Selling a gun to a stranger without a background check: acceptable behaviour?

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hemenway ◽  
Deborah Azrael ◽  
Matthew Miller
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Background Checks ◽  
Online Panel ◽  
Background Check ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Strongly Agree

ObjectiveOne way that guns get into the wrong hands is via gun sales without a background check. While the large majority of Americans support laws requiring universal background checks, no prior study has assessed whether Americans think it is acceptable behaviour to sell a gun to a stranger without a background check, whether or not there is a law against it.MethodsWe sponsored a nationally representative survey of over 3900 American adults, oversampling gun owners, using an online panel provided by the survey firm Growth for Knowledge.ResultsOver 72% of American adults agree or strongly agree with the statement that ‘whether it is legal or not, it is NOT acceptable to sell a gun to a stranger without a background check’ and 11% disagree or strongly disagree. Subgroups less likely to agree are young adults, men, conservatives, those with less than a high school education and gun owners.ConclusionReducing the number of guns sold without a background check could help reduce the flow of guns to felons. Changes in normative attitudes and behaviours, as well as changes in law, could help accomplish this goal. Most Americans, including gun owners, believe selling a gun to a stranger without a background check is not acceptable behaviour.

scholarly journals Do social inequalities in smoking differ by immigration status in young adults?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kalubi ◽  
Z Tchouaga ◽  
A Ghenadenik ◽  
J O'Loughlin ◽  
K L Frohlich
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
School Education ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Social Gradient ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Tobacco use accounts for half the difference in life expectancy across groups of low and high socioeconomic status. The objective was to assess whether social inequalities in smoking in Canada-born young adults are also apparent among same-age immigrants, a group often viewed as disadvantaged and vulnerable to multiple health issues. Methods Data were drawn from the Interdisciplinary Study of Inequalities in Smoking, a longitudinal investigation of social inequalities in smoking in Montreal, Canada. The sample included 2,077 young adults age 18-25 (56.6% female; 18.9% immigrants). Immigrants had been in Canada 11.6 (SD 6.4) years on average. The association between level of education and current smoking was examined separately in immigrants and non-immigrants in multivariate logistic regression analyses controlling for covariates. Results Twenty percent of immigrants were current smokers compared to 24% of non-immigrants. In immigrants, relative to those who were university-educated, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) for current smoking was 1.2 (0.6, 2.3) among those with pre-university or vocational training, and 1.5 (0.7, 2.9) among those with high school education only. In non-immigrants, the adjusted ORs were 1.9 (1.4, 2.5) among those with pre-university or vocational training and 4.0 (2.9, 5.5) among those with high school education. Conclusions Despite a mean of over 10 years in Canada, young adults who immigrated to Canada did not manifest the strong social gradient in smoking apparent in non-immigrants. Identification of factors that protect immigrants from manifesting marked social inequalities in smoking could inform the development of smoking preventive intervention sensitive to social inequalities in smoking. Key messages A social gradient in smoking apparent in Canada-born young adults was not observed in same-age immigrants. Factors that protect immigrants against social inequalities in smoking should be identified.

scholarly journals Do Social Inequalities in Smoking Differ by Immigration Status in Young Adults Living in an Urban Setting? Findings From the Interdisciplinary Study of Inequalities in Smoking

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1179173X2097272
Author(s):  
Jodi Kalubi ◽  
Zobelle Tchouaga ◽  
Adrian Ghenadenik ◽  
Jennifer O’Loughlin ◽  
Katherine L Frohlich
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
High School Education ◽  
University Education ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study

Objectives: We assessed whether social inequalities in smoking observed among young adults born in Canada were also apparent in same-age immigrants. Methods: Data were drawn from an investigation of social inequalities in smoking conducted in an urban setting (Montreal, Canada). The sample included 2077 young adults age 18 to 25 (56.6% female; 18.9% immigrants who had lived in Canada 11.6 (SD 6.4) years on average). The association between education and current smoking was examined in multivariable logistic regression analyses conducted separately in young adults born in Canada and in immigrants. Results: About 19.5% of immigrants were current smokers compared to 23.8% of young adults born in Canada. In immigrants, relative to those with university education, the adjusted odds ratios (OR) (95% confidence interval) for current smoking were 1.2 (0.6, 2.3) among those with pre-university/vocational training and 1.5 (0.7, 2.9) among those with high school education. In non-immigrants, the adjusted ORs were 1.9 (1.4, 2.5) among those with pre-university/vocational training and 4.0 (2.9, 5.5) among those with high school. Conclusion: Young adults who had immigrated to Canada did not manifest the strong social gradient in smoking apparent in young adults born in Canada. Increased understanding of the underpinnings of this difference could inform development of interventions that aim to reduce social inequalities in smoking.

Polydrug Use Typologies and Childhood Maltreatment in a Nationally Representative Survey of Danish Young Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherie Armour ◽  
Gillian W Shorter ◽  
Jon D Elhai ◽  
Ask Elklit ◽  
Mogens N Christoffersen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Polydrug Use ◽  
Nationally Representative

scholarly journals Use of the Internet as a Health Information Resource Among French Young Adults: Results From a Nationally Representative Survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e128 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Beck ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Richard ◽  
Viet Nguyen-Thanh ◽  
Ilaria Montagni ◽  
Isabelle Parizot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Resource ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Use Of The Internet

scholarly journals Estimating Dementia from Self-Reports of Diagnoses Among Adults Aged 65 and Over: United States, 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 750-750
Author(s):  
Ellen Kramarow
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
School Education ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Dementia Diagnosis ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
First Time ◽  
Complex Sample Design

Abstract Prior research shows that, overall, about 10% of the population aged 65 and over in the U.S. has dementia. Estimating the prevalence of dementia from nationally representative surveys can be accomplished by asking respondents about a diagnosis, by administering a cognitive assessment, or, if available, by examining linked medical claims data. In 2019 for the first time, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) added “dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease” to the questions asking about doctor-diagnosed health conditions. Although estimates derived from doctor-diagnosed questions usually underestimate the true prevalence of a condition, and estimating dementia from self-reports presents additional challenges, they are still useful for many surveillance and research objectives. Early diagnosis of dementia is encouraged to allow patients and their families to plan for future needs. The objective of this research is to describe the noninstitutionalized population aged 65 and over who have a dementia diagnosis, by selected socio-demographic, health, and healthcare utilization characteristics. Point estimates, standard errors, and 95% confidence intervals for percentages are calculated using NHIS adult sample weights and adjusted for the complex sample design of NHIS. Preliminary analyses show that, overall, 4% of the 65 and over noninstitutionalized population has a diagnosis of dementia. About 8% of respondents with less than a high school education reported a dementia diagnosis compared with 2% of those with more than a high school education. Those with a dementia diagnosis were more likely to report depression than those without a dementia diagnosis (44% vs. 14%).

Association of BMI Changes Between Adolescence and Young Adulthood With Smoking Cessation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-362
Author(s):  
Jerome F. Walker ◽  
Paul D. Loprinzi
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Bmi Trajectories

Purpose: Weight gain frequently accompanies smoking cessation. This study examined if increasing body mass index (BMI) during the early years of smoking influences quitting by young adulthood. Design: Longitudinal, observational study using in-home interview data. Setting: National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent and Adult Health (Add Health) 1994 to 2008. Subjects: Nine hundred forty-nine adolescent smokers (12-19 years) followed into young adulthood (20-32 years) through 4 waves of in-home interviews. Measures: Outcome variable: Young adult smoking status (yes or no) reported at in-home interviews. Factors: Gender and 4 longitudinal adolescent/young adult BMI trajectories—normal/normal, normal/overweight, normal/obese, and overweight/obese. Covariates: Race-ethnicity, education, household income, and recent quit attempt in adolescence. Analysis: Binary logistic regression analysis. Results: Overall, the rate at which young adults quit smoking was not significantly different based on gender. However, longitudinal changes in BMI trajectory and gender interact to influence young adult smoking status. Women having normal/overweight and normal/obese BMI trajectories were less likely to quit smoking than men. Odds that young adults having some college or post-high school education quit smoking were greater than those with high school education or less. Conclusion: At a minimum, providing direct information regarding anticipated weight changes after quitting is indicated in smoking cessation intervention, in addition to strategies to mitigate postcessation weight gain. Faced with weight gain, younger smokers, particularly women, may be more resistant to quitting smoking.

scholarly journals Race/Ethnicity, Nativity, and Tobacco Use Among U.S. Young Adults: Results From a Nationally Representative Survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1417-1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Lariscy ◽  
R. A. Hummer ◽  
J. M. Rath ◽  
A. C. Villanti ◽  
M. D. Hayward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Nationally Representative
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