2 The association between obstructive sleep apnea severity and cognition in older people

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. e9.1-e9
Author(s):  
Yu-Jun Luo ◽  
Chen-Chen Lo ◽  
Cheng-Yu Tsai ◽  
Yin-Tzu Lin ◽  
Hsin-Mei Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Lower Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Four Levels

Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and dementia has been investigated in recent years. However, the effects of hypoxia during sleep timeon dementia remain unclear. The objective of this study is to associate the score of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) with OSAS. In this study, 67 patients whom were more than 50 years old and have been done for MMSE test and diagnosed with OSAS in sleep center in Taipei from 2015 to 2018. Four levels of OSAS severity were classified by the apnea and hypopnea index (AHI), according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) guideline. Subjects with MMSE scores above 25 and below 25 were served respectively as case group and control group. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations. The average AHI were 28.48 times per hour for case group and 17.93 times per hour for control group. The AHI had a 1.03 fold higher odds ratio (95% CI=0.99 ~ 1.07, p=0.06) for lower score group compared with higher score group. The mean sleep efficiency were 57.8% in lower score group, while higher score group had an average sleep efficiency of 70.3%. Furthermore, sleep efficiency, total sleep time, the ratio of wake to total time in bed as well as the ratio of wake to sleep period time in case group were significant lower than the control group. We observe the associations between MMSE score and some parameters of polysomnography. The subjects with high severity OSAS, insufficient sleep efficacy, longer awake duration and shorter sleep duration could lead to cognitive impairment.

Evaluation of corneal endothelium using specular microscopy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110065
Author(s):  
Murat Serkan Songur ◽  
Yavuz Selim İntepe ◽  
Seray Aslan Bayhan ◽  
Hasan Ali Bayhan ◽  
Ender Şahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Purpose: In the present study we evaluate the corneal endothelium using specular microscopy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods: The study included a total of 100 patients including 35 patients with mild OSAS, 34 patients with moderate OSAS and 31 patients with severe OSAS, and the right eyes of 30 patients as a control group. Patients were examined to exclude the possibility of ocular diseases. Cellular density in the cornea epithelium (cell/mm2), corneal thickness (µ), percentage of hexagonal cells (%) and the coefficient of variation were evaluated using a specular microscope. Results: Corneal thickness was significantly decreased in all OSAS groups when compared to the control group ( p = 0.002), while no significant difference was identified among the OSAS groups. The corneal endothelial cell density, percentage of hexagonal cells and coefficient of variation were significantly different between the OSAS groups and the control group ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: More significant impairments were noted in the corneal endothelium of the patients in the OSAS group than in the control group, and specular microscopy is in valuable in the follow-up and treatment of such patients.

scholarly journals Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Ganglion Cell Complex and Choroidal Thickness Evaluation in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ela Eren ◽  
Nilufer Ilhan ◽  
Sebahat Genc
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) with Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL), Ganglion Cell Complex (GCC) and choroidal tissue thickness (CCT). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 50 patients with OSAS and 50 controls between July 2014-January 2015). OSAS severity was classified by using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). RNFL thickness, GCC thickness and CCT analyses were performed by optic coherence tomography (OCT). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows version 21 software. Results: The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) of the patients with OSAS 16.1±1.37, the cup/disc (C/D) ratio was 0.45±0.17 and vertical C/D ratio was 0.43±0.16. The control group mean IOP was 15.2±1.03, the C/D ratio was 0.36±0.20 and vertical C/D ratio was 0.34±0.19. These are all important measurements in glaucome and statisticallay significant (p=0.00, 0.022, 0.012). Althought the differences between the mean values of all quadrants RNFL thickness were similarly lower in OSAS group, this significance was not statistically different. Similarly the average GCC, minimum GCC and subfoveal CCT values between groups were not significant (p=0.79, 0.53, 0.9).Conclusion: In summary we found that peripapillary RNFL, GCC, CCT did not change with OSAS patients or the severity of OSAS. Further more we found that IOP, C/D ratio and vertical C/D ratio of patients were all significantly higher than control group. However multicenter longterm cohort studies are still needed to assess the definite changes of RNFL thickness, GCC and CCT in OSAS patients.

scholarly journals Prooxidant and antioxidant systems’ indices as the markers of endogenous intoxication in ronchopathy and syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea in the dynamics of treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Yuriy V. Minin ◽  
Natalya M. Voroshilova ◽  
Julia B. Burlaka ◽  
Julia G. Klys ◽  
Tetiana I. Kucherenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
The State ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endogenous Intoxication ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Introduction: Ronchopathy is a chronic progressive disease manifested by upper airway obstruction and chronic respiratory failure. The key process of pathological snoring is the obstructive breathing disorders. The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) develops on the basis of snoring. OSAS is accompanied by episodes of hypoxia and reoxygenation, which cause an increase of the level of reactive free radicals whith following development of the oxidative stress. The activation of peroxidative processes of proteins (POP) and lipids (POL) are initiated by free radicals which are noticeable components of endogenous intoxication (EI). The aim of the study was to investigate the intensity of POP and POL processes, the levels of OSAS components, and the indices EI in patients with ronchopathy and OSAS of varying severity in the dynamics of treatment. Materials and methods: 40 patients with ronchopathy and OSAS were examined at the State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after prof. O.S. Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”. All patients were divided according to the degree of snoring and hypoxia index (HI) into 4 groups of 10 persons each. Control group was formed by 10 healthy donors. The object of biochemical studies was blood serum. The intensity of POP was assessed by reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-hydrazine by the Levin’s method in Reznick’s modification. POL intensity was determined by the interaction with 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) by Goncharenko. Catalase activity was determined by the method of Korolyuk and co-authors. The content of free thiol groups was determined by interaction with 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). The content of medium weight molecules (MWM) and tyrosine-containing peptides (TCPs) were determined by spectroscopy at 254 and 280 nm, respectively. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the software package for biometric data WinPEPI. Results: Prior to the treatment in patients with ronchopathy and OSAS of varying severity, an increase in the content of MWM and TCPs were noted, that indicates the development of endogenous intoxication. In patients of all groups there was an intensification of POP, which was manifested by a significant increase of aDNFGn, aDNFGo, and kDNFGn levels. The content of TBA-positive products in patients with ronchopathy of both groups was at the level of control and increased significantly at progression of pathological process. In addition, in all groups of patients an increase of catalase activity was detected on the background of TCPs level decrease. It was found the efficacy of the offered treatment of patients with ronchopathy and OSAS of varying severity. The indices of EI, POP, POL, and antioxidant system’s were directed to improvement in contrast to the state before treatment, and some of them were improved almost to the level of control. Conclusions: It is established that the progression of hypoxia is accompanied by autointoxication, which is manifested by an increase in the content of MWM, as well as prove for the activation of catabolic reactions and excessive formation of cells’ breakdown products. It was also revealed by the intensification of POP and POL processes, the activation of which are associated with the development of insufficiency of enzymatic and nonenzymatic components of antioxidant system. The performed treatment can be considered as the effective one since on its completion all the studied indices were restored almost to the level of control.

Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on circulating ICAM-1, IL-8, and MCP-1

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eijiro Ohga ◽  
Tetsuji Tomita ◽  
Hiroo Wada ◽  
Hiroshi Yamamoto ◽  
Takahide Nagase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypoxic Stress ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is one of the most important risk factors of cardiovascular disorders. In the treatment of OSAS, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) has been widely used and found to be effective. In the present study, we hypothesized that the hypoxic stress caused by obstructive sleep apnea would increase circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in untreated OSAS patients compared with an age-matched control group. In addition, we hypothesized that nCPAP may decrease OSAS-induced hypoxic stress and mediators. To examine these hypotheses, we measured circulating ICAM-1 and IL-8 before and after nCPAP therapy in OSAS patients. We observed that nCPAP decreased apnea, desaturation, and the circulating ICAM-1 and IL-8 levels in OSAS patients. The circulating levels of ICAM-1, IL-8, and MCP-1 in untreated OSAS patients were significantly greater than those in the controls. These observations suggest that nCPAP therapy could reduce OSAS-induced hypoxia and generation of inflammatory mediators. Treatment of OSAS using nCPAP can be, therefore, a potential approach to decrease risk of the progression of OSAS-associated disorders.

scholarly journals Alterations in Parafoveal and Optic Disc Vessel Densities in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgay Ucak ◽  
Ethem Unver
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Purpose. To analyze the effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on ocular parameters and determine the alterations in macular vasculature by optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) in patients with different stages of OSAS. Methods. All the participants underwent a full ophthalmological examination. Using the macular OCT-A scans, the retinal peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and superficial and deep vessel densities were recorded. Results. A total of 77 patients (154 eyes) with OSAS and 27 control cases (54 eyes) were included in this prospective study. Of the OSAS patients, 27 had mild, 24 had moderate, and 26 had severe disease. The intraocular pressure (IOP) values were significantly higher in the severe OSAS group than the control cases (p=0.001). The average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the RNFL thickness of the temporal and inferior quadrants were significantly lower in the severe OSAS group compared with the control cases (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in the mean RPCP values with a significant increase in the FAZ values of OSAS patients compared with the control group (p=0.001). Both the superficial and deep vascular densities were significantly decreased in OSAS patients, being the lowest in the severe OSAS group. Conclusions. Decreased vascular structures and increased FAZ may also be associated with the disease severity in OSAS and may be the main pathophysiological mechanisms in ocular alterations, which should be investigated in further studies.

Computed Tomography of the Oropharynx in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-G. Larsson ◽  
T. Gislason ◽  
C. E. Lindholm
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Oropharyngeal Airway ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Objective Evidence

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is currently the preferred method for treatment of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). However, only 50 per cent of the patients operated upon are cured by this surgical procedure, and there is a demand for better and more objective selection criteria. Computed tomography (CT) of the oropharynx was obtained in 32 consecutive adult patients with proven OSAS. An additional 15 patients with the same complaints, but without objective evidence of OSAS, were used as a control group, together with 20 normal subjects. The axial widths of the tongue and the genioglossus and hyoglossus muscles were measured by CT. Both the tongue and genioglossus widths were significantly larger in the OSAS patients than in the two control groups (p<0.001). The increased tongue width will cause encroachment of the oropharyngeal airway below the level of the soft palate. Thus, CT can be used to measure the tongue size in order to evaluate its predictive value for the outcome of the UPPP procedure.

scholarly journals Features of heart remodeling in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and its comorbid association with obesity in the context of the senilism concept

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
T. O. Brodovskaya ◽  
O. O. Grishchenko ◽  
I. F. Grishina ◽  
T. F. Peretolchina
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Remodeling ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Aim. To analyze heart remodeling features in with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and its association with obesity in the context of early cardiac aging.Material and methods. The study included 101 men, 41 patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), 30 comorbid patients with OSA and obesity, the control group consisted of 30 healthy people. The average passport age of the patients was 40,4±6,7 years. Evaluation of OSA was carried out by cardiorespiratory monitoring, structural and functional features of the heart condition were studied using the echocardiography method, the average biological age was calculated.Results. Patients of both studied groups were characterized by structural and geometric rearrangement of the left heart chambers, transformation of physiological ellipsoid model into a spherical (left ventricle (LV) sphericity index 0,64±0,07 in the control group, 1,09±0,03 in the OSA group, 1,01±0,03 in the OSA + obesity group, p<0,05), LV hypertrophy (LV myocardial mass index was 78,1±23,9 in the group of healthy individuals, 98,1±11,4 in the OSA group and 116,0±29,4 in the OSA + obesity group, p<0,01). Systolic function in both study groups was preserved however, a tendency to stress of adaptive remodeling mechanisms was revealed. In addition, diastolic dysfunction was detected in both groups, in OSA group was associated with elasticity of the LV wall decrease, and in the OSA + obesity group, both with a violation of elasticity and an increase in the LV wall stiffness. The biological age of patients with OSA is 14% higher than the passport age, and with the association of OSA and obesity, by 39%.Conclusion. The obtained data prove impact of respiratory sleep disorders at heart remodeling as well as increased biological age. At the same time, the association of OSA with obesity has an additive adverse effect on the remodeling processes and the biological age of patients.

scholarly journals Predictors of visceral obesity in normal weight obstructive sleep apnea patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Tatyana O. Brodovskaya ◽  
Egor A. Kovin ◽  
Oxana V. Bazhenova ◽  
Irina F. Grishina ◽  
Tatiana F. Peretolchina
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is epidemiologically related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The pathophysiology clues are metabolic changes and obesity. The most studied anthropometric predictors of obesity, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), are influenced by various factors such as sex, type of constitution, hydration balance. The normal range of BMI and WC limits the diagnostic search for metabolic disturbances and visceral obesity in patients with respiratory sleep distress and can lead to increased cardiovascular risks. AIMS: to investigate the visceral obesity predictors in normal weight patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We had performed а cross-sectional study, 68 patients were examined with mean age of 38.24 7.4 years. The main group (38 individuals) was represented by patients with OSAS. The control group consisted of healthy individuals without OSAS. Alternative markers of visceral obesity, such as lipid accumulation products, visceral obesity index, conicity index have been studied. RESULTS: In the main group we found different disorders of lipid metabolism such as the increase in triglyceride levels by 94%, low-density lipids by 32%, total cholesterol by 10% compared with the control group. Anthropometric evidence was obtained for excessive fat accumulation in patients with normal body weight and OSAS: WC was 89.6 5.7 cm in the main group and was higher than in the control group 83.7 6.3 cm (p = 0.024) due to an increase in the visceral fat compartment, as evidenced by the conicity index (67.2 7.0 and 59.3 6.2 respectively, p = 0.032) and waist to height ratio (0.58 0.05 and 0.53 0.04 in the main and control groups, respectively, p = 0.041). Correlation relationships between the severity of sleep apnea syndrome and visceral obesity indicators were revealed. CONCLUSIONS: Normal weight patients with breathing disorders are at risk of visceral fat obesity and, thereby, increased cardiovascular risk. Assessment of additional markers of visceral obesity in patients with normal body weight and sleep apnea is recommended to include in the dynamic observation programms.

Metamemory Beliefs and Episodic Memory in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnès Daurat ◽  
Nathalie Huet ◽  
Michel Tiberge
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Subjective Sleepiness ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

This study assessed metamemory and its role in actual episodic memory performance in 26 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and 27 healthy controls. Metamemory knowledge and memory beliefs were assessed using the Metamemory Inventory in Adulthood. Episodic memory performance was investigated with the Remember/Know paradigm. Subjective sleepiness was evaluated. Patients underwent a polysomnographic assessment. In contrast to the control group's more stable memory beliefs, patients self-assessed their memory as declining across time, and felt more anxious about their memory. There was only a modest difference between patients' self-perceptions of their memory capacities and those of the control group, but patients' actual memory performance was strongly disturbed. While the later was significantly correlated with severity of obstructive sleep apnea, scores on the Metamemory Inventory in Adulthood scales were not correlated with physiological measures, subjective sleepiness, or episodic memory performance. Obstructive sleep apnea may affect prefrontal cortex functioning and hence the ability to assess one's own memory impairment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Vitamin C Therapy Towards Malondialdehyde Plasma Content on Chronic Tonsillitis Patients With Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Sutji Pratiwi Rahardjo Hiro ◽  
Hiro Salomo Mangape ◽  
Abdul Qadar Punagi ◽  
Andi Nilawati Usman
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Tonsillitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

INTRODUCTION: Sleep Apnea Syndrome is a syndrome with an episode of apnea or hypopnea during sleep. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the vitamin C therapy to plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in patients with chronic tonsillitis who have a risk factor of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), measured pre and post-therapy.METHODS: The design of this study was a clinical trial with pre-test and post-test control group. This study was conducted in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital in Makassar and 30 subjects was enrolled (20 subjects were patients with chronic tonsillitis and OSAS, and 10 subjects were control). The measurement of plasma MDA level was obtained using ELISA method. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test.RESULTS: The results of this study showed a decreasing level of plasma MDA in patients with chronic tonsillitis and OSAS after the vitamin C therapy. However, there was no significant difference between patients who had not received vitamin C therapy.CONCLUSION: The intervention of vitamin C in chronic tonsillitis patients and can reduce levels of plasma MDA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document