scholarly journals The influence of angiotensin converting enzyme and bradykinin receptor B2 gene variants on voluntary fluid intake and fluid balance in healthy men during moderate-intensity exercise in the heat

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adora M.W. Yau ◽  
Andrew D. Moss ◽  
Lewis John James ◽  
William Gilmore ◽  
Jason J. Ashworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Bradykinin Receptor

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and bradykinin receptor B2 (B2R) genetic variation may affect thirst because of effects on angiotensin II production and bradykinin activity, respectively. To examine this, 45 healthy Caucasian men completed 60 min of cycle exercise at 62% ± 5% peak oxygen uptake in a room heated to 30.5 ± 0.3 °C with ad libitum fluid intake. Blood samples were collected pre-, mid-, and immediately post-cycle. Fluid intake, body mass loss (BML), sweat loss (determined via changes in body mass and fluid intake), and thirst sensation were recorded. All participants were genotyped for the ACE insert fragment (I) and the B2R insert sequence (P). Participants were homozygous for the wild-type allele (WW or MM), heterozygous (WI or MP) or homozygous for the insert (II or PP). No differences between genotype groups were found in mean (±SD) voluntary fluid intake (WW: 613 ± 388, WI: 753 ± 385, II: 862 ± 421 mL, p = 0.31; MM: 599 ± 322, MP: 745 ± 374, PP: 870 ± 459 mL, p = 0.20), percentage BML or any other fluid balance variables for both the ACE and B2R genes, respectively. Mean thirst perception in the B2R PP group, however, was higher (p < 0.05) than both MM and MP at 30, 45, and 60 min. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that voluntary fluid intake and fluid balance in healthy men performing 60 min of moderate-intensity exercise in the heat are not predominantly influenced by ACE or B2R genetic variation.

scholarly journals Moderate Intensity Exercise Is Associated With Decreased Angiotensin-converting Enzyme, Increased β2-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Expression, and Lower Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakhtyar Tartibian ◽  
Ana Maria Botelho Teixeira ◽  
Behrouz Baghaiee
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Β2 Adrenergic Receptor

Purpose:The purpose of the current study was to characterize the role of aerobic exercise in the gene expression of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and the β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) in untrained men.Methods:Twenty untrained middle-aged men were randomly assigned to exercise (Exe) and control (Con) groups. The Exe group performed aerobic exercises for eight weeks. ACE mRNA and ADRB2 mRNA were determined by PCR.Results:The expression of ACE in week 4 and in the Exe group decreased significantly (p < .001). ADRB2 in the Exe group, in week 4 and in week 8, was markedly higher, and blood pressure was significantly lower than in the Con group (p < .001). In the Con group ADRB2 mRNA decreased.Conclusion:These results suggest that moderate intensity exercise promotes the leukocyte expression of gene markers that may affect blood pressure by improving cardiovascular fitness levels in middle-aged men.

scholarly journals Physiological Responses During Multiplay Exergaming in Young Adult Males are Game-Dependent

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen McGuire ◽  
Mark ET Willems
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Gas Exchange System

AbstractRegular moderate-intensity exercise provides health benefits. The aim of this study was to examine whether the selected exercise intensity and physiological responses during exergaming in a single and multiplayer mode in the same physical space were game-dependent. Ten males (mean ±SD, age: 23 ±5 years, body mass: 84.2 ±15.6 kg, body height: 180 ±7 cm, body mass index: 26.0 ±4.0 kg·m−2) played the games Kinect football, boxing and track & field (3 × ~10 min, ~ 2 min rest periods) in similar time sequence in two sessions. Physiological responses were measured with the portable Cosmed K4b2 pulmonary gas exchange system. Single play demands were used to match with a competitive opponent in a multiplay mode. A within-subjects crossover design was used with one-way ANOVA and a post-hoc t-test for analysis (p<0.05). Minute ventilation, oxygen uptake and the heart rate were at least 18% higher during a multiplayer mode for Kinect football and boxing but not for track & field. Energy expenditure was 21% higher during multiplay football. Single play track & field had higher metabolic equivalent than single play football (5.7 ±1.6, range: 3.2-8.6 vs 4.1 ±1.0, range: 3.0-6.1, p<0.05). Exergaming in a multiplayer mode can provide higher physiological demands but the effects are game-dependent. It seems that exergaming with low intensity in a multiplayer mode may provide a greater physical challenge for participants than in a single play mode but may not consistently provide sufficient intensity to acquire health benefits when played regularly as part of a programme to promote and maintain health in young adults.

scholarly journals Fluid Balance and Sodium Losses During Indoor Tennis Match Play

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J.E. Lott ◽  
Stuart D.R. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Fluid Replacement ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Tennis Match

This study assessed fluid balance, sodium losses, and effort intensity during indoor tennis match play (17 ± 2 °C, 42% ± 9% relative humidity) over a mean match duration of 68.1 ± 12.8 min in 16 male tennis players. Ad libitum fluid intake was recorded throughout the match. Sweat loss from change in nude body mass; sweat electrolyte content from patches applied to the forearm, calf, and thigh, and back of each player; and electrolyte balance derived from sweat, urine, and daily food-intake analysis were measured. Effort intensity was assessed from on-court heart rate compared with data obtained during a maximal treadmill test. Sweat rate (M ± SD) was 1.1 ± 0.4 L/hr, and fluid-ingestion rate was 1.0 ± 0.6 L/hr (replacing 93% ± 47% of fluid lost), resulting in only a small mean loss in body mass of 0.15% ± 0.74%. Large interindividual variabilities in sweat rate (range 0.3–2.0 L/hr) and fluid intake (range 0.31–2.52 L/hr) were noted. Whole-body sweat sodium concentration was 38 ± 12 mmol/L, and total sodium losses during match play were 1.1 ± 0.4 g (range 0.5–1.8 g). Daily sodium intake was 2.8 ± 1.1 g. Indoor match play largely consisted of low-intensity exercise below ventilatory threshold (mean match heart rate was 138 ± 24 beats/min). This study shows that in moderate indoor temperature conditions players ingest sufficient fluid to replace sweat losses. However, the wide range in data obtained highlights the need for individualized fluid-replacement guidance.

scholarly journals DNA methylation and genetic variation of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilys Lam ◽  
Marie-Laure Ancelin ◽  
Karen Ritchie ◽  
Richard Saffery ◽  
Joanne Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Converting Enzyme
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