scholarly journals Effectiveness of school-based interventions in delaying sexual debut among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e044398
Author(s):  
Beatrice W Maina ◽  
Kenneth Juma ◽  
Emmy Kageha Igonya ◽  
Jane Osindo ◽  
Hesborn Wao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Interventions ◽  
Sub Saharan

IntroductionEarly sexual debut is associated with poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes across the life course. A majority of interventions aimed at delaying sexual debut among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have been implemented in schools with mixed findings on the effectiveness of such interventions. This systematic review will summarise and synthesise existing evidence on the effectiveness of school-based interventions in delaying sexual debut among adolescents aged 10–19 years.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a comprehensive database search of peer-reviewed studies published in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, HINARI and EBSCO (PsycINFO, Global Health, CINAHL) and in Cochrane library, National Institute of Health and Turning Research into Practice databases for ongoing studies yet to be published. All studies conducted in SSA between January 2009 and December 2020, regardless of the study design, will be included. Two authors will independently screen all retrieved records and relevant data on sexual debut extracted.Data will be pooled using the random effects model. Dichotomous outcomes will be reported as risk ratios and continuous data as mean difference at 95% CI. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the I² statistic. Findings will be presented in tables and charts, while providing a description of all included studies, themes and concepts drawn from literature.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, presentations at relevant conferences and other convening focusing on adolescent sexual and reproductive health.

scholarly journals Sexual Behaviour, Needs and Concerns Regarding Sexual and Reproductive Health among Adults Living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa- A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-132
Author(s):  
Ifeoma Chinyere Ofurum
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background:  The sexual and reproductive health of people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa should be of paramount importance and, therefore, given the attention it deserves. The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and subsequent access to it has aided millions of infected people to live a normal life. However, being on ART is not enough as most of these people despite being on the therapy are faced with needs and concerns that have shaped their sexual behaviour. This review aims to bring to perspective the sexual behaviour, needs, and concerns regarding the sexual and reproductive health of adults living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with a view to reducing the disease's ultimate burden in the region. Method: An extensive search of articles was carried out using the reporting systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). The database search was from JSTORE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Medline, Cochrane, Semantic scholar, and Pubmed. Results: A total of 3,984 results were obtained from the search. The application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria finally gave ten studies which were reviewed. The review revealed, among other things, that a good number of adults living with HIV have multiple sex partners, and some still have sex without condoms. Besides, most of them indicated the need for their own biological children, especially after being on ART for a while. Some women living with HIV in SSA do not have a right to decide on their sexual and reproductive health. Recommendation: It was recommended that there be intense re-orientation and health education for this group of people. Women need to be empowered and taught their rights.

scholarly journals Dengue Virus Infection in Sub-Saharan Africa Between 2010 and 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Eltom ◽  
Khalid Enan ◽  
Abdel Rahim M. El Hussein ◽  
Isam M. Elkhidir
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Infection Markers

Dengue virus (DENV) infection has garnered a global interest in the past few decades. Nevertheless, its epidemiology in certain developing and low-income regions remains poorly understood, due to the absence of comprehensive surveillance and reporting systems. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of DENV infection in the population of Sub-Saharan Africa using DENV infection markers, and to track any changes in its prevalence during the past ten years. It was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, targeting the literature available at MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane library and Google Scholar. All articles published in English language between January 2010 and June 2020 were screened for eligibility. Random effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of all infection markers. The Inconsistency Index (I2) was used to assess the level of heterogeneity between studies. Subgroup analysis according to country and time-frame of studies was conducted to provide possible explanations to substantial heterogeneity. The critical appraisal tool for prevalence studies designed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used to assess the risk of bias in all included studies. A total of 84 articles, covering 21 countries, were included in this review. Quantitative meta-analysis estimated a pooled IgG prevalence of 25% (95% CI: 21-29%, I2 = 99%), a pooled IgM prevalence of 10% (95% CI: 9-11%, I2 = 98%) and a pooled DENV RNA prevalence of 14% (95% CI: 12-16%, I2 = 99%). Evidence for possible publication bias was also found in all three meta-analyses. Subgroup analysis according to the time of sample collection was performed to closely track the changing prevalence of DENV infection markers between 2010 and 2019. This meta-analysis estimates a high prevalence of DENV infection in Sub-Saharan Africa. More cost-efficient vector control strategies should be designed and implemented in order to adapt to the low-resource nature of this region.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Syphilis among Pregnant Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siraj Hussen ◽  
Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan

Objective. Syphilis is one of the most imperative STIs, caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. During pregnancy it is associated with disastrous health outcomes in the newborn. In sub-Saharan Africa, study findings on the prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women are highly dispersed and inconsistent. The aim of the current review is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of syphilis in sub-Saharan Africa among pregnant women. Design. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources. Databases including MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and HINARI and reference lists of previous prevalence studies were systematically searched for relevant literature from January 1999 to November 2018. Results were presented in forest plot, tables, and figures. Random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis. For the purpose of this review, a case of syphilis was defined as positive treponemal or nontreponemal tests among pregnant women. Data Extraction. Our search gave a total of 262 citations from all searched databases. Of these, 44 studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria and comprising 175,546 subjects were finally included. Results. The pooled prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa was 2.9% (95%CI: 2.4%-3.4%). East and Southern African regions had a higher syphilis prevalence among pregnant women (3.2%, 95% CI: 2.3%-4.2% and 3.6%, 95%CI: 2.0%-5.1%, respectively) than the sub-Saharan African pooled prevalence. The prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in most parts of the region seemed to have decreased over the past 20 years except for the East African region. However, prevalence did not significantly differ by region and time period. Conclusion. This review showed a high prevalence of syphilis in sub-Saharan Africa among pregnant women. The evidence suggests strengthening the screening program during pregnancy as part of the care package during antenatal care visits. Programs focusing on primary prevention of syphilis in women should also be strengthened.

scholarly journals Are there traditional practices that affect men’s reproductive health in sub-Saharan Africa? A systematic review and meta-analysis approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1677120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Amoo ◽  
Adebanke Olawole-Isaac ◽  
Mofoluwake P. Ajayi ◽  
Olujide Adekeye ◽  
Oluwatomisin Ogundipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Effect of HIV-related knowledge on utilisation of voluntary HIV testing service among university students in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e045748
Author(s):  
Gedefaw Diress ◽  
Amanuel Addisu ◽  
Melese Linger Endalifer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
University Students ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Testing Service ◽  
Sub Saharan

IntroductionVoluntary HIV testing is a vital preventive measure to reduce HIV transmission. Existing evidence on the association between HIV-related knowledge and HIV testing service utilisation shows inconsistent findings. Therefore, the aim of this review is to assess whether knowledge of HIV is related to improvement in voluntary HIV testing service utilisation among university students in Sub-Saharan Africa.Methods and analysisA systematic review of studies on the association of HIV-related knowledge and voluntary HIV testing service utilisation among university students will be conducted. We will search several electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, African Journals Online, Web of Science and Cochrane Library, for all study types looking at the association between HIV-related knowledge and voluntary HIV testing service utilisation. Two reviewers will independently screen all retrieved records and full-text articles and extract data. The Higgins I2 test will be used to assess heterogeneity between studies. Random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted, if feasible and appropriate. Additional analyses will be performed to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Stata statistical software (V.14) will be used to analyse the data.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required because the systematic review relies on primary studies. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication, conference presentation and the popular press.

scholarly journals Pro-equity legislation, health policy and utilisation of sexual and reproductive health services by vulnerable populations in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Muriel Mac-Seing ◽  
Kate Zinszer ◽  
Charity Oga Omenka ◽  
Pierre de Beaudrap ◽  
Fereshteh Mehrabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Sub Saharan

Twenty-five years ago, the International Conference on Population and Development highlighted the need to address sexual and reproductive health (SRH) rights on a global scale. The sub-Saharan Africa region continues to have the highest levels of maternal mortality and HIV, primarily affecting the most vulnerable populations. Recognising the critical role of policy in understanding population health, we conducted a systematic review of original primary research which examined the relationships between equity-focused legislation and policy and the utilisation of SRH services by vulnerable populations in sub-Saharan Africa. We searched nine bibliographic databases for relevant articles published between 1994 and 2019. Thirty-two studies, conducted in 14 sub-Saharan African countries, met the inclusion criteria. They focused on maternal health service utilisation, either through specific fee reduction/removal policies, or through healthcare reforms and insurance schemes to increase SRH service utilisation. Findings across most of the studies showed that health-related legislation and policy promoted an increase in service utilisation, over time, especially for antenatal care, skilled birth attendance and facility-based delivery. However, social health inequalities persisted among subgroups of women. Neither the reviewed studies nor the policies specifically addressed youth, people living with HIV and people with disabilities. In the era of the sustainable development goals, addressing health inequities in the context of social determinants of health becomes unavoidable. Systematic and rigorous quantitative and qualitative research, including longitudinal policy evaluation, is required to understand the complex relationships between policy addressing upstream social determinants of health and health service utilisation.

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