scholarly journals Rapid assessment of prevalence of blindness and cataract surgery in Kabul province, Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000790
Author(s):  
Yuddha Sapkota ◽  
Najeebullah Alizoi ◽  
Abdul Majeed Siddiqi ◽  
Mohammad Naseem ◽  
Ahmad Shah Salaam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error ◽  
Estimate Prevalence

ObjectiveTo estimate prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment and assess cataract surgical coverage and quality of cataract surgery in Kabul.Methods and analysisA total of 3751 adults aged 50 years and above were recruited from 77 randomly selected clusters. Each participant underwent presenting and pinhole visual acuity assessment and lens examination. Those with pinhole visual acuity <6/12 in either eye had a dilated fundus examination to determine the cause of reduced vision. Those with apparent lens opacity were interviewed on barriers to cataract surgery.ResultsThe age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness was 2.4% (95% CI: 1.8% to 3.0%). Prevalence of severe, moderate and mild vision impairment was 2.2% (95% CI: 1.7% to 2.7%), 6.9% (95% CI: 6.0% to 7.9%) and 8.7% (95% CI: 7.5% to 9.8%), respectively. Cataract was the main cause of blindness (36.8%), severe (54.4%) and moderate (46.1%) vision impairment. Uncorrected refractive error was the leading cause of mild vision impairment (20.3%). Age-related macular degeneration was the second leading cause of blindness (23.0%). In people with a presenting visual acuity of <3/60, cataract surgical coverage was 89.7%, and effective cataract surgical coverage was 67.8%. The major barriers to uptake of the available cataract surgical services were the need for surgery was not felt (23.7%) and cost (22.0%).ConclusionKabul province has a high prevalence of blindness, largely due to cataract and age-related macular generation. The quality of cataract surgery is also lagging in terms of good visual outcomes. This calls for immediate efforts to improving the reach and quality of existing eye services and readiness to respond to the increasing burden of posterior eye disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence and causes of vision loss in East Asia in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Yu Cheng ◽  
Ningli Wang ◽  
Tien Y Wong ◽  
Nathan Congdon ◽  
Mingguang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error

BackgroundTo determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment (VI) in East Asia in 2015 and to forecast the trend to 2020.MethodsThrough a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, we estimated prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60 in the better eye), moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60≤presenting visual acuity <6/18), mild vision impairment (mild VI: 6/18≤presenting visual acuity <6/12) and uncorrected presbyopia for 1990, 2010, 2015 and 2020. A total of 44 population-based studies were included.ResultsIn 2015, age-standardised prevalence of blindness, MSVI, mild VI and uncorrected presbyopia was 0.37% (80% uncertainty interval (UI) 0.12%–0.68%), 3.06% (80% UI 1.35%–5.16%) and 2.65% (80% UI 0.92%–4.91%), 32.91% (80% UI 18.72%–48.47%), respectively, in East Asia. Cataract was the leading cause of blindness (43.6%), followed by uncorrected refractive error (12.9%), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal diseases, trachoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The leading cause for MSVI was uncorrected refractive error, followed by cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, corneal disease, trachoma and DR. The burden of VI due to uncorrected refractive error, cataracts, glaucoma and DR has continued to rise over the decades reported.ConclusionsAddressing the public healthcare barriers for cataract and uncorrected refractive error can help eliminate almost 57% of all blindness cases in this region. Therefore, public healthcare efforts should be focused on effective screening and effective patient education, with access to high-quality healthcare.

scholarly journals Comparison of post-op quality of vision of spheric IOL and aspheric hydrophilic acrylic yellow tinted intraocular lens implantation following phacoemulsification cataract surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Safdar Hussain ◽  
Asma Batool ◽  
Saba Akram ◽  
Hina Manzoor ◽  
Ayesha Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Ocular Lens ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Quality Of Vision ◽  
Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery

Purpose: To compare the post-op visual quality of spheric and aspheric acrylic yellow tinted intraocular lens following phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Place of study: Al-Majeed Laser Eye Hospital. Methods: Total 60 subjects (aged 40-65years) with age related mature cataracts were included. Data was assembled by non-probability convenient sampling technique at Al-Majeed Laser Eye Hospital. All patients presenting with mature cataract were include in this study without any other pathology and fundus abnormality. Pre and post-operative visual acuity was measured by using standard snellen visual acuity testing chart. For the purpose of accuracy repetitive values were taken for each patient. Post-operative vision was recorded one month followed by phacoemulsification. Comparisons was made between spheric and asphereic acrylic yellow tinted intraocular lens by applying (descriptive) statistics and paired sample t test for the analysis of results. Results: Quality of vision was compared post-operatively after implantation of aspheric hydrophilic acrylic IOL and spheric IOL in posterior chamber under the same phaco surgeon. All subjects after intra ocular implantation had better corrected visual acuity of 6/9 and more improved 6/6. There were found statistically differences in recorded visual acuity with aspheric yellow tinted iol implanation and spheric iol (p = 0.15) between the two types of intra-ocular lens. The mean, standard deviation, t-value found with spheric IOL were.1867, .18889, 2.517 respectively. However, of aspheric hydrophilic acrylic intra-ocular lens mean, standard deviation and t values found .800, .13493 and 2.5493 respectively. There was significant variance in statistics and quality of vision between the two types of lenses. Conclusions: This study concludes that post –operative improvement in quality of vision was better with aspheric hydrophilic yellow tinted lenses than spheric iol implantation. Implanting a foldable aspheric acrylic IOL gave much advantage in visual outcome to pseudophakes by protecting retina from light of shorter wavelength and decrease of chromatic aberration under the photopic circumstances particularly in subjects at hazard of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

scholarly journals Population-based rapid assessment of avoidable blindness survey in Sohag governorate in Egypt

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e036337
Author(s):  
Heba AlSawahli ◽  
Ian McCormick ◽  
Caleb D Mpyet ◽  
Gamal Ezzelarab ◽  
Mohammad Shalaby
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Health System Strengthening ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Financial Barriers

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment, and the coverage and quality of cataract surgical services, among population aged 50 years and older in Sohag governorate in Egypt.DesignA population-based cross-sectional survey using two-stage cluster random sampling following the rapid assessment of avoidable blindness methodology.SettingA community-based survey conducted by six teams of ophthalmologists, assistants and local guides. Enrolment and examination were door-to-door in selected clusters.ParticipantsUsing 2016 census data, 68 population units were randomly selected as clusters (of 60 people) with probability proportionate to population size. Anyone aged 50 years and older, residing in a non-institutional setting in a cluster for at least 6 months, was eligible to participate.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment. Secondary outcomes were CSC and effectiveness and participant-reported barriers to cataract surgery.ResultsOf 4078 participants enrolled, 4033 (98.9%) were examined. The age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness, severe vision impairment and moderate vision impairment were 5.9% (95% CI 4.8% to 6.9%), 4.7% (95% CI 3.8% to 5.7%) and 18.9% (95% CI 16.8% to 21.0%), respectively. Cataract caused most of blindness (41.6%), followed by non-trachomatous corneal opacity (15.7%) and posterior segment diseases (14.5%). Cataract surgical coverage (CSC) for persons for visual acuity <3/60 was 86.8%, the proportion of cataract surgeries with poor visual outcome was 29.5% and effective CSC (eCSC) was 44.9%. eCSC was lower in women than men. The most frequently reported barrier to surgery was cost (51.5%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of blindness in Sohag governorate is higher than districts in other middle-income countries in the region. CSC was high; however, women suffer worse quality-corrected CSC than men. The quality of cataract surgery needs to be addressed, while health system strengthening across government and private settings could alleviate financial barriers.

scholarly journals Prevalence and causes of vision loss in North Africa and Middle East in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 863-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rim Kahloun ◽  
Moncef Khairallah ◽  
Serge Resnikoff ◽  
Maria Vittoria Cicinelli ◽  
Seth R Flaxman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error

BackgroundTo assess the prevalence and causes of vision impairment in North Africa and the Middle East (NAME) from 1990 to 2015 and to forecast projections for 2020.MethodsBased on a systematic review of medical literature, the prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity (PVA) <3/60 in the better eye), moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; PVA <6/18 but ≥3/60) and mild vision impairment (PVA <6/12 but ≥6/18) was estimated for 2015 and 2020.ResultsThe age-standardised prevalence of blindness and MSVI for all ages and genders decreased from 1990 to 2015, from 1.72 (0.53–3.13) to 0.95% (0.32%–1.71%), and from 6.66 (3.09–10.69) to 4.62% (2.21%–7.33%), respectively, with slightly higher figures for women than men. Cataract was the most common cause of blindness in 1990 and 2015, followed by uncorrected refractive error. Uncorrected refractive error was the leading cause of MSVI in the NAME region in 1990 and 2015, followed by cataract. A reduction in the proportions of blindness and MSVI due to cataract, corneal opacity and trachoma is predicted by 2020. Conversely, an increase in the proportion of blindness attributable to uncorrected refractive error, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy is expected.ConclusionsIn 2015 cataract and uncorrected refractive error were the major causes of vision loss in the NAME region. Proportions of vision impairment from cataract, corneal opacity and trachoma are expected to decrease by 2020, and those from uncorrected refractive error, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration are predicted to increase by 2020.

scholarly journals Prevalence and causes of vision loss in high-income countries and in Eastern and Central Europe in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert R A Bourne ◽  
Jost B Jonas ◽  
Alain M Bron ◽  
Maria Vittoria Cicinelli ◽  
Aditi Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Income ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error

BackgroundWithin a surveillance of the prevalence and causes of vision impairment in high-income regions and Central/Eastern Europe, we update figures through 2015 and forecast expected values in 2020.MethodsBased on a systematic review of medical literature, prevalence of blindness, moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI), mild vision impairment and presbyopia was estimated for 1990, 2010, 2015, and 2020.ResultsAge-standardised prevalence of blindness and MSVI for all ages decreased from 1990 to 2015 from 0.26% (0.10–0.46) to 0.15% (0.06–0.26) and from 1.74% (0.76–2.94) to 1.27% (0.55–2.17), respectively. In 2015, the number of individuals affected by blindness, MSVI and mild vision impairment ranged from 70 000, 630 000 and 610 000, respectively, in Australasia to 980 000, 7.46 million and 7.25 million, respectively, in North America and 1.16 million, 9.61 million and 9.47 million, respectively, in Western Europe. In 2015, cataract was the most common cause for blindness, followed by age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, uncorrected refractive error, diabetic retinopathy and cornea-related disorders, with declining burden from cataract and AMD over time. Uncorrected refractive error was the leading cause of MSVI.ConclusionsWhile continuing to advance control of cataract and AMD as the leading causes of blindness remains a high priority, overcoming barriers to uptake of refractive error services would address approximately half of the MSVI burden. New data on burden of presbyopia identify this entity as an important public health problem in this population. Additional research on better treatments, better implementation with existing tools and ongoing surveillance of the problem is needed.

Impact of Cataract Surgery on Quality of Life in Patients with Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2007 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
ECOSSE L. LAMOUREUX ◽  
CLAIRE Y. HOOPER ◽  
LYNDELL LIM ◽  
JULIE F. PALLANT ◽  
NICOLA HUNT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Improvement of the Quality of Life in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration by Using Filters

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6751
Author(s):  
Daniel Caballe-Fontanet ◽  
Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina ◽  
Neus Busquet-Duran ◽  
Eduard Pedemonte-Sarrias ◽  
Miguel Angel Sanchez-Tena
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Filters ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Visual Function Questionnaire

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease with an increasing incidence due to the general aging of the population that decreases the patient’s quality of life. This work aims to study whether selective cut optical filters improve the AMD patient’s quality of life. Methods: Prospective and longitudinal study in 79 patients. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and the line differences in the Colenbrander test were measured. Patients answered The National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25), which measures the quality of life related to vision before and after using cut optical filters. Results: There was an improvement of 5.99 points (3.7–8.3) in NEI VFQ-25 after wearing filters. This improvement was 4.0 points for 450-nm filters and 12.7 points for 511-nm filters. For patients with visual acuity (VA) < 0.25, results of NEI VFQ-25 increased by 10.11 points (1.19–19.02) and for patients with late AMDs, results increased by 5.33 points (1.31–9.35). Conclusions: Selective filters improve the quality of life of patients with AMD. The success rate in the fitting of filters is better for those with VA lower than 0.25 and those with late or advanced AMD.

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