Assesing teaching assistant programmes as a tool facilitating the learning process of Physiology / Avaliação do modelo de monitoria como ferramenta facilitadora para o processo de aprendizagem em Fisiologia

A teaching assistant programme is an extracurricular activity in which an advanced student (the assistant) is guided and supervised by the lecturer to provide support to the curricular unit. The aim of the present study was to asses the contribution of teaching assistant programmes based on problem cases towards the acquisition of a medicine course content. The study was cross-sectional and involved 153 students divided into two groups: the present and the absent at teaching assistant sessions. All the participants responded to standardised questionnaires that have been used to analyse their perception of content acquisition, their active participation in learning and the contribution of teaching assistant sessions. The results showed that the perception of complete content acquisition among the present group was at 38.4%, while for the absent group only at 29.7%. The negative perception of content acquisition was at 13.6 % for the absent group and at 6.1% for the present group. Within the present group 73.5% of the students studied the topics covered in lectures within two weeks. For the absent group this number fell to 49.4%. In addition, 86% of the present group said that the teaching assistant sessions contributed towards their learning. As the main reason they pointed to the opportunity to answer questions. On the whole, the results suggest that teaching assistant programmes based on problem cases can be effective in facilitating the perception of learning. The reason appears to be a more intense involvement of the participants in a more active study routine.

Health impact of work stressors and psychosocial perceptions among French hospital workers during the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional survey

ObjectiveTo compare global health, mental health impact of work stressors and psychosocial perception of healthcare workers (HCWs) and non-HCWs in a hospital after the first peak of the COVID-19 outbreak in France.MethodsA validated version of the SATIN (Santé Au Travail Inrs université Nancy 2)questionnaire with adapted scoring was used to collect data on health and impact of work stressors. This questionnaire was sent to all workers at a hospital in July 2020 and was self-administered online. In a multinomial regression model, we included HCW status, age, gender and front-line worker status as covariates.ResultsData from a total of 1405 participants were included. We found that being an HCW, male and front-line worker was a risk factor for negative perception of work demand (OR 7.35, 95% CI 4.2 to 11.47; OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.11 to 5.89; OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.06). Being an HCW was a predictive factor for stress (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.08), poor global health (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.55) and negative perception of work activity environment (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.8).ConclusionWe have shown that all HCWs suffered from some health impact shortly after the first peak of the COVID-19 outbreak. We underline some stressors with high impact, including work demand, work abilities and organisational context, and emphasise the need for risk management.

Hubungan Persepsi Tentang Peran Orang Tua Dengan Perilaku Seksual Remaja di SMP Kabupaten Pasaman

Parents as the first and foremost educators in the family have a very complex role. Lack of parental role can make adolescents fall into risky sexual behavior (RSB). RSB will have a negative impact on adolescents such as physical, psychological and social impacts. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perceptions of the parents role and adolescent sexual behavior in the Pasaman District Junior High School. This type of research is an analytic survey with a cross sectional design. The study was carried out from January to March 2020 at 36 schools spread across 12 sub-districts taken by stratifield random sampling of 324 students. The instrument uses a standardized questionnaire that is valid and reliable. Data analysis with chi square with 95% confidence interval and p value < 0.05. In the study, it was found that the RSB of adolescents was 58,44% and the negative perception of the parents role was 53,2%. There is a relationship between perceptions of the parents role with RSB in adolescents (p value 0.001). Adolescents who have a negative perception of the parents role tend to have risky sexual behavior. It is recommended to the BKKBN to improve the BKR program to provide educational materials that are tailored to the educational level of parents. Creating a family empowerment program by integrating sexual education in the family

Issues and Prospects of Investigative Journalist Activities in the context of anti-corruption in contemporary Ukraine

In the article the author considers the problems faced by investigative journalists in the process of combating corruption in contemporary Ukraine. In particular, regarding the negative perception of their activities within society; lack of proper security of journalists in detecting corruption offenses by government officials; difficulties in finding and accessing information on corrupt transactions. The need to establish high-quality mutual support and cooperation between NGOs and investigative journalists to address the above issues, as well as to develop joint recommendations for overcoming corruption risks based on their own activities. The advantages of NGO cooperation with investigative journalists in the context of protecting the latter from persecution by the authorities are highlighted. The author sees the solution of the most of problems related to the professional activity of investigative journalists in a special network created for them, which would monitor the movement of corruption funds and ensure high-quality receipt and exchange of relevant information. It is proposed to create a similar network in Ukraine, which would cover all regions and could lay an information basis for establishing effective anti-corruption control at the national level.

Perception of medical students towards online learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in South Kerala, India

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought major changes in every sector including education. From school to college level, traditional classroom learning was forced to change to online learning. There were many challenges from inexperience to mental and physical health issues. This study aimed to find the perception of medical students about current medical online learning system in south Kerala.Methods: An online survey was conducted in November 2020 using a self-designed pretested questionnaire consisting of three sections: socio demographic profile, a 4-point Likert scale having 29 items to assess the perception of online learning, questions to assess certain parameters like health problems, duration of electronic usage etc. Frequencies, percentages, and descriptive statistics were calculated, and Chi-square test was used for statistical significance.Results: Study showed nearly three-fourth (74%) of students have a negative perception towards online learning. Of the different formats of e-learning used by students during the study period, most preferred were live lectures. Among the participants, more than half (57%) suggested a need for improvement in the quality of classes. Majority (75%) of students agreed that long hours of online classes had caused health problems.Conclusions: Though online learning is the need of the hour; majority of the students have a negative perception towards it which demands an enhancement in its standards and change to a preferred format

Pedagogy around graffiti

In this article graffiti is perceived as the art of living with images operated by young artists. The author draws attention to the fact that this art does not only have a negative perception of character, and thus also a social perception (reception). There is explained what the polarization effect of two neighboring generations of graffiti artists in the social space is - open and hidden, in which a presented group of artists tries to manifest their position and presence. Is it worth talking about graffiti in pedagogy in social sciences? The author analyzes it (graffiti) which may not penetrate the structures of life of the young generation, their school, and out-of-school environments, and what does not become the source of rebellion and also a way for establishing a new type of social and educational relationship.

Socio-Cultural and Societal Demands Influencing Pregnancy among HIV Positive Women in Kakamega County, Kenya

Globally, the number of women living with HIV who desire pregnancy has been increasing and little is known as what motivates them, with test and treat women accessing ART desiring pregnancy will increase. Kakamega County has been leading in the region on women living with HIV accessing antenatal services. Past literature in the subject matter failed to look at socio-cultural and societal factors influencing pregnancy among HIV positive women in Kakamega County, Kenya; a gap that informed this study. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was employed. The target population were women aged 18-49 years receiving their family planning services in sub-county hospitals in Kakamega County. Key informants were made up of health care workers at comprehensive care clinics. Purposive sampling was used to select 4 sub-county hospitals, systematic random sampling to select 319 known HIV positive women and 4 focus group discussions. Questionnaires focused on group discussions and key informant interviews were used to collect data. Data collected were entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0. Descriptive results were presented in proportionate tables. The results showed that age, education, employment status and parity influenced the desire for pregnancy among HIV positive women in Kakamega County. Society influenced the number of children a woman should have. The community held a negative perception of childless women, especially HIV positive women; the community members did not attach value and pride over the childless HIV positive women. The socio-cultural and societal demand on HIV positive women influenced pregnancy; however, there decreasing association, which meant that the society was 71% less likely to influence the number of children; the spouse was 63% less likely to influence pregnancy. In conclusion, age, education level, marital status parity and employment status, medical cover influenced pregnancy among the known HIV positive women in Kakamega County. Socio-cultural and societal demands were predictors of pregnancy among known HIV positive women in Kakamega County. The community should treat HIV positive women with respect and dignity, thus permitting them to continue their family legacy and sire children. It recommends that there is a need for the county government, department of health services to provide health education to the community on stigma reduction and discrimination meted on these women and negative perception of childlessness women in the society especially known HIV positive women. Further works on the myths and misconception that barrenness is blamed on women leaving men scot-free for the cloud to be the culprits of childlessness in the family.

Evaluation of the impact of effective management practices in mitigating the toxicity symptoms of pesticides preparation and storage in Kebbi State, Nigeria

The study Evaluated the Impact of Effective Management Practices in Mitigating the Toxicity Symptoms of Pesticides Preparation, Storage and Application in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Structured Questionnaires were used to obtained information from the respondents. Descriptive statistics comprising frequency distribution tables and percentages and were used for Data Analysis. Likert scale was used to determine farmer’s perception on the toxicity symptoms of pesticides of pesticides preparation, storage and application employed by farmers when handling pesticides. The result of the study showed that majority of the respondents (90%) were male while female formed the minority in pesticide usage with only (10%). The study also showed that all the respondents (100%) were married and engaged in agricultural activities. The study further revealed that all the respondents never had any formal training on the use of pesticide from either governmental or non -governmental organizations. The research study also found out that all (100%) of the respondents were not aware of the toxicity of pesticides during preparation, storage and application. Likert Scale Analysis showed a negative perception by farmers on awareness of pesticide toxicity during preparation, storage and application. On perception of the respondents on the toxicity of pesticides during preparation, storage and application, the study revealed that Nausea, Dizziness, Diarrhea, Respiratory Difficulty, Skin Irritation, Rashes, Fever, Peeling of the Skin, Vomiting, and Headache were the serious toxicity effects of pesticide. It is concluded that respondents had negative perception on pesticide management of toxicity of pesticides during preparation, storage and application. It is therefore recommended that appropriate authorities should enforce the use of protective clothing, appropriate equipment and correct handling practices when using pesticides. Existing pesticide regulations and monitoring policies should be enforced. Government should also intensify efforts at registering and controlling distribution of pesticides and banning hazardous ones. It should also enforce the making of less toxic pesticides available to farmers.

Physiotherapists’ perception of physicians’ referral of patients for physiotherapy in the Nigerian health system

Background As the physiotherapy profession gradually evolves into a more autonomous profession, physicians continue to play a major role in the clinical practice of physical therapists globally, particularly as a source of patient referral. Therefore, an evaluation of Nigerian physiotherapists’ (NPTs) perception of physician’s referral (PR) of patients for physiotherapy may be a critical indicator of the relationship between the two professionals in the Nigerian health sector. The objective of the study was to determine the perception of Nigerian NPTs on the PR of patients for physiotherapy and the influence of demographic characteristics on the perception. The study was an online survey involving one hundred and fifty-four respondents. The instrument for the study was an 11-item self-developed questionnaire with two domains: demographics and perception. The participants were blind respondents reached through different physiotherapists’ WhatsApp platforms in Nigeria. The responses were collated electronically after 2 months and analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results The respondents have a negative perception of the 9 out of the 11-questionnaire items that were used to test the physiotherapists’ perception of the physicians’ referral of patients for physiotherapy in Nigeria health facilities. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) across the respondents’ gender, place of employment, areas of specialization, and educational qualifications and the respondents’ perception of doctors’ referrals of patients for physiotherapy. However, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in each of the participants’ perceptions across the respondents’ years of practice, with the participants who had less than 5 years of practice having the least score. Conclusions Nigerian physiotherapists have a negative perception of physicians’ referral of patients for physiotherapy, and the perception was only influenced by the years of practice of the respondents.