scholarly journals Long-term effects of the concomitant use of memantine with cholinesterase inhibition in Alzheimer disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
O L Lopez ◽  
J T Becker ◽  
A S Wahed ◽  
J Saxton ◽  
R A Sweet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Long Term Effects

Neurotrophic approach in preventive therapy of alzheimer disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 488-488
Author(s):  
S. Gavrilova ◽  
I. Kolykhalov ◽  
Y. Fedorova ◽  
M. Odinak ◽  
A. Emelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Ad Therapy

IntroductionDuring the last years a great number of new facts of involving nerve growth factors (NGF) in pathogenesis of Alzheimer Disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases have been received. Discovery of neurotrophic effects of Cerebrolysin similar to NGF attracted new attention to it (Rockenstein E. et al. 2000).Clinical study of long-term effects of Cerebrolysin has proved that Cerebrolysin has positive modifying action on the dementia progression (Gavrilova S.I. et al., 2003). That's why we suggest that Cerebrolysin may prevent or slow down clinical manifestation of dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) of amnestic type.The aim of the present study was to investigate in an open comparative prospective clinical trial ability of Cerebrolysin to slow down or prevent transition of MCI syndrome into the clinically evident AD in 2 groups of patients repeatedly treated with 1 month courses of Cerebrolysin or Cavinton during a period of 3 years.Methods110 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of MCI of amnestic typewere included. During the clinical trial patients were assessed with a set of clinical scales and a battery of neuropsychological cognitive tests. Genotyping for the APOE polymorphism was performed as well.ResultsThe superiority of Cerebrolysin over Cavinton in slowing down of the cognitive deficit progression and delaying the time or transition of MCI patients to the diagnostic category of Alzheimer disease during 3 years was demonstrated. Cerebrolysin was particularly effective in MCI patients with the ApoE4 (+) genotype.ConclusionCerebrolysin could be recommended as a preventive AD therapy.

scholarly journals Aluminum as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pricilla Costa Ferreira ◽  
Kamila de Almeida Piai ◽  
Angela Maria Magosso Takayanagui ◽  
Susana Inés Segura-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Aluminum Exposure ◽  
The World

The purpose of the study was to condense existing scientific evidence about the relation between aluminum (Al) exposure and risk for the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), evaluating its long-term effects on the population's health. A systematic literature review was carried out in two databases, MEDLINE and LILACS, between 1990 and 2005, using the uniterms: "Aluminum exposure and Alzheimer Disease" and "Aluminum and risk for Alzheimer Disease". After application of the Relevance Test, 34 studies were selected, among which 68% established a relation between Al and AD, 23.5% were inconclusive and 8.5% did not establish a relation between Al and AD. Results showed that Al is associated to several neurophysiologic processes that are responsible for the characteristic degeneration of AD. In spite of existing polemics all over the world about the role of Al as a risk factor for AD, in recent years, scientific evidence has demonstrated that Al is associated with the development of AD.

Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
T. M. Seed ◽  
M. H. Sanderson ◽  
D. L. Gutzeit ◽  
T. E. Fritz ◽  
D. V. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ovarian Pathology ◽  
Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

Ultrastructural investigations of MDL 19,660-induced effects on the canine platelet and megakaryocyte

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
D.E. Loudy ◽  
J. Sprinkle-Cavallo ◽  
J.T. Yarrington ◽  
F.Y. Thompson ◽  
J.P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Internal Architecture

Previous short term toxicological studies of one to two weeks duration have demonstrated that MDL 19,660 (5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-3Hl, 2,4-triazole-3-thione), an antidepressant drug, causes a dose-related thrombocytopenia in dogs. Platelet counts started to decline after two days of dosing with 30 mg/kg/day and continued to decrease to their lowest levels by 5-7 days. The loss in platelets was primarily of the small discoid subpopulation. In vitro studies have also indicated that MDL 19,660: does not spontaneously aggregate canine platelets and has moderate antiaggregating properties by inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation. The objectives of the present investigation of MDL 19,660 were to evaluate ultrastructurally long term effects on platelet internal architecture and changes in subpopulations of platelets and megakaryocytes.Nine male and nine female beagle dogs were divided equally into three groups and were administered orally 0, 15, or 30 mg/kg/day of MDL 19,660 for three months. Compared to a control platelet range of 353,000- 452,000/μl, a doserelated thrombocytopenia reached a maximum severity of an average of 135,000/μl for the 15 mg/kg/day dogs after two weeks and 81,000/μl for the 30 mg/kg/day dogs after one week.

Long-Term Effects of Head Lice Tx Unknown

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
MITCHEL L. ZOLER
Keyword(s):  
Head Lice ◽  
Long Term Effects

The response of skin perfusion and of rheological and immunological variables to intravenous prostanoid administration in Raynaud’s phenomenon secondary to collagenosis

VASA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drinda ◽  
Neumann ◽  
Pöhlmann ◽  
Vogelsang ◽  
Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry

Background: Prostanoids are used in the treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon and acral perfusion disorders secondary to collagenosis. In subjective terms, intravenous administration of these agents produces success in more than 50% of patients. The therapeutic outcome of clinical administration of alprostadil or iloprost may vary from individual to individual. Patients and methods: The following variables were analysed in a cross-over study in 27 patients with collagenosis and Raynaud’s phenomenon: plasma viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation (rheological variables), partial pressure of oxygen and laser Doppler flowmetry in the finger region, and lymphocyte phenotyping and interleukin (IL) determinations (immunological variables). Results: Laser Doppler flowmetry revealed significant differences between patients with secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon and a control group of 25 healthy subjects. Laser Doppler readings did not change significantly as a result of the treatments. Therapy with iloprost produced a reduction in IL-1beta, L-selectin (CD 62 L) and IL-6. Conclusion: The change in immunological variables due to iloprost may explain the long-term effects of prostaglandins in the treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon. From our results it is not possible to infer any preference for iloprost or alprostadil.

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