scholarly journals Epilepsy, literature and linguistics: spotlighting subjective symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sanchez-Davies
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Seizure Type ◽  
Fictional Characters ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Literature And Linguistics ◽  
Children's Picture Books ◽  
And Linguistics

Literature can offer a wealth of information about epilepsy: from complex narratives to children’s picture books, it can help broaden people’s understanding, show what it is like to live with epilepsy and provide a medium to which people with epilepsy (PWE) can relate. The latter being particularly important in such cases where seizure experiences are highly subjective, such as those associated with ‘focal seizures’, a common seizure type, which are known for their variable and hard-to-describe symptoms, causing complications with diagnosis as many of the symptoms overlap with those of other psychological health conditions.Literature, however, has more to offer than acting as a source for demystifying epilepsy. On a disciplinary level, literature is surrounded by different frameworks for linguistic analysis which, importantly, are also applicable to real-life discourse. In particular, the well-established discipline, cognitive stylistics, provides ample theory for analysing the different facets of literature, from narratological and storyworld level, to the intricacies of characterisation revealing the structure behind the presentation of fictional characters’ experiences, attitudes and personalities. Such methods have the potential to transform and decode complex, subjective experiences into manageable pieces of information. This, then, holds great potential for shedding light on the experiences of real-life seizure narratives to the extent that the identified seizure’s linguistic ‘profiles’ can be used to aid real-life situations. Therefore, the present study calls to attention the potential evoked through the convergence between literature, linguistic analysis, fictional characters, PWE and seizure narratives. Extrapolating the qualities of these converging strands can enrich our understanding of the seizure experience, as well as bring to awareness the areas of risk that surround aspects of the diagnosis process.

The Language of Fiction

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Fictional Characters ◽  
New Research ◽  
Fictional Names ◽  
Philosophy Of Fiction ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Literary Techniques ◽  
Fictional Story ◽  
Fictional Truth

The Language of Fiction brings together new research on fiction from philosophy and linguistics. Fiction is a topic that has long been studied in philosophy. Yet recently there has been a surge of work on fictional discourse in the intersection between linguistics and philosophy of language. There has been a growing interest in examining long-standing issues concerning fiction from a perspective informed both by philosophy and linguistic theory. The Language of Fiction contains fourteen essays by leading scholars in both fields, as well as a substantial Introduction by the editors. The collection is organized in three parts, each with their own introduction. Part I, “Truth, reference, and imagination”, offers new, interdisciplinary perspectives on some of the central themes from the philosophy of fiction: What is fictional truth? How do fictional names refer? What kind of speech act is involved in telling a fictional story? What is the relation between fiction and imagination? Part II, “Storytelling”, deals with themes originating from the study of narrative: How do we infer a coherent story from a sequence of event descriptions? And how do we interpret the words of impersonal or unreliable narrators? Part III, “Perspective shift”, zooms in on an alleged key characteristic of fictional narratives, viz. the way we get access to the fictional characters’ inner lives, through a variety of literary techniques for representing what they say, think, or see.

Psychological and Linguistic Analysis of Concept «Unynie» as a Clue to the Framework of Suicides

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-151
Author(s):  
Александр Добросельский
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Enforcement Mechanism ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
The Church ◽  
Artificial Origin ◽  
Ancient Texts

Автор статьи ставит целью найти механизм суицида через анализ слова и понятия «уныние». В качестве методов используются этимологический анализ, анализ слова «уныние» на стыке богословия, психологии и лингвистики. Указанные методы позволяют понять, что «уныние» происходит от славянского слова «ныть (нытьё)», которое использовалось для описания неблагополучия телесного. С помощью приставки «у» было создано новое слово, имеющее тот же смысл неблагополучного состояния, но для духа человека, что подтверждается несколькими древними текстами. Общий для этих слов праиндоевропейский корень «nu» подразумевает бездеятельное, беспечное и бесперспективное предстояние перед исполненным нужды и мучений настоящим и отчаяние в будущем. Данный вывод весьма важен для изучения механизма суицидального поведения, дабы найти методы его разрушения, который могли бы взять на вооружение педагоги и психологи. Последнюю тему мы предложим читателю в следующей статье. In the act of suicide there is an enforcement mechanism that matures in low spirits and is triggered by despair. The key issue is finding a method to destroy such a mechanism in order to help educators and psychologists. This article is an attempt to find the framework of suicide through an analysis of the word and concept of «уныние». The etymological study of the word «уныние» shows that it has an artificial origin and occurs for any functions only in the Slavonic Church and languages it influenced on. The word «уныние» is used to name a sinful situation. The study of the word «уныние» is at the intersection of theology, psychology and linguistics and makes it possible to understand that the word «уныние» came into existent simultaneously with the Church Slavonic. There was a word «ныть (нытьё)» in the Slavic languages. It is used to describe physical ill-being. The new word was created by adding prefix «у» to describe spiritual ill-being. Some ancient texts corroborate it. Common for these words etymological proto-indo-european root «nu» fills the word «уныние» with the meaning of inactive, careless and hopeless status before the miserable and bitter, present and desolation in the future. This conclusion is highly significant to follow in the next article, studying the framework of suicidal behavior.

scholarly journals Frankly, We Do Give a Damn

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 816-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilad Feldman ◽  
Huiwen Lian ◽  
Michal Kosinski ◽  
David Stillwell
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aggregate Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

There are two conflicting perspectives regarding the relationship between profanity and dishonesty. These two forms of norm-violating behavior share common causes and are often considered to be positively related. On the other hand, however, profanity is often used to express one’s genuine feelings and could therefore be negatively related to dishonesty. In three studies, we explored the relationship between profanity and honesty. We examined profanity and honesty first with profanity behavior and lying on a scale in the lab (Study 1; N = 276), then with a linguistic analysis of real-life social interactions on Facebook (Study 2; N = 73,789), and finally with profanity and integrity indexes for the aggregate level of U.S. states (Study 3; N = 50 states). We found a consistent positive relationship between profanity and honesty; profanity was associated with less lying and deception at the individual level and with higher integrity at the society level.

Locating stylistics in the discipline of English studies: a case study analysis of A.E. Housman’s ‘From Far, from Eve and Morning’

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-149
Author(s):  
Andrew Goatly
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Musical Structure ◽  
English Studies ◽  
Clause Structure ◽  
Music Criticism ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
And Linguistics

Abstract Literary stylistics, whose subject matter is literary language, straddles the disciplines of literary criticism and linguistics, as Henry Widdowson pointed out 45 years ago. Since then, developments in discourse analysis and multimodal studies have had the potential to expand the map of the interactions between different disciplines. This case study performs a traditional stylistic analysis of the poem ‘From Far, from Eve and Morning’ from A E Housman’s A Shropshire Lad but also demonstrates the potential for a multimodal perspective on stylistics by relating it to a musical analysis of Vaughan-Williams’ setting of the poem. It begins with a linguistic analysis of phonology, graphology and punctuation, lexis, phrase structure, clause structure and clausal semantics. It proceeds to a discourse analysis of pragmatics and discourse structure. And it ends by relating the linguistic and discoursal analysis to the music through music criticism. By way of conclusion, it suggests that both linguistic analysis and appreciation of musical structure and mood are useful ways into Spitzer’s philological circle, by which linguistic analysis and musical appreciation can pave the way for literary appreciation.

Priorities at the Bedside

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Ingrid Miljeteig ◽  
Addisu Melkie ◽  
Frehiwot Berhane Defaye ◽  
Ermias Dessie ◽  
Kristine Husøy Onarheim
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
The People ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditures ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Financial Burdens ◽  
Allocation Decisions

Out-of-pocket health expenditure is a barrier to accessing basic health care. It imposes major financial burdens, which may drive patients and their families into poverty, which again can aggravate their health conditions. This chapter offers a glimpse into real-life dilemmas and decisions by presenting Ethiopian families’ and health workers’ narratives and experiences of catastrophic health expenditures. The aim is to provide a nuanced understanding of the lived experiences of the people behind the numbers. The chapter draws on material from multiple fieldwork experiences in Ethiopia, from the authors’ experiences as health workers in Ethiopia, and from a national survey of Ethiopian physicians. This material shows how overarching global and national priorities influences families’ and health workers’ allocation decisions. Bringing out the actual dilemmas people face can supplement and inform our understanding of the more theoretical and methodological chapters in this book.

Discrepant Affects

2020 ◽  
pp. 176-200
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gilmore
Keyword(s):  
Actual World ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Fictional Characters ◽  
Actual Experience

This chapter addresses a puzzling feature of one’s engagement with certain kinds of fictions. This is the problem of discrepant affects: one sometimes takes pleasure in fictional events that one would deplore in real life; one aligns oneself with or even admires fictional characters whom one would find despicable if encountered in the actual world; and one forms desires for events to occur in fictions that, in actual experience, one would want to prevent. Highlighting certain dimensions of simulative and empathetic processes, this chapter explains such normatively deviant responses as reflecting an appropriate fiction-motivated breakdown in the quarantine separating how one really values things from how one only imagines doing so.

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