Renal nephroblastoma in a 10-month-old boxer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001026
Author(s):  
Stephanie Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Wilms Tumour ◽  
Tumour Grading ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Favourable Histology ◽  
Space Occupying Lesion

A 10-month-old male entire Boxer dog was presented for weight loss and abdominal distension with a large mass palpable within the abdomen. A unilateral nephrectomy was performed for a large renal nephroblastoma (30-cm diameter). The nephroblastoma was suspected stage I, with favourable histology (human Wilms tumour grading). No adjunctive chemotherapy was administered. The dog remains clinically well 27 months postnephrectomy. Renal nephroblastomas are rare canine neoplasms and reported survival time is variable. This case and other recent reports suggest that mean survival time may be longer than previously thought. Nephroblastomas should be considered as a differential in young dogs presenting with clinical signs of an abdominal space-occupying lesion. The absence of azotaemia on a biochemical profile does not preclude significant renal pathology.

Estimation on conditional restricted mean survival time with counting process

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Junshan Qiu ◽  
Dali Zhou ◽  
H.M. Jim Hung ◽  
John Lawrence ◽  
Steven Bai
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Counting Process ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Restricted Mean Survival Time

A Model-Independent Method to Determine Restricted Mean Survival Time in the Analysis of Survival Curves

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Messori ◽  
Vera Damuzzo ◽  
Laura Agnoletto ◽  
Luca Leonardi ◽  
Marco Chiumente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Independent Method ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Restricted Mean Survival Time ◽  
Model Independent

scholarly journals Extrapolating Parametric Survival Models in Health Technology Assessment Using Model Averaging: A Simulation Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-484
Author(s):  
Daniel Gallacher ◽  
Peter Kimani ◽  
Nigel Stallard
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Model Averaging ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Restricted Mean Survival Time

Previous work examined the suitability of relying on routine methods of model selection when extrapolating survival data in a health technology appraisal setting. Here we explore solutions to improve reliability of restricted mean survival time (RMST) estimates from trial data by assessing model plausibility and implementing model averaging. We compare our previous methods of selecting a model for extrapolation using the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Our methods of model averaging include using equal weighting across models falling within established threshold ranges for AIC and BIC and using BIC-based weighted averages. We apply our plausibility assessment and implement model averaging to the output of our previous simulations, where 10,000 runs of 12 trial-based scenarios were examined. We demonstrate that removing implausible models from consideration reduces the mean squared error associated with the restricted mean survival time (RMST) estimate from each selection method and increases the percentage of RMST estimates that were within 10% of the RMST from the parameters of the sampling distribution. The methods of averaging were superior to selecting a single optimal extrapolation, aside from some of the exponential scenarios where BIC already selected the exponential model. The averaging methods with wide criterion-based thresholds outperformed BIC-weighted averaging in the majority of scenarios. We conclude that model averaging approaches should feature more widely in the appraisal of health technologies where extrapolation is influential and considerable uncertainty is present. Where data demonstrate complicated underlying hazard rates, funders should account for the additional uncertainty associated with these extrapolations in their decision making. Extended follow-up from trials should be encouraged and used to review prices of therapies to ensure a fair price is paid.

scholarly journals Laryngeal Neuroendocrine Carcinomas: A Retrospective Study of 14 Cases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Zhu ◽  
Liming Gao ◽  
Yunxiao Meng ◽  
Wenwen Diao ◽  
Xiaoli Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Atypical Carcinoid ◽  
Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Typical Carcinoid ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinomas

Laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (LNECs) are rare and highly heterogeneous which present a wide spectrum of pathological and clinical manifestations. Fourteen patients with histologically demonstrated LNEC were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The 14 cases were classified into 3 subtypes: typical carcinoid in 2, atypical carcinoid in 5, and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in 7. The mean survival time of the 14 patients in this study was 112.5 months (95% CI, 81.5–143.6). Surgeries were performed for 2 patients of typical carcinoid, and they were alive with no evidence of recurrence after 24 and 47 months of follow-ups. Patients in the atypical carcinoid group were treated with surgeries and postoperative radiotherapy. After 58.4 months of follow-ups (range: 9–144), 2 patients showed no evidence of disease and 1 was lost to follow-up after 72 months. The other 2 patients died of other unrelated diseases. In the small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma group, a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy was applied. The mean survival time was 79.7 months (95% CI, 37.9–121.4), and the 5-year survival rate was 53.6%. In conclusion, the clinical behaviors, treatment protocols, and prognosis are different for each subtype of LNECs.

Radiographic Assessment of Dogs with Congestive Heart Failure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Saini ◽  
S.K. Uppal ◽  
A. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Cardiac Insufficiency ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Valvular Diseases

Background: Radiography is widely used for diagnosis of congestive heart failure as it enables non-invasive assessment of cardiac size, shape and pulmonary vasculature. So, the present study was conducted to record the radiographic changes in dogs with congestive heart failure.Methods: Fifty-one dogs with cardiac insufficiency brought to Teaching Veterinary Hospital of GADVASU, showing one of the clinical signs of chronic cough, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, abdominal distension, syncope and cyanosis were selected and were subjected to Lateral and Ventro-dorsal chest radiography. Result: Dilated cardiomyopathy was present in 24 dogs. Radiographically, pulmonary edema, cardiomegaly, vessel congestion were more common in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Valvular diseases were present in 16 dogs and radiographically left atrial (LA) dilatation was present in dogs with valvular diseases. Pericardial effusions were present in 11 dogs showing enlarged globoid heart radiographically.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological Profile of Wilms’ Tumour in Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
M Mazumder ◽  
A Islam ◽  
N Farooq ◽  
M Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Wilms Tumour ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Clinicopathological Profile ◽  
Treatment Objective

Introduction: Wilms’ tumor is the most common primary malignant renal tumor of childhood. It is important to pick up the children with wilms’ tumor earlier as early stages has excellent outcomes after treatment. Objective : To find out the common clinical presentations and pathological profile of Wilms’ tumor in children. Methods and Materials : A hospital based prospective study done with twenty diagnosed patients of Wilms tumour enrolled from department of Pediatric haemato-oncology, BSMMU, Dhaka in the period between January to December 2008. Results- The peak incidence of Wilms’ tumor was in 1 to 5 years age group (80%,n=16). Median age at presentation was 49 months with male: female ratio 1.8:1.The most common presentation was abdominal swelling (80%,n=16),followed by flank mass (75%,n=15), abdominal pain (55%,n=11), haematuria (15%,n=3), hypertension (10%,n=2). Thirteen raised from right kidney, ratio of right to left involvement 1.8:1. Histologically 13(65%) patients had triphasic histology having blastemal, stromal and epithelial elements, 7(35%) was biphasic having blastema and epithelia. All had favourable histological pattern. Most patients presented in stage III (55%,n=11) followed by stage II (25%,n=5), Stage IV(10%,n=2), Stage I(10%,n=2). No bilateral presentation. Conclusions : Most of the patients of Wilms’ tumor presented within 1 to 5 years of age(80%) with abdominal distension(80%) and flank mass(75%), few associated with haematuria(15%) and hypertension(10%). Histologically all were favourable and maximum presented in stage III (55%) followed by stage II(25%). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v32i1.21015 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 5-8

Restricted mean survival time as a summary measure of time‐to‐event outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Hasegawa ◽  
Saori Misawa ◽  
Shintaro Nakagawa ◽  
Shinichi Tanaka ◽  
Takanori Tanase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Time To Event ◽  
Summary Measure ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Restricted Mean Survival Time

scholarly journals Analysis of restricted mean survival time for length-biased data

Biometrics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Hyun Lee ◽  
Jing Ning ◽  
Yu Shen
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Restricted Mean Survival Time

scholarly journals Study of haematological, biochemical profile and clinical presentation in dengue positive patients: 82 cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2099
Author(s):  
Mubin I. Patel ◽  
Abhishek Patel ◽  
Avani Patel ◽  
Sharmistha Patel ◽  
Suresh Padsala
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Background: Dengue Fever (DF) is a self-limiting disease caused by arbovirus and transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus). It is one of the 17 neglected tropical diseases by WHO. Diagnosis of dengue depends mainly on the detection of IgM and IgG antibody, and NS1 antigen.Methods: The study was carried out in Department of Pathology, affiliated with a government hospital. It includes 82 dengue patients, admitted from August 2015 to August 2016. Haematological, biochemical profile, clinical signs and symptoms were recorded. The Tourniquet test was performed in all the patients on admission. Grading of dengue: DF/DHFI/DHFII/DHFIII/DHFIV. Grade III and IV were collectively called as Dengue Shock Syndrome.Results: Total 82 Dengue positive cases were studied, 52 (63%) were males and 30 (37%) were females. 24 (29%) patients were recorded in September 22 (27%) in October 19 (23%) in August. 12 (14.60%) had positive tourniquet test. Thrombocytopenia was present in 86.5 % patients. Majority cases were of classical dengue fever 51 (62.20%), 14 (17.07%) were of DHF I, 12 (14.63%) were of DHF II, 3 (3.66%) were of DHF III and 2 (2.44%) were of DHF IV.Conclusions: It is very important to correlate clinical examination with haematological and biochemical profile in dengue patients. Hematocrit value, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, raised liver enzymes is very important to monitor dengue cases in their initial stages and thus facilitate early treatment. This would minimize morbidity and mortality arising out of serious complications of dengue fever.

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