scholarly journals P217 Evaluation of upper airway (ua) anthropometry using magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and lateral cephalometry in patients of obstructive sleep apnoea (osa) in north indian population

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Chaudhry ◽  
B Prajapat ◽  
S Singh ◽  
S Rohilla
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Lateral Cephalometry

scholarly journals Obesity, The Single Most Important Risk Factor for OSA: A Case Report

Pulse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
SMAA Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Airway Narrowing ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Normal Controls

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive airflow reduction caused by collapse of the upper airway during sleep in addition to daytime sleepiness, clinical symptoms include fatigue, insomnia, and snoring. The condition is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cognitive impairment, and metabolic abnormalities.1 Among the risk factors for OSA, obesity is probably the most important. Several studies have consistently found an association between increased body weight and risk of OSA. Tomographic scanned images have shown that obesity causes increased fatty deposits in the pharyngeal area.2 The deposits encroach on the airway and contribute to airway narrowing. Also, among obese patients as compared to normal controls, fat deposits appear to alter the shape of the upper airway without necessarily reducing the cross-sectional area. M. A. Ciscar et al used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate differences between obese and normal controls.2 Ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging was used to study the upper airway and surrounding soft tissue in 17 patients with OSA during wakefulness and sleep, and in eight healthy subjects whilst awake. Coronal sections of awake OSA patients showed elliptical-shaped airways with long axes that were oriented anteroposterior; normal controls had airways that were oriented transversely. Studies using computed tomography have produced similar results.14Pulse Vol.10 January-December 2017 p.38-41

scholarly journals Effects of octreotide on sleep apnoea and tongue volume (magnetic resonance imaging) in patients with acromegaly

2004 ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
BL Herrmann ◽  
TE Wessendorf ◽  
W Ajaj ◽  
S Kahlke ◽  
H Teschler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Active Acromegaly ◽  
Tongue Volume

OBJECTIVES: Sleep apnoea has been consistently reported to occur in acromegaly. Both obstructive apnoeas, in which apnoeas are due to intermittent obstruction of the upper airways, as well as central apnoeas are known to occur. Because the relationship between disease activity and severity of sleep apnoea is currently unclear, we have performed a prospective study to address this issue. DESIGN AND METHODS: In 14 newly diagnosed patients with active acromegaly (eight females and six males; mean age 57+/-4 years; IGF-I 583+/-48 microg/l; GH 13.5+/-7.0 microg/l (means+/-s.e.m.)), tongue volume and signal intensity of the tongue were examined by magnetic resonance imaging and sleep apnoea was characterised by polysomnography before and after 6 months of treatment with octreotide acetate (Sandostatin LAR 10-30 mg every 4 weeks i.m.). RESULTS: The initial tongue volume was significantly higher in patients with acromegaly (151+/-9 ml; females 133+/-10 ml; males 172+/-10 ml) in comparison with the body mass index (BMI)- and age-matched healthy control group (97+/-5 ml, P<0.001; females 75+/-1 ml, P<0.001; males 120+/-3 ml, P<0.003). After treatment with octreotide, IGF-I was normalised within the age-adjusted normal range in 50% of the patients. In these patients, tongue volume significantly decreased (120+/-14 ml, P<0.05) in comparison with the persistent uncontrolled group of acromegalics (137+/-10 ml, P=not significant). Overall, tongue volume (128+/-8 ml, P<0.05) and the signal intensity ratio of the tongue decreased significantly after treatment with octreotide acetate (120+/-3 vs 105+/-3, P=0.003). The BMI-adjusted tongue volume correlated with IGF-I levels (r=0.60, P<0.002) and the disease duration (r=0.71, P=0.006). At baseline, 50% had obstructive sleep apnoea with a mean respiratory disturbance index (RDI) of >20/h (range 5.1-91.5) and no patient had central sleep apnoea. After 6 months of octreotide treatment, there was a 28+/-10% decrease in RDI. However, RDI did not correlate with IGF-I or GH levels, but correlated positively with BMI (r=0.58, P=0.001) and age (r=0.46, P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Obstructive sleep apnoea but not central sleep apnoea frequently occurs in patients with active acromegaly. Successful treatment with octreotide can decrease tongue volume, which may have benefits for coexisting sleep-disordered breathing.

scholarly journals MRI flow measurements with a flexible stenosis phantom

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 565-568
Author(s):  
Alina Ibbeken ◽  
Pragathi Gurumurthy ◽  
Fenja Zell ◽  
Christina Hagen ◽  
Martin A. Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder caused by the collapse of the upper airway during sleep due to a shift of soft tissues. To optimise the treatment, one needs a better understanding of the patient-specific causes of OSA. As a first step, a flexible tube with a stenosis was manufactured, representing a simple model of the pharynx geometry. The phantom has been used to carry out magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) flow sensitive measurements, to investigate the flow conditions that lead to the collapse. This contribution is concerned with the comparison and analysis of the flow and phantom deformation using varying boundary conditions, such as the Reynolds number and transmural pressure.

scholarly journals Upper Airway Changes following Functional Treatment with the Headgear Herbst or Headgear Twin Block Appliance Assessed on Lateral Cephalograms and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Gu ◽  
Fabio Savoldi ◽  
Urban Hägg ◽  
Colman P. J. McGrath ◽  
Ricky W. K. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Functional Treatment ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Objective. The present study compared the changes in the upper airway dimensions and sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) condition between functional treatment with the headgear Herbst (HG-Herbst) and headgear Twin Block (HG-TB) appliance. Soft tissues were assessed on lateral cephalometric X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods. Consecutive patients who sought orthodontic treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry of The University of Hong Kong were screened. Adolescents (12-17 year sold for boys and 10-15 years old for girls), with class II molar relationship and overjet >5 mm, with no severe transverse maxillary deficiency, were recruited. Patients were assigned either to the HG-Herbst or to the HG-TB treatment by stratified block randomisation, with sex as the stratification factor. Lateral cephalograms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) were obtained at baseline and after treatment. Results. 28 patients were enrolled, and 26 patients (13 in each group) completed the treatment. Following 1 year of functional appliance treatment, a significantly lower increase of the lower anterior facial height was observed in the HG-Herbst group compared to the HG-TB group (p = 0.024). However, no significant differences were observed in the upper airway structures or SRBD between the two groups. Conclusion. The changes in upper airway dimensions and SRBD condition were not significantly different between the HG-Herbst and the HG-TB appliance treatment. Additional studies with larger sample size are warranted.

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