scholarly journals MRI flow measurements with a flexible stenosis phantom

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 565-568
Author(s):  
Alina Ibbeken ◽  
Pragathi Gurumurthy ◽  
Fenja Zell ◽  
Christina Hagen ◽  
Martin A. Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder caused by the collapse of the upper airway during sleep due to a shift of soft tissues. To optimise the treatment, one needs a better understanding of the patient-specific causes of OSA. As a first step, a flexible tube with a stenosis was manufactured, representing a simple model of the pharynx geometry. The phantom has been used to carry out magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) flow sensitive measurements, to investigate the flow conditions that lead to the collapse. This contribution is concerned with the comparison and analysis of the flow and phantom deformation using varying boundary conditions, such as the Reynolds number and transmural pressure.

scholarly journals Upper Airway Changes following Functional Treatment with the Headgear Herbst or Headgear Twin Block Appliance Assessed on Lateral Cephalograms and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Gu ◽  
Fabio Savoldi ◽  
Urban Hägg ◽  
Colman P. J. McGrath ◽  
Ricky W. K. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Functional Treatment ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Objective. The present study compared the changes in the upper airway dimensions and sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) condition between functional treatment with the headgear Herbst (HG-Herbst) and headgear Twin Block (HG-TB) appliance. Soft tissues were assessed on lateral cephalometric X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods. Consecutive patients who sought orthodontic treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry of The University of Hong Kong were screened. Adolescents (12-17 year sold for boys and 10-15 years old for girls), with class II molar relationship and overjet >5 mm, with no severe transverse maxillary deficiency, were recruited. Patients were assigned either to the HG-Herbst or to the HG-TB treatment by stratified block randomisation, with sex as the stratification factor. Lateral cephalograms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) were obtained at baseline and after treatment. Results. 28 patients were enrolled, and 26 patients (13 in each group) completed the treatment. Following 1 year of functional appliance treatment, a significantly lower increase of the lower anterior facial height was observed in the HG-Herbst group compared to the HG-TB group (p = 0.024). However, no significant differences were observed in the upper airway structures or SRBD between the two groups. Conclusion. The changes in upper airway dimensions and SRBD condition were not significantly different between the HG-Herbst and the HG-TB appliance treatment. Additional studies with larger sample size are warranted.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Disruption of the Posterior Tibial Tendon

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Alexander ◽  
Kenneth A. Johnson ◽  
Thomas H. Berquist
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
The Body ◽  
Posterior Tibial Tendon ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Posterior Tibial ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a useful technique of studying soft tissues of the body, can be very effective in assessing the integrity of tendons. Usually a patient with a complete tear of the posterior tibial tendon has characteristic physical findings. In the patient presented, MRI demonstrated a complete disruption of the posterior tibial tendon, despite the absence of the commonly associated clinical findings. In view of the difficulties encountered with attempted tenography of the completely torn posterior tibial tendon, MRI provides a sensitive alternative diagnostic technique.

scholarly journals Obesity, The Single Most Important Risk Factor for OSA: A Case Report

Pulse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
SMAA Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Airway Narrowing ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Normal Controls

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive airflow reduction caused by collapse of the upper airway during sleep in addition to daytime sleepiness, clinical symptoms include fatigue, insomnia, and snoring. The condition is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cognitive impairment, and metabolic abnormalities.1 Among the risk factors for OSA, obesity is probably the most important. Several studies have consistently found an association between increased body weight and risk of OSA. Tomographic scanned images have shown that obesity causes increased fatty deposits in the pharyngeal area.2 The deposits encroach on the airway and contribute to airway narrowing. Also, among obese patients as compared to normal controls, fat deposits appear to alter the shape of the upper airway without necessarily reducing the cross-sectional area. M. A. Ciscar et al used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate differences between obese and normal controls.2 Ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging was used to study the upper airway and surrounding soft tissue in 17 patients with OSA during wakefulness and sleep, and in eight healthy subjects whilst awake. Coronal sections of awake OSA patients showed elliptical-shaped airways with long axes that were oriented anteroposterior; normal controls had airways that were oriented transversely. Studies using computed tomography have produced similar results.14Pulse Vol.10 January-December 2017 p.38-41

Endometriosis of the sciatic nerve with cyclic sciatica

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozdil Baskan ◽  
Ferda Ozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Gynecological Disorder

Endometriosis is an important gynecological disorder which is characterized by proliferation of the functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, affects most commonly the ovaries and less frequently the gastrointestinal tract, chest, urinary tract, and soft tissues. Endometriosis invading the sciatic nerve is a rare manifestation of a common disease. The cyclic rhythm of pain, associated with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal of the lesion should suggest a diagnosis of endometriosis. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent irreversible damage to the sciatic nerve.

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