Weight, BMI and stability are risk factors associated with lateral ankle sprains and chronic ankle instability: a meta-analysis

ImportanceLateral ankle sprains (LAS) are common in the general population and may lead to chronic ankle instability (CAI). If patients at risk could be identified, they could receive adequate and on-time treatment.ObjectiveThe purpose of the current review was to identify all reported intrinsic factors associated with sustaining a LAS or progressing to CAI after an initial sprain.Evidence reviewPubMed, Embase, MEDline, Cochrane and PEDro were searched for studies published until July 2019. Articles were selected if they included intrinsic factors related to LAS or CAI, subjects of at least 16 years old, and contained a minimum of 10 patients and 10 controls. Studies were excluded if they concerned reviews or case reports, included patients with previous surgical interventions, concomitant injuries or joint pathology other than ankle instability. Quality of included studies was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool and quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADEpro tool. In case outcomes were described by at least three studies, data were pooled and assessed by performing a meta-analysis. Based on the pooled data, either a fixed-effects model or random-effects model was selected to correct for the degree of heterogeneity.FindingsThe search resulted in a total of 4154 studies. After title and abstract screening and subsequent full-text screening, 80 relevant studies were included. Results of the meta-analyses indicated that, compared with healthy controls, patients with LAS had a higher mean body mass index (BMI). In patients with CAI, a higher weight and a longer time to stabilise after performing a task (eg, jumping) were found compared with healthy controls. Other outcomes could not be compared using a meta-analysis due to heterogeneity in outcome measurement and the great number of different outcomes reported. Identification of the risk factors when patients present themselves after a LAS may help to determine which patients are at risk of recurrent sprains or developing CAI.Conclusions and relevanceBased on the findings in this review, a higher BMI, and a higher weight and neuromuscular stability deficits may be regarded risk factors for sustaining a LAS or developing CAI, respectively.Level of evidenceIII.

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Correction: Weight, BMI and stability are risk factors associated with lateral ankle sprains and chronic ankle instability: a meta-analysis

Journal of ISAKOS Joint Disorders & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/jisakos-2019-000305corr1 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. jisakos-2019-000305corr1

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Chronic Ankle Instability ◽

Ankle Sprains ◽

Lateral Ankle ◽

Factors Associated

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Risk Factors for Lateral Ankle Sprains and Chronic Ankle Instability

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-44-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 611-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Eamonn Delahunt ◽

Alexandria Remus

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sports Medicine ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Chronic Ankle Instability ◽

Ankle Sprains ◽

Lateral Ankle ◽

External Risk ◽

Injury Causation

Lateral ankle sprains (LASs) are a common injury sustained by individuals who participate in recreational physical activities and sports. After an LAS, a large proportion of individuals develop long-term symptoms, which contribute to the development of chronic ankle instability (CAI). Due to the prevalence of LASs and the propensity to develop CAI, collective efforts toward reducing the risk of sustaining these injuries should be a priority of the sports medicine and sports physiotherapy communities. The comprehensive injury-causation model was developed to illustrate the interaction of internal and external risk factors in the occurrence of the inciting injury. The ability to mitigate injury risk is contingent on a comprehensive understanding of risk factors for injury. The objective of this current concepts review is to use the comprehensive injury-causation model as a framework to illustrate the risk factors for LAS and CAI based on the literature.

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Effectiveness of balance training in patients with chronic ankle instability: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053755 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. e053755

Author(s):

Ju Wang ◽

Di Zhang ◽

Tianyu Zhao ◽

Jiang Ma ◽

Song Jin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Balance Training ◽

Chronic Ankle Instability ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Ankle Sprains ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Lateral Ankle

IntroductionLateral ankle sprains are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries. Up to 70% of individuals who sustain lateral ankle sprains develop chronic ankle instability (CAI). Balance training has been used in patients with CAI, but the evidence for its efficacy is inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the short-term (end of the treatment period) and long-term (6 months after treatment) effectiveness of balance training for patients with CAI.Methods and analysisWe will search PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Ovid, EBSCO-host, Pedro, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect, Springer, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Technology Periodical Database (VIP), WanFang Data and China Biology Medicine for reports of randomised trials of balance training in patients with CAI, from inception to 1 October 2021. The language will be restricted to English and Chinese, and articles will be screened and collected by two reviewers independently. Dynamic balance and functional ankle instability are the primary outcomes of this study. Secondary outcomes include pain, ankle range of motion, ankle strength and health-related quality of life. Review Manager V.5.3 software will be used for meta-analysis, and stratification analysis will be conducted for study quality according to the Jadad score. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be conducted. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to assess confidence in the cumulative evidence. The protocol follows the Cochrane Handbook for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for literature-based studies. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.

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Prevalence and risk factors associated with preterm birth in India: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Authorea ◽

10.22541/au.158758076.65534162 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Thangjam Devi ◽

Huidrom Singh

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Factors Associated

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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Dose-Response and Risk Factors for Obliteration of Arteriovenous Malformations Following Radiosurgery: An Update Based on the Last 20 Years of Published Clinical Evidence

Neurosurgery Open ◽

10.1093/neuopn/okab004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shaoyu Zhu ◽

N Patrik Brodin ◽

Madhur K Garg ◽

Patrick A LaSala ◽

Wolfgang A Tomé

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Dose Response ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽

Lesion Size ◽

Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Obliteration Rate ◽

Inverse Variance

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Intracranial arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital lesion that can potentially lead to devastating consequences if not treated. Many institutional cohort studies have reported on the outcomes after radiosurgery and factors associated with successful obliteration in the last few decades. OBJECTIVE To quantitatively assess the dose-response relationship and risk factors associated with AVM obliteration using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. METHODS Data were extracted from reports published within the last 20 yr. The dose-response fit for obliteration as a function of marginal dose was performed using inverse-variance weighting. Risk factors for AVM obliteration were assessed by combining odds ratios from individual studies using inverse-variance weighting. RESULTS The logistic model fit showed a clear association between higher marginal dose and higher rates of obliteration. There appeared to be a difference in the steepness in dose-response when comparing studies with patients treated using Gamma Knife radiosurgery (Elekta), compared to linear accelerators (LINACs), and when stratifying studies based on the size of treated AVMs. In the risk-factor analysis, AVM obliteration rate decreases with larger AVM volume or AVM diameter, higher AVM score or Spetzler-Martin (SM) grade, and prior embolization, and increases with compact AVM nidus. No statistically significant associations were found between obliteration rate and age, sex, prior hemorrhage, prior aneurysm, and location eloquence. CONCLUSION A marginal dose above 18 Gy was generally associated with AVM obliteration rates greater than 60%, although lesion size, AVM score, SM grade, prior embolization, and nidus compactness all have significant impact on AVM obliteration rate.

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Risk factors associated with the development of oral mucositis in pediatric oncology patients: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Oral Diseases ◽

10.1111/odi.13863 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda de Farias Gabriel ◽

Felipe Martins Silveira ◽

Marina Curra ◽

Lauren Frenzel Schuch ◽

Vivian Petersen Wagner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Oral Mucositis ◽

Pediatric Oncology ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Oncology Patients ◽

Factors Associated

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Proportion and risk factors for death by euthanasia in dogs in the UK

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88342-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Camilla Pegram ◽

Carol Gray ◽

Rowena M. A. Packer ◽

Ysabelle Richards ◽

David B. Church ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Sampling Frame ◽

Additional Risk ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Regression Modelling ◽

The Uk ◽

Logistic Regression Modelling

AbstractThe loss of a pet can be particularly distressing for owners, whether the method of death is euthanasia or is unassisted. Using primary-care clinical data, this study aimed to report the demographic and clinical factors associated with euthanasia, relative to unassisted death, in dogs. Method of death (euthanasia or unassisted) and clinical cause of death were extracted from a random sample of 29,865 dogs within the VetCompass Programme from a sampling frame of 905,544 dogs under UK veterinary care in 2016. Multivariable logistic regression modelling was used to evaluate associations between risk factors and method of death. Of the confirmed deaths, 26,676 (89.3%) were euthanased and 2,487 (8.3%) died unassisted. After accounting for confounding factors, 6 grouped-level disorders had higher odds in euthanased dogs (than dogs that died unassisted), using neoplasia as the baseline. The disorders with greatest odds included: poor quality of life (OR 16.28), undesirable behaviour (OR 11.36) and spinal cord disorder (OR 6.00). Breed, larger bodyweight and increasing age were additional risk factors for euthanasia. The results highlight that a large majority of owners will face euthanasia decisions and these findings can support veterinarians and owners to better prepare for such an eventuality.

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A cross sectional study to compare cardiac structure and diastolic function in adolescents and young adults with youth-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study

Cardiovascular Diabetology ◽

10.1186/s12933-021-01328-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amy S. Shah ◽

Scott Isom ◽

Dana Dabelea ◽

Ralph D’Agostino ◽

Lawrence M. Dolan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Diastolic Function ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Youth Study ◽

Hispanic White ◽

Diabetes In Youth

Abstract Aims To compare left ventricular structure (LV) and diastolic function in young adults with youth- onset diabetes by type, determine the prevalence of abnormal diastolic function by diabetes type using published values from age similar healthy controls, and examine the risk factors associated with diastolic function. Methods In a cross sectional analysis we compared LV structure and diastolic function from two dimensional echocardiogram in participants with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) who participated in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Linear models were used to examine the risk factors associated with worse diastolic function. Results Of 479 participants studied, 258 had T1D (mean age 21.2 ± 5.2 years, 60.5% non-Hispanic white, 53.9% female) and 221 had T2D (mean age 24.8 ± 4.3 years, 24.4% non-Hispanic white, 73.8% female). Median diabetes duration was 11.6 years. Participants with T2D had greater LV mass index and worse diastolic function that persisted after adjustment for differences in risk factors compared with participants with T1D (all p < 0.05). Abnormal diastolic function, quantified using healthy controls, was pronounced in both groups but greater in those with T2D than T1D (T2D: 57.7% vs T1D: 47.2%, respectively), p < 0.05. Risk factors associated with worse diastolic function included older age at diabetes diagnosis, female sex, higher BP, heart rate and HbA1c and longer diabetes duration. Conclusions LV structure and diastolic function is worse in individuals with T2D compared to T1D. However, abnormal diastolic function in seen in both groups compared to published values from age similar healthy controls.

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The prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10993-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sohail Akhtar ◽

Jamal Abdul Nasir ◽

Amara Javed ◽

Mariyam Saleem ◽

Sundas Sajjad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Included Study ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Or Education ◽

Meta Regression

Abstract Background The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of diabetes and its associated risk factors in Afghanistan through a systematic review and meta–analysis. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar and the Cochrane library, carried out from inception to April 312,020, without language restriction. Meta–analysis was performed using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse variance weighting. The existence of publication bias was initially assessed by visual inspection of a funnel plot and then tested by the Egger regression test. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were used to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. This systematic review was reported by following the PRISMA guidelines and the methodological quality of each included study was evaluated using the STROBE guidelines. Results Out of 64 potentially relevant studies, only 06 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were considered for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in the general population based on population-based studies were 12.13% (95% CI: 8.86–16.24%), based on a pooled sample of 7071 individuals. Results of univariate meta-regression analysis revealed that the prevalence of diabetes increased with mean age, hypertension and obesity. There was no significant association between sex (male vs female), smoking, the methodological quality of included articles or education (illiterate vs literate) and the prevalence of diabetes. Conclusions This meta-analysis reports the 12.13% prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan,with the highest prevalence in Kandahar and the lowest in Balkh province. The main risk factors include increasing age, obesity and hypertension. Community-based care and preventive training programmes are recommended. Trial registration This review was registered on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020172624).

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