected CRC and 1639 with advanced adenoma, 167 (55.9%) and 1 175 (71.7%) were asymptomatic, respectively. Detection of CRC was associated with rectal bleeding (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4 to 2.3), change in bowel habits (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.5) and abdominal pain (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.7).ConclusionsSome bowel symptoms increased the likelihood of being diagnosed with CRC or advanced adenoma. However, the majority of individuals with these findings were asymptomatic. Asymptomatic individuals should be encouraged to participate in CRC screening.Trial registration numberClinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01538550.

scholarly journals Awareness, attitude and barriers of colorectal cancer screening among high-risk populations in China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e045168
Author(s):  
Ruo-lin Huang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Ying-xin Wang ◽  
Jin-yu Zou ◽  
Li-feng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Risk Populations

ObjectiveTo assess the awareness, attitude and barriers of colorectal cancer screening among high-risk populations in China.DesignA cross-sectional study was employed.SettingThis study was conducted in nine hospitals in Hunan province, China.ParticipantsIndividuals with a high-risk for colorectal cancer were interviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire.Primary and secondary outcome measuresKnowledge, attitude towards colorectal cancer screening, sociodemographic factors associated with screening knowledge and behaviour and barriers of colorectal cancer screening.ResultsThis study included 684 participants. The mean knowledge score was 11.86/24 (SD 4.84). But over 70% of them held a positive attitude towards screening. Only 13.3% had undergone colorectal cancer screening. Independent factors related to knowledge were education level of college or above, working as a white collar, higher income, having health insurance, having seen a doctor in the past year and with a high perceived risk (p<0.05). Factors independently associated with screening behaviour included personal history of colorectal disease, having seen a doctor in the past year, previous discussion of colorectal cancer screening, high perceived risk and better knowledge (p<0.05). Main reasons for not undergoing screening were no symptoms or discomfort (71.1%), never having thought of the disease or screening (67.4%) and no doctor advised me (29.8%).ConclusionIn China, the majority of high-risk people had deficient knowledge and had never undergone colorectal cancer screening. But most of them held a positive attitude towards the benefits of colorectal cancer screening. This has promising implications to design targeted educational campaigns and establish screening programmes to improve colorectal cancer awareness and screening participation. Healthcare professionals should advise high-risk individuals to participate in screening and inform them about cancer risk.

scholarly journals Are anxiety levels associated with the decision to participate in a Swedish colorectal cancer screening programme? A nationwide cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e025109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Wangmar ◽  
Ann-Christin von Vogelsang ◽  
Rolf Hultcrantz ◽  
Kaisa Fritzell ◽  
Yvonne Wengström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Participation ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesColorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes are commonly challenged by low uptake, limiting their potential to reduce CRC burden. We aimed to investigate anxiety levels related to the decision to participate or not in CRC screening among screening participants and non-participants. Further to explore associations between higher anxiety levels related to the decision and individuals’ characteristics.DesignA nationwide cross-sectional study conducted with individuals included in a national randomised controlled CRC screening trial, the Screening of Swedish Colons (SCREESCO).ParticipantsA total of 1409 individuals, 60–62 years, recruited from SCREESCO during 2015–2016 participated in the study; 1256 had participated in CRC screening (faecal immunochemical test: n=958; colonoscopy: n=298) and 153 had declined screening participation.MeasuresAnxiety levels were assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) S-Anxiety Scale. Health literacy (HL) was assessed with the Swedish Functional and Communicative and Critical Health Literacy Scales.ResultsAltogether, 79% of survey participants reported lower anxiety levels regarding their CRC screening decision (STAI S-Anxiety <40). Anxiety levels did not differ between screening participants and non-participants (mean STAI S-Anxiety score=34.1 vs 33.9, p=0.859). The odds of reporting higher anxiety levels increased by female sex (OR=1.37; CI 1.04 to 1.80; p=0.025) and previous faecal sampling (OR=1.53; CI 1.14 to 2.05; p=0.004), and decreased if living with partner (OR=0.65; CI 0.48 to 0.88; p=0.005), working (OR=0.72; CI 0.53 to 0.96; p=0.027) or having sufficient HL (functional: OR=0.49; CI 0.33 to 0.73, p≤0.001; communicative and critical: OR=0.55; CI 0.38 to 0.82; p=0.003).ConclusionsAnxiety levels did not differ between screening participants and non-participants. Higher anxiety scores were associated with certain characteristics. Interventions accounting for these characteristics can be applied to reduce anxiety and facilitate programme acceptance.Trial registration numberNCT02078804; Results.

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