The prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of diabetes and its associated risk factors in Afghanistan through a systematic review and meta–analysis. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar and the Cochrane library, carried out from inception to April 312,020, without language restriction. Meta–analysis was performed using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse variance weighting. The existence of publication bias was initially assessed by visual inspection of a funnel plot and then tested by the Egger regression test. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were used to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. This systematic review was reported by following the PRISMA guidelines and the methodological quality of each included study was evaluated using the STROBE guidelines. Results Out of 64 potentially relevant studies, only 06 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were considered for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in the general population based on population-based studies were 12.13% (95% CI: 8.86–16.24%), based on a pooled sample of 7071 individuals. Results of univariate meta-regression analysis revealed that the prevalence of diabetes increased with mean age, hypertension and obesity. There was no significant association between sex (male vs female), smoking, the methodological quality of included articles or education (illiterate vs literate) and the prevalence of diabetes. Conclusions This meta-analysis reports the 12.13% prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan,with the highest prevalence in Kandahar and the lowest in Balkh province. The main risk factors include increasing age, obesity and hypertension. Community-based care and preventive training programmes are recommended. Trial registration This review was registered on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020172624).

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The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Afghanistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-30152/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sohail Akhtar ◽

Jamal Abdul Nasir ◽

Amara Javed ◽

Mariyam Saleem ◽

Sundas Sajjad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Included Study ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Or Education ◽

Meta Regression

Abstract Background The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of diabetes and its associated risk factors in Afghanistan through a systematic review and meta–analysis. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar and the Cochrane library, carried out from inception to April 31 2020, without language restriction. Meta–analysis was performed using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse variance weighting. The existence of publication bias was initially assessed by visual inspection of a funnel plot and then tested by the Egger regression test. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were used to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. This systematic review was reported by following the PRISMA guidelines and the methodological quality of each included study was evaluated using the STROBE guidelines. Results Out of 64 potentially relevant studies, only 10 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were considered for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in the general population based on population-based studies were 12.14% (95% CI: 10.06–14.39%), based on a pooled sample of 11,699 individuals. Results of univariate meta-regression analysis revealed that the prevalence of diabetes increased with mean age, hypertension and obesity. There was no significant association between sex (male vs female), smoking, the methodological quality of included articles or education (illiterate vs literate) and the prevalence of diabetes. Conclusions This meta-analysis reports a relatively high prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan, with the highest prevalence in Kandahar and the lowest in Balkh province. The main risk factors include increasing age, obesity and hypertension. Community-based care and preventive training programmes are recommended. Trial registration: This review was registered on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020172624).

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Prevalence and risk factors of depression in patients with lung cancer: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-028994 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. e028994 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiao-ru Yan ◽

Xun Chen ◽

Peitong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Assessment Development ◽

Ethical Approval

IntroductionPatients with lung cancer often experience heavy psychological distress, especially depression, which results in poorer quality of life, shorter survival time and greater mortality. Our aim is to summarise data on the prevalence and risk factors of depression in patients with lung cancer.Methods and analysisWe will search PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (SinoMed) for studies on the prevalence and risk factors of depression in patients with lung cancer, which should be published from 1 January 1975 to 25 November 2018 in English/Chinese. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data and assess the risk of bias. We will use RevMan V.5.0 and STATA V.12.0 software for statistical analysis. The I² test will be used to identify the extent of heterogeneity. Publication bias will be assessed by generating a funnel plot and performing the Begg and Egger test. The quality of the systematic review will be evaluated using the AMSTAR (‘A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews’) criteria and ‘The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation’.Ethics and disseminationSince this is a review involving analysis of publicly available data, ethical approval is not required. The final results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018118167.

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Appraising the Accuracy of Ischaemia-Modified Albumin in Diagnosing Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

10.1159/000514382 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Wenhua Shi ◽

Guanghua Tang ◽

Xianshi Zhou ◽

Ye Ye

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Acute Stroke ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Meta Regression ◽

The Cochrane Library

Introduction: Ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a new, sensitive marker of ischaemic diseases that has been approved for diagnosing myocardial ischaemia. However, the accuracy of IMA in the diagnosis of stroke remains to be clarified. The study’s purpose is to assess the potential role of IMA as a diagnostic indicator in stroke. Methods: We carried out a systematic search in Medline, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Science Direct, ISI Web of Knowledge, and the reference lists of relevant articles from the databases’ inception to September 1, 2019. Studies that appraised the diagnostic accuracy of IMA for acute stroke patients were included in our study. Two reviewers extracted data independently and assessed the quality of the retrieved studies, and disagreements were resolved through discussions with a third reviewer. Sensitivities and specificities were pooled by using bivariate diagnostic meta-analysis. We calculated I2 to test the heterogeneity and used meta-regression to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. This systematic review and meta-analysis is registered in international prospective register of systematic reviews (number CRD42020149174). Results: Six studies with 605 patients were eligible for inclusion. Our meta-analysis produced the following outcomes: the mean sensitivity of IMA in diagnosing acute stroke was 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69–0.88) and the specificity was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.71–0.87). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89), and the pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 16 (95% CI, 8–33). There was obvious heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 78%, 95% CI, 53–100). Sensitivity analysis and meta-regression could account for the heterogeneity. Conclusion: IMA is a helpful marker for consideration in the early diagnosis of stroke.

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The Effectiveness of Manual Therapy for Relieving Pain, Stiffness, and Dysfunction in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

January 2018 - Pain Physician ◽

10.36076/ppj.2017.243 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (20;4) ◽

pp. 229-243

Author(s):

Yuelong Cao

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Physical Function ◽

Manual Therapy ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Standard Mean Difference

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common form of arthritis, leading to pain disability in seniors and increased health care utilization. Manual therapy is one widely used physical treatment for KOA. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events (AEs) of manual therapy compared to other treatments for relieving pain, stiffness, and physical dysfunction in patients with KOA. Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of manual therapy for KOA. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of manual therapy for patients with KOA from the inception to October 2015 without language restrictions. RCTs compared manual therapy to the placebo or other interventional control with an appropriate description of randomization. Two reviewers independently conducted the search results identification, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment. The methodological quality was assessed by PEDro scale. Pooled data was expressed as standard mean difference (SMD), with 95% confident intervals (CIs) in a random effects model. The meta-analysis of manual therapy for KOA on pain, stiffness, and physical function were conducted. Results: Fourteen studies involving 841 KOA participants compared to other treatments were included. The methodological quality of most included RCTs was poor. The mean PEDro scale score was 6.6. The meta-analyses results showed that manual therapy had statistically significant effects on relieving pain (standardized mean difference, SMD = -0.61, 95% CI -0.95 to -0.28, P = 76%), stiffness (SMD = -0.58, 95% CI -0.95 to -0.21, P = 81%), improving physical function (SMD = -0.49, 95% CI -0.76 to -0.22, P = 65%), and total score (SMD = -0.56, 95% CI -0.78 to -0.35, P = 50%). But in the subgroups, manual therapy did not show significant improvements on stiffness and physical function when treatment duration was less than 4 weeks. And the long-term information for manual therapy was insufficient. Limitations: The limitations of this systematic review include the paucity of literature and inevitable heterogeneity between included studies. Conclusion: The preliminary evidence from our study suggests that manual therapy might be effective and safe for improving pain, stiffness, and physical function in KOA patients and could be treated as complementary and alternative options. However, the evidence may be limited by potential bias and poor methodological quality of included studies. High-quality RCTs with longterm follow-up are warranted to confirm our findings. Key words: Knee osteoarthritis, manual therapy, systematic review

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Sequential Approach to Differential Diagnosis of TMJ Disorder from Other Oro Facial Muscles Pain – A Systematic Review

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2020/v32i1530604 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 33-41

Author(s):

Rajwinder Singh Brar ◽

Anshu Singh ◽

Nivedita Gautam ◽

Natasha Bathla ◽

Jenny Lalmalsawmi Sailo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Temporomandibular Disorders ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Sequential Approach ◽

Measurement Tools

This systematic review (SR) synthesises recent evidence and assesses the methodological quality of published SRs in the Differential diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Bandolier databases for 1987 to September 2019. Three investigators evaluated the methodological quality of each identified SR using two measurement tools: The assessment of multiple systematic reviews (AMSTAR) and level of research design scoring. Thirty-one SRs met inclusion criteria and 28 were analysed: 20 qualitative SRs and eight meta-analysis. The main aim of this article is to Differential diagnose the pain which is not related to any dental disease. Most of dental clinician have problem to diagnose TMD (Temporomandibular Disorders) and Orofacial Muscle pain. The approach of this article is to simplify the differential diagnosis for better and fast treatment of the respective disease by classifying various TMJ related and muscle related problems.

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Effectiveness of Antalgic Therapies in Patients with Vertebral Bone Metastasis: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18083991 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 3991

Author(s):

Antonio Jose Martin-Perez ◽

María Fernández-González ◽

Paula Postigo-Martin ◽

Marc Sampedro Pilegaard ◽

Carolina Fernández-Lao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Bone Metastasis ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Pharmacological Intervention ◽

Vertebral Metastasis ◽

Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

There is no systematic review that has identified existing studies evaluating the pharmacological and non-pharmacological intervention for pain management in patients with bone metastasis. To fill this gap in the literature, this systematic review with meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different antalgic therapies (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) in the improvement of pain of these patients. To this end, this protocol has been written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020135762). A systematic search will be carried out in four international databases: Medline (Via PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS, to select the randomized controlled clinical trials. The Risk of Bias Tool developed by Cochrane will be used to assess the risk of bias and the quality of the identified studies. A narrative synthesis will be used to describe and compare the studies, and after the data extraction, random effects model and a subgroup analyses will be performed according to the type of intervention, if possible. This protocol aims to generate a systematic review that compiles and synthesizes the best and most recent evidence on the treatment of pain derived from vertebral metastasis.

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Incidence and risk factors of delirium after percutaneous coronary intervention in individuals hospitalised for acute myocardial infarction: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044564 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e044564

Author(s):

Kaizhuang Huang ◽

Jiaying Lu ◽

Yaoli Zhu ◽

Tao Cheng ◽

Dahao Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Coronary Intervention ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Percutaneous Coronary

IntroductionDelirium in the postoperative period is a wide-reaching problem that affects important clinical outcomes. The incidence and risk factors of delirium in individuals with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been completely determined and no relevant systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence or risk factors exists. Hence, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to ascertain the incidence and risk factors of delirium among AMI patients undergoing PCI.Methods and analysesWe will undertake a comprehensive literature search among PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Google Scholar from their inception to the search date. Prospective cohort and cross-sectional studies that described the incidence or at least one risk factor of delirium will be eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome will be the incidence of postoperative delirium. The quality of included studies will be assessed using a risk of bias tool for prevalence studies and the Cochrane guidelines. Heterogeneity of the estimates across studies will be assessed. Incidence and risk factors associated with delirium will be extracted. Incidence data will be pooled. Each risk factor reported in the included studies will be recorded together with its statistical significance; narrative and meta-analytical approaches will be employed. The systematic review and meta-analysis will be presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Ethics and disseminationThis proposed systematic review and meta-analysis is based on published data, and thus there is no requirement for ethics approval. The study will provide an up to date and accurate incidence and risk factors of delirium after PCI among patients with AMI, which is necessary for future research in this area. The findings of this study will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020184388.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Relapse in Patients with ANCA-Associated Vasculitis Receiving Cyclophosphamide Induction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Large Observational Studies

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keaa667 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Peng He ◽

Jin-ping Hu ◽

Xiu-juan Tian ◽

Li-jie He ◽

Shi-ren Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Baseline Serum ◽

Anca Associated Vasculitis ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Cumulative Probabilities ◽

Relapse Rates

Abstract Background Clinical relapses are common in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). The aim of this systematic review was to estimate time-point prevalence and risk factors of relapse. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to March 30, 2020. Cohorts and post-hoc studies were included for the estimation of summary cumulative relapse rates (CRRs) and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were also performed. Results Of the 42 eligible studies, 24 studies with 6236 participants were used for the pooled analyses of CRRs. The summary 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year CRRs were 0.12 (95% CI, 0.10–0.14), 0.33 (0.29–0.38), and 0.47 (0.42–0.52), respectively. In meta-regressions, the baseline age was positively associated with 1-year CRR. The proportion of granulomatosis with polyangiitis was positively associated with 5-year CRR. Twenty-eight studies with 5390 participants were used for the meta-analysis of risk factors for relapse, including a lower level of baseline serum creatine, proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA positivity at diagnosis, an ANCA rise, extrarenal organ involvement (including lung, cardiovascular, upper respiratory, and gastrointestinal involvement), intravenous (vs oral) cyclophosphamide induction, a shorter course of immunosuppressant maintenance, and maintenance with mycophenolate mofetil (vs azathioprine). Conclusions Our systematic review demonstrated that the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year cumulative probabilities of relapse were ∼12%, 33%, and 47% in AAV patients receiving cyclophosphamide induction, respectively. Early identification of risk factors for relapse is helpful to the risk stratification of patients so as to achieve personalized treatment.

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Lumbar Roll Usage While Sitting Reduces the Forward Head Posture in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5171

Author(s):

Yusuke Handa ◽

Kenya Okada ◽

Hiroshi Takasaki

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grade System ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Forward Head Posture ◽

Quality Of Evidence ◽

Head Posture ◽

Head Extension ◽

The Cochrane Library

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether the use of a lumbar roll reduced forward head posture (FHP) while sitting among individuals with or without musculoskeletal disorders. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception to August 2020. The quality of evidence for variables used in the meta-analysis was determined using the GRADE system. Five studies satisfied the criteria for data analysis. All studies included individuals without any spinal symptoms. Data from five studies on neck angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.02) overall effect (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.77), indicating a lesser neck flexion angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. Data from two studies on head angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.04) overall effect (SMD = 0.47), indicating a lesser head extension angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. In each meta-analysis, the quality of evidence was very low in the GRADE system. The use of a lumbar roll while sitting reduced FHP among individuals without spinal symptoms.

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Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

General Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/gpsych-2020-100247 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. e100247

Author(s):

Matt Pelton ◽

Matt Ciarletta ◽

Holly Wisnousky ◽

Nicholas Lazzara ◽

Monica Manglani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

General Population ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Advanced Disease ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Meta Regression ◽

Living With Hiv

BackgroundPeople living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) must contend with a significant burden of disease. However, current studies of this demographic have yielded wide variations in the incidence of suicidality (defined as suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and suicide deaths).AimsThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidality in PLWHA.MethodsPublications were identified from PubMed (MEDLINE), SCOPUS, OVID (MEDLINE), Joanna Briggs Institute EBP and Cochrane Library databases (from inception to before 1 February 2020). The search strategy included a combination of Medical Subject Headings associated with suicide and HIV. Researchers independently screened records, extracted outcome measures and assessed study quality. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the associated risk factors and to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Main outcomes were lifetime incidence of suicide completion and lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.ResultsA total of 185 199 PLWHA were identified from 40 studies (12 cohorts, 27 cross-sectional and 1 nested case-control). The overall incidence of suicide completion in PLWHA was 10.2/1000 persons (95%CI: 4.5 to 23.1), translating to 100-fold higher suicide deaths than the global general population rate of 0.11/1000 persons. The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was 158.3/1000 persons (95%CI: 106.9 to 228.2) and of suicidal ideation was 228.3/1000 persons (95%CI: 150.8 to 330.1). Meta-regression revealed that for every 10-percentage point increase in the proportion of people living with HIV with advanced disease (AIDS), the risk of suicide completion increased by 34 per 1000 persons. The quality of evidence by Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations for the suicide deaths was graded as ‘moderate’ quality.ConclusionsThe risk of suicide death is 100-fold higher in people living with HIV than in the general population. Lifetime incidence of suicidal ideation and attempts are substantially high. Suicide risk assessments should be a priority in PLWHA, especially for those with more advanced disease.

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