Optical coherence tomography: a window to the brain?

2021 ◽  
pp. practneurol-2020-002824
Author(s):  
Clare Fraser ◽  
Christian J Lueck
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Optic Disc Drusen ◽  
The Brain

First described in 1991 and introduced into clinical practice in 1996, optical coherence tomography (OCT) now has a very extensive role in many different areas of ophthalmological practice. It is non-invasive, cheap, highly reproducible, widely available and easy to perform. OCT also has a role in managing patients with neurological disorders, particularly idiopathic intracranial hypertension. This review provides an overview of the technology underlying OCT and the information it can provide that is relevant to the practising neurologist. Particular conditions discussed include papilloedema, optic disc drusen, multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica, other optic neuropathies, compression of the anterior visual pathway and various neurodegenerative conditions.

scholarly journals The role of optical coherence tomography and infrared oculography in assessing the visual pathway and CNS in multiple sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danko Coric ◽  
Jenny A Nij Bijvank ◽  
Laurentius J van Rijn ◽  
Axel Petzold ◽  
Lisanne J Balk
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
Optical Coherence

Optical coherence tomography and multiple sclerosis: Update on clinical application and role in clinical trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 624-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Lambe ◽  
Shiv Saidha ◽  
Robert A Bermel
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Retinal Pathology ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has emerged as a fast, non-invasive, inexpensive, high-resolution imaging technique in multiple sclerosis (MS). Retinal layer quantification by OCT facilitates a ‘window’ into not only local retinal pathology but also global neurodegenerative processes, recognised to be the principal substrates of disability accumulation in MS. While OCT measures in MS have been demonstrated to reflect visual function, inflammatory activity outside of the visual pathways, disability measures including the prediction of disability progression, whole brain atrophy, and the differential neuroprotective effects of disease-modifying therapies, debate continues regarding the clinical utility of OCT in everyday practice. This review presents an overview of the evidence supporting OCT, with particular focus on its application in the MS clinic. We will also discuss the role of OCT in MS clinical trials to develop novel neuroprotective and potential remyelinating therapies.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Neurodegenerative Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Pellegrini ◽  
Aldo Vagge ◽  
Lorenzo Ferro Desideri ◽  
Federico Bernabei ◽  
Giacinto Triolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Retinal Microcirculation

Retinal microcirculation shares similar features with cerebral small blood vessels. Thus, the retina may be considered an accessible ‘window’ to detect the microvascular damage occurring in the setting of neurodegenerative disorders. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a non-invasive imaging modality providing depth resolved images of blood flow in the retina, choroid, and optic nerve. In this review, we summarize the current literature on the application of OCT-A in glaucoma and central nervous system conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Future directions aiming at evaluating whether OCT-A can be an additional biomarker for the early diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative disorders are also discussed.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Intermediate and Late Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Review of Current Technical Aspects and Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8865
Author(s):  
Adriano Carnevali ◽  
Rodolfo Mastropasqua ◽  
Valentina Gatti ◽  
Sabrina Vaccaro ◽  
Alessandra Mancini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Age Related

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive diagnostic instrument that has become indispensable for the management of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). OCTA allows quickly visualizing retinal and choroidal microvasculature, and in the last years, its use has increased in clinical practice as well as for research into the pathophysiology of AMD. This review provides a discussion of new technology and application of OCTA in intermediate and late AMD.

scholarly journals First in vivo visualization of the human subarachnoid space and brain cortex via optical coherence tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628641984304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Hartmann ◽  
Klaus-Peter Stein ◽  
Belal Neyazi ◽  
Ibrahim Erol Sandalcioglu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Subarachnoid Space ◽  
Brain Cortex ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Pia Mater ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Brain

The present work explores optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a suitable in vivo neuroimaging modality of the subarachnoid space (SAS). Patients ( n = 26) with frontolateral craniotomy were recruited. The temporal and frontal arachnoid mater and adjacent anatomical structures were scanned using microscope-integrated three-dimensional OCT, (iOCT). Analysis revealed a detailed depiction of the SAS (76.9%) with delineation of the internal microanatomical structures such as the arachnoid barrier cell membrane (ABCM; 96.2%), trabecular system (50.2%), internal blood vessels (96.2%), pia mater (26.9%) and the brain cortex (96.2%). Orthogonal distance measuring was possible. The SAS showed a mean depth of 570 µm frontotemporal. The ABCM showed a mean depth of 74 µm frontotemporal. These results indicate that OCT provides a dynamic, non-invasive tool for real-time imaging of the SAS and adjacent anatomical structures at micrometer spatial resolution. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the value of OCT during microsurgical procedures.

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