Policy incoherence and tobacco control in Indonesia: an analysis of the national tobacco-related policy mix

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056633
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Kramer ◽  
Abdillah Ahsan ◽  
Vaughan W Rees
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Policy Mix ◽  
Political Will ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
Health Finance ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
High Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Ministry Of Finance

IntroductionIndonesia has a high smoking prevalence that has not diminished significantly since 1990. Considering this, we aim to summarise the existing national tobacco-related policy mix and explore markers of policy incoherence in tobacco control between 2014 and 2020.MethodsWe conducted (1) a review and synthesis of Indonesian tobacco-related legislation and regulations; (2) a systematic search and synthesis of related literature and news reporting; and (3) interviews with tobacco control activists and academics to understand political will towards tobacco control regulations and the tobacco industry.ResultsIndonesia’s existing tobacco-related policy mix lies across the president’s office, six national ministries and one independent agency. However, current responsibility lies primarily with four government ministries: Ministries of Health, Finance, Communication and Information, and Trade and Industry, with the Ministry of Finance most active. Evidence demonstrates that official interministerial collaboration was lacking from 2014 to 2020 and suggests that institutional will to introduce more effective tobacco control varies considerably between different arms of government.DiscussionPolitical will differs according to ministerial mandates and priorities, fostering a fragmented policy approach and undermining the development of a coherent response. Without political will from the president or national parliament to create an overarching framework for tobacco control, either via ratification of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control or another mechanism, there remains no formal impetus for intragovernmental cooperation. Nonetheless, this analysis reveals some government progress and ‘pressure points’ that advocates can focus on to promote tobacco control policies within the current policy mix.

scholarly journals Seven years of progress in tobacco control: an evaluation of the effect of nations meeting the highest level MPOWER measures between 2007 and 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T Levy ◽  
Zhe Yuan ◽  
Yuying Luo ◽  
Darren Mays
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Subsequent Reduction ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
Policy Effect ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
High Smoking Prevalence

ObjectiveSince WHO released the package of six MPOWER measures to assist nations with implementing the WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC), 88 countries adopted at least one highest level MPOWER measure. We estimated the subsequent reduction in smoking-related deaths from all new highest level measures adopted between 2007 and 2014.MethodsPolicy effect sizes based on previously validated SimSmoke models were applied to the number of smokers in each nation to determine the reduction in the number of smokers from policy adoption. On the basis of research that half of all smokers die from smoking, we derived the smoking-attributable deaths (SADs) averted of those smokers alive today.FindingsIn total, 88 countries adopted at least one highest level MPOWER policy between 2007 and 2014, resulting in almost 22 million fewer projected SADs. The largest number of future SADs averted was due to increased cigarette taxes (7.0 million), followed by comprehensive smoke-free laws (5.4 million), large graphic health warnings (4.1 million), comprehensive marketing bans (3.8 million) and comprehensive cessation interventions (1.5 million).ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate the immense public health impact of tobacco control policies adopted globally since the WHO-FCTC and highlight the importance of more countries adopting highest level MPOWER measures to reduce the global burden of tobacco use. Substantial additional progress could be made, especially if heavily populated nations with high smoking prevalence were to reach highest level MPOWER measures.

scholarly journals Analysis of the tobacco industry’s interference in the enforcement of health warnings on tobacco products in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl 3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina de Abreu Perez ◽  
Vera Luiza da Costa e Silva ◽  
Stella Aguinaga Bialous
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Original Information ◽  
Regulatory Measure

Abstract: This article aims to analyze the relationship between the Brazilian government’s adoption of a regulatory measure with a strong impact on the population and the opposition by invested interest groups. The methodology involves the analysis of official documents on the enforcement of health warnings on tobacco products sold in Brazil. In parallel, a search was conducted for publicly available tobacco industry documents resulting from lawsuits, with the aim of identifying the industry’s reactions to this process. The findings suggest that various government acts were affected by direct interference from the tobacco industry. In some cases the interventions were explicit and in others they were indirect or difficult to identify. In light of the study’s theoretical framework, the article provides original information on the Brazilian process that can be useful for government policymakers in the strategic identification of tobacco control policies.

Attitudinal and behavioural responses to increasing tobacco control regulation among high smoking prevalence groups: A qualitative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashleigh Parnell ◽  
Emily Box ◽  
Nicole Biagioni ◽  
Billie Bonevski ◽  
Juli Coffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Control Regulation ◽  
High Smoking Prevalence

Government Interventions on Tobacco Control in India: A Critical Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanchita Mukherjee ◽  
U. S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tobacco Taxation

Tobacco use is a serious concern in India since it is one of the largest producers and consumers of tobacco in the world. With growing evidence of health hazards caused by tobacco, Government of India had enacted various tobacco control legislations. This article provides a critical review of such government interventions. It traces tobacco practices and production trends in India, and proceeds further to provide a detailed account of the history of such interventions to understand the effectiveness of such policies, and stresses on the role of tobacco companies to weaken tobacco control policies in India. This article concludes that though tobacco control has taken a long leap forward with the introduction of various legislative steps to prohibit tobacco use across the country, review of these policies shows their inadequacy not only in enforcement but also in issues related to (a) the interference of the tobacco industry, (b) issues with tobacco taxation and (c) the failure of government to rehabilitate people involved with cultivation, production and distribution of tobacco products.

scholarly journals Time series analysis of the impact of tobacco control policies on smoking prevalence among Australian adults, 2001–2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie A Wakefield ◽  
Kerri Coomber ◽  
Sarah J Durkin ◽  
Michelle Scollo ◽  
Megan Bayly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Czech Republic SimSmoke: The Effect of Tobacco Control Policies on Smoking Prevalence and Smoking Attributable Deaths in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Levy ◽  
Hana Ross ◽  
Alexandra Kmetova ◽  
Eva Kralikova ◽  
Michal Stoklosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Cessation Treatment

Background. The Czech Republic has a weak tobacco control record. This paper describes a simulation model examining the effect of future tobacco control policies in the Czech Republic on smoking prevalence and associated future premature mortality. Methods. The model is developed using the SimSmoke simulation model of tobacco control policy. The model uses population, smoking rates and tobacco control policy data for the Czech Republic. It assesses, individually and in combination, the effect of taxes, smoke-free air laws, mass media campaigns, advertising bans, warning labels, cessation treatment, and youth access policies. Results. With a comprehensive set of policies, smoking prevalence can be reduced by as much as 22% in the first year, by 35% in 20 years, and up to 40% in 30 years. By 2040, 5,873 deaths can be averted in that year alone. Without these policies, 113,004 people in the Czech Republic will die prematurely in the next 30 years. Conclusions. The model shows that significant inroads to reducing smoking prevalence and premature mortality can be achieved through tax increases, a high intensity media campaign, a comprehensive cessation treatment program, strong health warnings, stronger smoke-free air laws and marketing bans, and well-enforced youth access laws.

scholarly journals Tobacco industry interference with tobacco control policies in Poland: legal aspects and industry practices: Table 1

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Balwicki ◽  
Michał Stokłosa ◽  
Małgorzata Balwicka-Szczyrba ◽  
Wioleta Tomczak
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies

scholarly journals Tobacco industry tactics in response to extensive tobacco control legislation in Israel

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Bar-Zeev ◽  
C Berg ◽  
S Kislev ◽  
H Geva ◽  
E Godinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Legislative Reform ◽  
Plain Packaging ◽  
Shared Information ◽  
Cigarette Package

Abstract Issue Tobacco control in Israel has been lagging, and smoking rates have remained stable in the last decade (∼20%). In 2018, landmark legislation was passed to go into effect during 2019- 2020. The tobacco and vaping industry employed several tactics to circumvent and test the ability to enforce the new legislation. Examining industry responses to legislative reform in Israel may inform policy and enforcement internationally. Description of the Problem Resulting from strong political will, supportive media, and a strong coalition of tobacco control advocates, the legislation involves: 1) advertising bans in all media, excluding print press; 2) point-of-sales display bans; 3) plain packaging with textual health warning labels; and 4) extending the legislation to include also vaping products. Industry tactics to circumvent/test this legislation were communicated through an active social media group of tobacco control coalition members who shared information regarding such tactics in all geographical areas in Israel and via different media outlets. Results Various measures employed by the industry included, for example, print media advertisements with branded elements in the background (prohibited by law); new signs and display boxes for heated tobacco products and e-cigarettes, at the point-of-sale, that say “An alternative to cigarettes”; distributing branded tin cases for cigarettes; Highlighting different brands online and in print media using colors and fonts that are not allowed as part of plain packaging, and including branded elements inside the cigarette package Lessons Anything not specifically covered or detailed or verbiage that is open to interpretation provides an opening for the industry to circumvent the legislation intentions. It is crucial that legislation be as specific and detailed as possible, anticipate industry efforts to identify such 'loopholes', and compel industry compliance through efficient enforcement. Key messages In response to extensive tobacco control legislation in Israel, the tobacco industry employed various tactics to bypass legislative efforts. Tobacco control legislation and regulation need to use detailed wording to prevent alternative interpretations by the tobacco industry.

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