scholarly journals Upper Airway Changes following Functional Treatment with the Headgear Herbst or Headgear Twin Block Appliance Assessed on Lateral Cephalograms and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Gu ◽  
Fabio Savoldi ◽  
Urban Hägg ◽  
Colman P. J. McGrath ◽  
Ricky W. K. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Functional Treatment ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Objective. The present study compared the changes in the upper airway dimensions and sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) condition between functional treatment with the headgear Herbst (HG-Herbst) and headgear Twin Block (HG-TB) appliance. Soft tissues were assessed on lateral cephalometric X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods. Consecutive patients who sought orthodontic treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry of The University of Hong Kong were screened. Adolescents (12-17 year sold for boys and 10-15 years old for girls), with class II molar relationship and overjet >5 mm, with no severe transverse maxillary deficiency, were recruited. Patients were assigned either to the HG-Herbst or to the HG-TB treatment by stratified block randomisation, with sex as the stratification factor. Lateral cephalograms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) were obtained at baseline and after treatment. Results. 28 patients were enrolled, and 26 patients (13 in each group) completed the treatment. Following 1 year of functional appliance treatment, a significantly lower increase of the lower anterior facial height was observed in the HG-Herbst group compared to the HG-TB group (p = 0.024). However, no significant differences were observed in the upper airway structures or SRBD between the two groups. Conclusion. The changes in upper airway dimensions and SRBD condition were not significantly different between the HG-Herbst and the HG-TB appliance treatment. Additional studies with larger sample size are warranted.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Disruption of the Posterior Tibial Tendon

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Alexander ◽  
Kenneth A. Johnson ◽  
Thomas H. Berquist
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
The Body ◽  
Posterior Tibial Tendon ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Posterior Tibial ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a useful technique of studying soft tissues of the body, can be very effective in assessing the integrity of tendons. Usually a patient with a complete tear of the posterior tibial tendon has characteristic physical findings. In the patient presented, MRI demonstrated a complete disruption of the posterior tibial tendon, despite the absence of the commonly associated clinical findings. In view of the difficulties encountered with attempted tenography of the completely torn posterior tibial tendon, MRI provides a sensitive alternative diagnostic technique.

scholarly journals Comparison of radiography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of hand osteoarthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Kudinsky ◽  
A. V. Smirnov ◽  
L. I. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Bone Marrow Edema ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Hand Osteoarthritis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The article discusses the possibilities and search for the optimal concept of diagnosis of hand osteoarthritis (OA). The data of numerous studies with focus on the comparison of sensitivity and specificity of the main techniques in this type of pathology – standard radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are presented. Determination of the earliest symptoms of OA allows to predict the development of the disease and begin its therapy. The joint space narrowing due to the loss of articular cartilage is the earliest radiological symptom of OA, which is observed in the advanced stage of the disease. MRI, unlike radiography, makes it possible to visualize the articular cartilage, fluid in the joint cavity, bone marrow edema and soft tissues, but it is more expensive and time-consuming method. At present the main difficulty lies in the absence of a standardized system for assessing the MRI hand OA manifestations, as well as insufficient number of investigations in this area.

scholarly journals MRI flow measurements with a flexible stenosis phantom

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 565-568
Author(s):  
Alina Ibbeken ◽  
Pragathi Gurumurthy ◽  
Fenja Zell ◽  
Christina Hagen ◽  
Martin A. Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder caused by the collapse of the upper airway during sleep due to a shift of soft tissues. To optimise the treatment, one needs a better understanding of the patient-specific causes of OSA. As a first step, a flexible tube with a stenosis was manufactured, representing a simple model of the pharynx geometry. The phantom has been used to carry out magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) flow sensitive measurements, to investigate the flow conditions that lead to the collapse. This contribution is concerned with the comparison and analysis of the flow and phantom deformation using varying boundary conditions, such as the Reynolds number and transmural pressure.

Magnetic resonance imaging in gynecological practice

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-441
Author(s):  
A. T. Valiullina ◽  
L. M. Tukhvatullina ◽  
R. F. Bakhtiozin ◽  
I. R. Chuvashaev
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Noninvasive Diagnostics ◽  
Tissue Contrast ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Natural Tissue

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become one of the leading methods of noninvasive diagnostics in the last 10 years. Interest in this type of examination is due to its great potential possibilities: absence of radiation exposure, high natural tissue contrast, obtaining sections of any orientation, possibility of multiple examination and dynamic control, determining not only the anatomical structure of soft tissues, but also their chemical composition.

Effect of Combined Mouth Closure and Chin Lift on Upper Airway Dimensions during Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pediatric Patients Sedated with Propofol

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1617-1623. ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Reber ◽  
Stephan G. Wetzel ◽  
Karl Schnabel ◽  
Georg Bongartz ◽  
Franz J. Frei
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Propofol Sedation ◽  
Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Background In pediatric patients, obstruction of the upper airway is a common problem during general anesthesia. Chin lift is a commonly used technique to improve upper airway patency. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying this technique. Methods The authors studied the effect of the chin lift maneuver on airway dimensions in 10 spontaneously breathing children (aged 2-11 yr) sedated with propofol during routine magnetic resonance imaging. The minimal anteroposterior and corresponding transverse diameters of the pharynx were determined at the levels of the soft palate, dorsum of the tongue, and tip of the epiglottis before and during the chin lift maneuver. Additionally, cross-sectional areas were calculated at these sites, including tracheal areas 2 cm below the glottic level. Results Minimal anteroposterior diameter of the pharynx increased significantly during chin lift at all three levels in all patients. The diameters of the soft palate, tongue, and epiglottis increased from 6.7+/-2.8 mm (SD) to 9.9+/-3.6 mm, from 9.6+/-3.6 mm to 16.5+/-3.1 mm, and from 4.6+/-2.5 mm to 13.1+/-2.8 mm, respectively. The corresponding transverse diameter of the pharynx also increased significantly at all three levels in all patients but without significant predominance. The diameters at the levels of the soft palate, tongue, and epiglottis increased from 15.8+/-5.1 mm to 22.8+/-4.5 mm, from 13.5+/-4.9 mm to 18.7+/-5.3 mm, and from 17.2+/-3.9 mm to 21.2+/-3.7 mm, respectively. Cross-sectional pharyngeal areas increased significantly at all levels (soft palate, from 0.88+/-0.58 cm2 to 1.79+/-0.82 cm2; tongue, from 1.15+/-0.45 cm2 to 2.99+/-1.30 cm2; epiglottis, from 1.17+/-0.70 cm2 to 3.04+/-0.99 cm2), including the subglottic level (from 0.44+/-0.15 cm2 to 0.50+/-0.14 cm2). Conclusions This study shows that all children had a preserved upper airway at all measured sites during propofol sedation. Chin lift caused a widening of the entire pharyngeal airway that was most pronounced between the tip of the epiglottis and the posterior pharyngeal wall. In pediatric patients, chin lift may be used as a standard procedure during propofol sedation.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging changes in pediatric temporomandibular joint: literature review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo André Montesinos ◽  
Rosa Cristina Peinado Agudo ◽  
André Camilo de Oliveira ◽  
André Antonio James ◽  
Jefferson Xavier Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Joint Ankylosis

Magnetic resonance imaging is effective to diagnose some diseases that affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of children. The images allow the detection of early stages of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, cases of joint ankylosis and is currently considered the most reliable exam for an objective and noninvasive assessment of intracapsular soft tissues. The objective of this literature review was to assess some of the temporomandibular joint changes in children using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The assessment of TMJs of children performed through MRI make the diagnosis more accurate and objective. Detecting alterations during the early stages of juvenile idiopathic arthritis using 3T MRI devices is possible utilizing contrast tools, which as a result, provides better prognosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Deformable Atlases for the Segmentation of Internal Brain Nuclei in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius George Linguraru ◽  
Miguel Ángel González Ballester ◽  
Nicholas Ayache
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Deep Grey Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly employed for the depiction of soft tissues, most notably the human brain. Computer-aided image analysis techniques lead to image enhancement and automatic detection of anatomical structures. However, the information contained in images does not often offer enough contrast to robustly obtain a good detection of all internal brain structures, not least the deep grey matter nuclei. We propose a method that incorporates prior anatomical knowledge in the shape of digital atlases that deform to fit the image data to be analysed. Our technique is based on a combination of rigid, affine and non-rigid registration, segmentation of key anatomical landmarks and propagation of the information of the atlas to detect deep grey matter nuclei. The Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) and Zubal atlases are employed. Results show that detecting important structures such as the ventricles and brain outlines greatly improves the results. Our method is fully automatic.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Its Applications in Dentistry: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Noninvasive Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Application Fields

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently one of the essential imaging methods in medicine. Since it is a noninvasive method that does not use ionizing radiation, its applications are getting more and more attention in the dentistry field. MRI is specifically used for the evaluation of soft tissues. Temporomandibular disorders, paranasal sinuses, determination of lesion contents and endodontics are just some of the application subjects. The aim of this review is to inform dentists and oral surgeons about the application fields of MRI.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document