Stapedectomy or a hearing aid for otosclerosis?

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
Sound Waves

In otosclerosis fixation of the stapes in the oval window impairs transmission of sound waves to the inner ear. Patients with a hearing loss of more than 30 decibels usually have difficulty in understanding quiet speech and may need help. Most deaf patients with otosclerosis can be helped by surgery or by a hearing aid.

scholarly journals The Biophysical Function of the Human Eardrum

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Janos Vincze ◽  
Gabriella Vincze-Tiszay
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
Speech Comprehension ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Auditory Ossicles ◽  
Hearing System

The hearing analyzer consists of two main systems: the peripheral hearing system, formed of the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear and the central hearing system, which contains the nervous pathways which ensure the transmission of the nervous influx and the hearing area where the information is analyzed and the hearing sensation is generated. The peripheral hearing system achieves the functions of transmission of the sound vibration, the analysis of the acoustic signal and the transformation of the acoustic signal in nervous inflow and the generation of the nervous response. The human hearing is characteristics: 1. The eardrum vibrates from the sound waves; 2. Auditory ossicles amplify the stimulus; 3. In an oval window, the vibration is transmitted to the fluid space of the inner ear; 4. It vibrates the basilar membrane; 5. What is pressed against the membrane tectoria; 6. The stereocilliums of the hair cell bend, ion channels open; 7. Hair cell depolarizes; 8. Stimulus is dissipated in cerebrospinal fluid VIII (vestibulo¬cochlearis); 9. Temporal lobe primary auditory cortex (Brodman 41, 42); 10. Association pathways: speech comprehension (Wernicke area).

Effect of Aspiration of Perilymph during Stapes Surgery on the Endocochlear Potential of Guinea Pig

2011 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoukichi Ikeda ◽  
Kazuhiro Nakaya ◽  
Hidetoshi Oshima ◽  
Takeshi Oshima ◽  
Tetsuaki Kawase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
Stapes Surgery ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Stapes Footplate ◽  
Guinea Pig Model ◽  
Temporal Bones

Objective. Suction applied to the vestibule through the oval window during stapes surgery is considered a primary risk for postoperative sensorineural hearing impairment. This study investigated the mechanism of acute phase change in cochlear function caused by aspiration of the opened oval window. Study Design. Guinea pig model. Setting. Academic hospital laboratory. Subjects and Methods. Guinea pigs were divided into 3 groups: stapes footplate removed without suctioning (6 animals), with indirect suctioning (5 animals), and with direct suctioning of the vestibular perilymph (6 animals). Endocochlear potentials (EPs) were measured at the second turn of the cochlea, and temporal bones were examined histologically. Results. Removal of the stapes footplate without suctioning caused little change in the EP (original value, 80.12 ± 3.52 mV), indirect suctioning caused minor decline of the EP of 9.14 ± 1.84 mV, and partial recovery ensued, whereas direct but gentle suctioning, resulting in dry vestibule, caused reduction in the EP of 16.38 ± 6.63 mV. Recovery was not observed or incomplete. No animals showed profound decrease in the EP. Conclusion. Gentle suctioning and removal of the vestibular perilymph can cause a mild decrease in the EP even without damaging the inner ear structures. Therefore, suctioning of the perilymph should be avoided during stapes surgery because acute hearing loss can result even without damaging the inner ear structures. However, hearing loss may not be profound, if suctioning is not vigorous enough to cause damage to the inner ear structures.

scholarly journals The Biophysical Function of the Human Inner Ear

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Janos Vincze ◽  
Gabriella Vincze-Tiszay
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
Speech Comprehension ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Auditory Nerves ◽  
Auditory Ossicles

The ear transforms soft mechanical vibration of air particles into electrical signals, which reach the appropriate part of the cerebral cortex for processing by means of auditory nerves. The process of the hearing is next: the eardrum vibrates from the sound waves; auditory ossicles amplify the stimulus; in an oval window, the vibration is transmitted to the fluid space of the inner ear; iIt vibrates the basilar membrane; what is pressed against the membrane tectoria; the stereocilliums of the hair cell bend, ion channels open; hair cell depolarizes; stimulus is dissipated in cerebrospinal fluid VIII (vestibulocochlearis); temporal lobe primary auditory cortex (Brodman 41, 42); association pathways: speech comprehension (Wernicke area). For the rising prevalence of psychoses (mental disorders) in the last decades among towns­people, these stimuli – as compared to the abandoned environment – and the adaptation to them may also play a definite role. The man, therefore, enjoying worths and conveniences of the civilization has to size every opportunity to get into the open, to compensate the monotony of the external stimuli, in a word, to grant his organism those stimuli which he claims as a biological creature. This human demand – it seems – is such a great physiological need that our organism cannot be without even in the evening. At least this turns out according to the researches relating sleep and dreaming.

Cochlear Implantation in Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P53-P53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina R Stidham ◽  
Joseph B Roberson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Inner Ear Disease ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease

Objective 1) Evaluate the success of cochlear implantation (CI) in patients with autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED). 2) Discuss the impact of CI on consideration of immunosuppressive therapy for patients with fluctuating hearing loss due to AIED. Methods Retrospective chart review was conducted of patients undergoing CI with diagnosis of AIED between 6/02 and 6/07. Patients’ autoimmune and immunotherapy treatment history was explored. Non-operative ear hearing thresholds and speech discrimination scores (SDS) were documented pre- and postoperatively. Objective and subjective implant success in setting of fluctuating hearing in non-implant ear was evaluated. Results Four patients with AIED, aged 5–55, underwent CI. Two had isolated otologic symptoms and 2 had other systemic autoimmune diagnoses. All had been previously treated with steroids. Three had received other immunosuppressive therapy. One declined other treatment due to potential risks. At the time of implantation, 3 patients had functional hearing in the non-implant ear and received benefit from a hearing aid. Each continued to have usable hearing, with fluctuating improvements post-implant at times to much better SDS than would normally meet candidacy requirements for CI. All patients found the implant provided better hearing than the hearing-aid ear. Conclusions CI is a viable option for patients with AIED. Implanting a profoundly deafened ear where opposite ear has fluctuating but usable hearing does not negatively impact outcomes. With the success of CI for AIED, the potential risks of long-term immunosuppressive therapy may not warrant its use in patients with isolated hearing loss symptoms.

scholarly journals CT Imaging Categorization and Biomarker Study of Anomalous Tympanic Segment of the Facial Nerves in Patients With Hearing Loss in the Absence of Microtia

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 340-345
Author(s):  
Nisa Oren ◽  
Daniel Thomas Ginat
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Charge Syndrome ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Facial Nerves ◽  
Ear Anomalies ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Congenital Syndrome

The purpose of this study is to categorize anomalous tympanic facial nerve (FN) on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and to determinate the significance of associated temporal bone anomalies and congenital syndromes without microtia in patients with hearing loss. A retrospective analysis of HRCT findings in 30 temporal bones in 18 patients with anomalous FN was performed. Abnormalities of the tympanic FN were categorized as follows: category 1: FN medially positioned, but above the oval window; category 2: FN in the oval window niche; and category 3: FN below the oval window. Potential associated findings that were assessed included stapes abnormalities, oval window atresia, and inner ear anomalies, as well as the presence of a known congenital syndrome with hearing loss. The most common type of anomalous tympanic FN was category 1 (67%, n = 20), following by group 2 (20%, n = 6) and group 3 (13%, n = 4). Stapes anomalies were detected in 77% of temporal bones (n = 23), oval window atresia was detected in 43% of temporal bones (n = 13), and inner ear anomalies were detected in 70% of temporal bones (n = 21). Anomalous tympanic facial nerves in temporal bone with conductive hearing loss were often (60%) not associated with oval window atresia. The combination of aberrant tympanic FN and inner ear anomalies was significantly ( P = .038) associated with a known congenital syndrome (6 patients), including CHARGE syndrome, oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum, Pierre-Robin sequences, and Down syndrome. Therefore, an anomalous tympanic FN in conjunction with inner ear anomalies appears to be a biomarker for certain congenital syndromes with hearing loss in the absence of microtia.

The Relationship Between Hearing Loss Self-Management and Hearing Aid Benefit and Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Convery ◽  
Gitte Keidser ◽  
Louise Hickson ◽  
Carly Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Hearing Aid Benefit ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Hearing loss self-management refers to the knowledge and skills people use to manage the effects of hearing loss on all aspects of their daily lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Method Thirty-seven adults with hearing loss, all of whom were current users of bilateral hearing aids, participated in this observational study. The participants completed self-report inventories probing their hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between individual domains of hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Results Participants who reported better self-management of the effects of their hearing loss on their emotional well-being and social participation were more likely to report less aided listening difficulty in noisy and reverberant environments and greater satisfaction with the effect of their hearing aids on their self-image. Participants who reported better self-management in the areas of adhering to treatment, participating in shared decision making, accessing services and resources, attending appointments, and monitoring for changes in their hearing and functional status were more likely to report greater satisfaction with the sound quality and performance of their hearing aids. Conclusion Study findings highlight the potential for using information about a patient's hearing loss self-management in different domains as part of clinical decision making and management planning.

Counseling Adolescents With Hearing Loss Using a Narrative Therapy Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Nelson Crowell ◽  
Julie Hanenburg ◽  
Amy Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Narrative Therapy ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Therapy Approach ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Counseling Adolescents

Abstract Audiologists have a responsibility to counsel patients with auditory concerns on methods to manage the inherent challenges associated with hearing loss at every point in the process: evaluation, hearing aid fitting, and follow-up visits. Adolescents with hearing loss struggle with the typical developmental challenges along with communicative challenges that can erode one's self-esteem and self-worth. The feeling of “not being connected” to peers can result in feelings of isolation and depression. This article advocates the use of a Narrative Therapy approach to counseling adolescents with hearing loss. Adolescents with hearing loss often have problem-saturated narratives regarding various components of their daily life, friendships, amplification, academics, etc. Audiologists can work with adolescents with hearing loss to deconstruct the problem-saturated narratives and rebuild the narratives into a more empowering message. As the adolescent retells their positive narrative, they are likely to experience increased self-esteem and self-worth.

FM Verification for the 21 st Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leisha Eiten ◽  
Dawna Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Current Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss

Background: For children with hearing loss, the benefits of FM systems in overcoming deleterious effects of noise, distance, and reverberation have led to recommendations for use beyond classroom settings. It is important that audiologists who recommend and fit these devices understand the rationale and procedures underlying fitting and verification. Objectives: This article reviews previousguidelines for FM verification, addresses technological advances, and introduces verification procedures appropriate for current FM and hearing-aid technology. Methods: Previous guidelines for verification of FM systems are reviewed. Those recommendations that are appropriate for current technology are addressed, as are procedures that are no longer adequate for hearing aids and FM systems utilizing more complex processing than in the past. Technological advances are discussed, and an updated approach to FM verification is proposed. Conclusions: Approaches to verification andfitting of FM systems must keep pace with advances in hearing-aid and FM technology. The transparency approach addressed in this paper is recommended for verification of FM systems coupled to hearing aids.

Monitoring Progress for Children with Hearing Loss

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Monica Weston ◽  
Karen F. Muñoz ◽  
Kristina Blaiser
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Word Structure ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
Language Measures ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss

Purpose This study investigated average hours of daily hearing aid use and speech-language outcomes for children age 3 to 6 years of age with hearing loss. Method Objective measures of hearing aid use were collected via data logging. Speech and language measures included standardized measures GFTA-2, CELF Preschool-2 and additional item analyses for the word structure subtest CELF Preschool-2 and the GFTA-2. Results Hearing aid use was full time for 33% of the children (n=3; M=8.84 hours; Range: 2.9–12.1) at the beginning of the study, and for 78% at the end of the study (n=7; M=9.89 hours; Range 2.6–13.2). All participants demonstrated an improvement in articulation and language standard scores and percentiles however continued to demonstrate areas of weakness in sounds high-frequency in nature. Conclusions Through early identification and fitting, children gain access to speech sounds. Both standardized measures and individual language analysis should be used to identify and support children with hearing loss in language and subsequent literacy development.

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