A comparison of volume-equated knee extensions to failure, or not to failure, upon rating of perceived exertion and strength adaptations

The present study aimed to compare the effects of repetition duration-, volume-, and load-matched resistance training to muscular failure (MMF) or not to muscular failure (NMF) on maximal voluntary isometric knee extensor strength. This design also allowed testing of the efficacy of “5×5” training. Nine recreationally active males (age, 21.4 ± 1.2 years; height, 1.79 ± 0.07 m; weight, 78.4 ± 7.1 kg) performed unilateral resistance training at 80% of maximal torque at 2×/week for 6 weeks. Using their nondominant leg, participants performed 5 sets of 5 repetitions (NMF). Using their dominant leg, participants performed 25 repetitions in as few sets as possible (MMF). All repetitions were performed at a pace of 2 s concentric, 1 s isometric pause, and 2 s eccentric with a 2-min rest interval between sets. Analyses identified significant pre- to post-intervention strength increases for both MMF and NMF, with effect sizes (ESs) of 2.01 and 1.65, respectively, with no significant differences between conditions (p > 0.05). Peak and mean ratings of perceived exertion (RPEs) were significantly higher for MMF compared with NMF conditions (p < 0.0001), and a tendency for significantly higher RPE values reported for later sets for the NMF condition. Total training time per session was significantly longer for NMF compared with MMF (p < 0.001). The present study suggests that in untrained participants, resistance training NMF produces equivocally the same strength increases as training to MMF when volume-matched. However, resistance training to MMF appears to be a more time-efficient protocol and may produce greater strength gains as indicated by a larger ES.

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Physical Performance Differences Between Starter and Non‐Starter Players During Professional Soccer Friendly Matches

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2019-0018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 283-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jesús V. Giménez ◽

Anthony S. Leicht ◽

Miguel A. Gomez

Keyword(s):

Physical Performance ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Body Height ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

Performance Differences ◽

Average Acceleration ◽

Acceleration And Deceleration

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the physical performance differences between players that started (i.e. starters, ≥65 minutes played) and those that were substituted into (i.e. non‐starter) soccer friendly matches. Fourteen professional players (age: 23.2 ± 2.7 years, body height: 178 ± 6 cm, body mass: 73.2 ± 6.9 kg) took part in this study. Twenty, physical performance‐related match variables (e.g. distance covered at different intensities, accelerations and decelerations, player load, maximal running speed, exertion index, work‐to‐rest ratio and rating of perceived exertion) were collected during two matches. Results were analysed using effect sizes (ES) and magnitude based inferences. Compared to starters, non‐starters covered greater match distance within the following intensity categories: >3.3≤4.2m/s (very likely), >4.2≤5 m/s (likely) and >5≤6.9 m/s (likely). In contrast, similar match average acceleration and deceleration values were identified for starters and non‐starters (trivial). Indicators of workloads including player loads (very likely), the exertion index (very likely), and the work–to‐rest ratio (very likely) were greater, while self‐ reported ratings of perceived exertion were lower (likely) for non‐starters compared to starters. The current study demonstrates that substantial physical performance differences during friendly soccer matches exist between starters and non‐starters. Identification of these differences enables coaches and analysts to potentially prescribe optimal training loads and microcycles based upon player’s match starting status.

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Does rest interval between sets affect resistance training volume, density, and rating of perceived exertion when adopting the crescent pyramid system in young women?

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness ◽

10.23736/s0022-4707.20.10612-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 60 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Witalo Kassiano ◽

Alexandre I. Medeiros ◽

Bruna D. de Vasconcelos Costa ◽

Ana D. Andrade ◽

Mário A. Moura Simim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Young Women ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Volume Density ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Training Volume ◽

Rest Interval

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Acute Effects of Different Training Loads on Affective Responses in Resistance-trained Men

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-0997-6680 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (13) ◽

pp. 850-855 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alex S. Ribeiro ◽

Erick D. dos Santos ◽

João Pedro Nunes ◽

Brad J. Schoenfeld

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Bench Press ◽

Affective Responses ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Relative Load ◽

Light Load ◽

Moderate Load

AbstractThe main purpose of the present study was to investigate the acute effects of different training loads on ratings of perceived exertion and discomfort and feelings of pleasure/displeasure in resistance-trained men. Twelve resistance-trained men (26.7±3.5 years, 85.1±17.5 kg, and 174. 9±9.9 cm) performed 3 sets of the bench press, squat on a hack machine, and lat pulldown, until volitional concentric failure in two separate conditions: a moderate load (MOD) consisting of a relative load of 8–12 repetitions maximum (RM), and a light load (LIT) consisting of a relative load of 25–30RM. The session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), session rating of perceived discomfort (sRPD), and session pleasure/displeasure feelings (sPDF) were assessed after 15 min after the ending of each session. A randomized, counterbalanced, crossover study was performed with 48 h recovery afforded between sessions. Differences between conditions were observed for sRPE and sRPD, in which scores for LIT were greater than MOD (sRPE: MOD=5.5±1.0 vs. LIT=6.4±0.7; sRPD: MOD=6.7±1.7 vs. LIT=8.7±1.0). For sPDF, MOD reported feelings of pleasure (1.2), whereas the LIT presented a feeling of displeasure (–2.3). Results suggest that resistance training performed with a light load until failure induces higher degrees of effort, discomfort and displeasure compared to a moderate load.

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Volume total e número de repetições máximas durante séries de treinamento resistido: método tradicional vs série agonista-antagonistado

Caderno de Educação Física e Esporte ◽

10.36453/2318-5104.2020.v18.n3.p11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

William Peneda Tozei ◽

Milton Pereira Amaral ◽

Washington Pires ◽

Renato Melo Ferreira ◽

Everton Rocha Soares

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Muscle Group ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Rest Interval ◽

Repetition Maximum ◽

Experimental Protocols ◽

Training Sets ◽

Rest Intervals

OBJETIVO: Comparar volume total e número repetições máximas (nRM) que pode ser realizado nos exercícios rosca direta (RD) e tríceps na polia (TP), variando a ordem de execução, nos métodos tradicional (TRAD) e série pareada agonista-antagonista (SPAA). MÉTODOS: Doze indivíduos (22±3,5 anos) com experiência em treinamento resistido (TR), compareceram a 10 sessões com intervalo de 48 a 72 horas entre elas. Após avaliação antropométrica, três sessões de familiarização e realização de testes de uma repetição máxima (1-RM) e reprodutibilidade de 1-RM, foram realizados quatro protocolos experimentais para mensuração do nRM, utilizando 70% de 1-RM: TRAD1 (quatro séries no exercício RD + quatro séries no exercício TP); TRAD2 (quatro séries no exercício TP + quatro séries no exercício RD); SPAA1 (quatro séries no exercício RD e TP) e; SPAA2 (quatro séries no exercício TP e RD). Sob o método TRAD, foram implementados intervalos de 90 segundos entre todas séries realizadas; um intervalo de descanso de dois minutos foi implementado entre a conclusão da última série do primeiro exercício e a primeira série do segundo exercício (RD + TP ou TP + RD). Sob o método SPAA, nenhum intervalo foi implementado entre o primeiro e segundo exercício (RD e TP ou TP e RD); noventa segundos de intervalo de descanso foram implementados após conclusão do primeiro e do exercício subsequente.RESULTADOS: Não foram observadas diferenças no volume total e percepção subjetiva do esforço (PSE) entre os protocolos experimentais, enquanto foi verificado maior nRM no exercício TP em comparação com o RD em todos os protocolos utilizados.CONCLUSÃO: Na intensidade de 70% de 1-RM, o volume total não é influenciado pelo método de TR (TRAD ou SPAA) e pela ordem dos exercícios (RD e TP ou TP e RD). Adicionalmente, observou-se que o nRM parece ser influenciado pelo grupamento muscular utilizado.ABSTRACT. Total volume and maximum number of repetitions performed during resistance training sets: traditional versus agonist-antagonist set methods.OBJECTIVE: To compare the total volume and number of maximum repetitions (nMR) that can be performed in barbell curl (BC) and triceps pushdown (TP) exercises, varying order of execution, on traditional (TRAD) and agonist-antagonist paired set (AAPS) methods.METHODS: Twelve individuals (22±3.5 years) with experience in resistance training (RT), attended 10 sessions with an interval of 48 to 72 hours between them. After anthropometric evaluation, three familiarization sessions, one repetition maximum tests (1-RM) and reproducibility, four experimental protocols were performed to measure the total volume and nMR, using 70% of 1-RM: TRAD1 (four sets of exercise BC + four sets of exercise TP); TRAD2 (four sets of TP exercise + four sets of BC exercise); AAPS1 (four sets of exercise BC and TP) and; AAPS2 (four sets of exercise TP and BC). Under the TRAD method, 90-seconds rest intervals were implemented between all sets; two-minute rest interval between the completion the last set of first exercise and the first set of second exercise was implemented (BC + TP or TP + BC). Under the AAPS method, no interval was implemented between first and second exercise (BC and TP or TP and BC); a 90-seconds rest interval after the completion of the first and the subsequent exercise was implemented. RESULTS: There were no differences in total volume and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) between the experimental protocols, while a higher nMR was found in the TP exercise compared to the BC in all protocols used.CONCLUSION: It is concluded that in the intensity of 70% 1-RM, the total volume is not influenced by the TR method (TRAD or AAPS) and by the order of the exercises (BC and TP or TP and BC). Additionally, it was observed that the nMR seems to be influenced by the muscle group used.

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Exercise referral to promote cardiovascular health in stroke and TIA patients: a pilot feasibility study

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine ◽

10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000929 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. e000929

Author(s):

Sheharyar Baig ◽

Bethany Moyle ◽

Jessica Redgrave ◽

Arshad Majid ◽

Ali Ali

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Related Quality ◽

Exercise Programmes

ObjectivesExercise programmes studied after stroke often involve specialist supervision. Determine the feasibility and safety for people with stroke (PwS) or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) participating in readily accessible, non-stroke specialised, community-based exercise programmes.MethodsParticipants were recruited into a structured, group-based, 12-week programme of aerobic and resistance exercise delivered two times per week at one of five local leisure centres. Completion rates, successful attainment of intended exercise intensity (Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)) and safety outcomes were recorded. Measures of physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) and blood pressure (BP) were recorded at baseline and day 1 post intervention.Results79% of participants completed >75% of the intended sessions, with >90% attainment of intended RPE. Exercise was safe with no serious and very few minor adverse events related to exercise. Exercise led to significant increases in EQ-5D (Best of Health p<0.001), levels of weekly moderate physical activity (p<0.001) and decreases in systolic BP (mean change [95% CI]=−5.4 mmHg [−2.84 to −7.96]; p<0.001).ConclusionGeneralised exercise programmes delivered through existing local services, appears feasible, safe and may improve quality of life, physical activity and systolic BP, for PwS and TIA.

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Comparing Weekly Training and Game Demands According to Playing Position in a Semiprofessional Basketball Team

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2020-0457 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Markus N.C. Williams ◽

Vincent J. Dalbo ◽

Jordan L. Fox ◽

Cody J. O’Grady ◽

Aaron T. Scanlan

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Mixed Models ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Movement Analysis ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Several Variables ◽

Longitudinal Observational Study ◽

Weekly Training

Purpose: To compare weekly training and game demands according to playing position in basketball players. Methods: A longitudinal, observational study was adopted. Semiprofessional, male basketball players categorized as backcourt (guards; n = 4) and frontcourt players (forwards/centers; n = 4) had their weekly workloads monitored across an entire season. External workload was determined using microsensors and included PlayerLoad™ (PL) and inertial movement analysis variables. Internal workload was determined using heart rate to calculate absolute and relative summated-heart-rate-zones workload and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) to calculate session-RPE workload. Comparisons between weekly training and game demands were made using linear mixed models and effect sizes in each positional group. Results: In backcourt players, higher relative PL (P = .04, very large) and relative summated-heart-rate-zones workload (P = .007, very large) were evident during training, while greater session-RPE workload (P = .001, very large) was apparent during games. In frontcourt players, greater PL (P < .001, very large), relative PL (P = .019, very large), peak PL intensities (P < .001, moderate), high-intensity inertial movement analysis events (P = .002, very large), total inertial movement analysis events (P < .001, very large), summated-heart-rate-zones workload (P < .001, very large), RPE (P < .001, very large), and session-RPE workload (P < .001, very large) were evident during games. Conclusions: Backcourt players experienced similar demands between training and games across several variables, with higher average workload intensities during training. Frontcourt players experienced greater demands across all variables during games than training. These findings emphasize the need for position-specific preparation strategies leading into games in basketball teams.

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Training-Load Distribution in Endurance Runners: Objective Versus Subjective Assessment

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2014-0557 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1023-1028 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Vincenzo Manzi ◽

Antonio Bovenzi ◽

Carlo Castagna ◽

Paola Sinibaldi Salimei ◽

Maurizio Volterrani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Training Load ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Maximal Heart Rate ◽

Long Distance ◽

Running Speed ◽

Training Time ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Training Methodologies

Purpose:To assess the distribution of exercise intensity in long-distance recreational athletes (LDRs) preparing for a marathon and to test the hypothesis that individual perception of effort could provide training responses similar to those provided by standardized training methodologies.Methods:Seven LDRs (age 36.5 ± 3.8 y) were followed during a 5-mo training period culminating with a city marathon. Heart rate at 2.0 and 4.0 mmol/L and maximal heart rate were used to establish 3 intensity training zones. Internal training load (TL) was assessed by training zones and TRIMPi methods. These were compared with the session-rating-of-perceived-exertion (RPE) method.Results:Total time spent in zone 1 was higher than in zones 2 and 3 (76.3% ± 6.4%, 17.3% ± 5.8%, and 6.3% ± 0.9%, respectively; P = .000 for both, ES = 0.98, ES = 0.99). TL quantified by session-RPE provided the same result. The comparison between session-RPE and training-zones-based methods showed no significant difference at the lowest intensity (P = .07, ES = 0.25). A significant correlation was observed between TL RPE and TL TRIMPi at both individual and group levels (r = .79, P < .001). There was a significant correlation between total time spent in zone 1 and the improvement at the running speed of 2 mmol/L (r = .88, P < .001). A negative correlation was found between running speed at 2 mmol/L and the time needed to complete the marathon (r = –.83, P < .001).Conclusions:These findings suggest that in recreational LDRs most of the training time is spent at low intensity and that this is associated with improved performances. Session-RPE is an easy-to-use training method that provides responses similar to those obtained with standardized training methodologies.

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Improved knee extensor strength with resistance training associates with muscle specific miRNAs in older adults

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2014.12.014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 7-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Tan Zhang ◽

Alexander Birbrair ◽

Zhong-Min Wang ◽

María L. Messi ◽

Anthony P. Marsh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Knee Extensor ◽

Knee Extensor Strength

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Training intensity distribution in young tennis players

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching ◽

10.1177/1747954116676115 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 880-886 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexandre Moreira ◽

Rodrigo V Gomes ◽

Caroline D Capitani ◽

Charles R Lopes ◽

Audrei R Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Intensity Distribution ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Training Intensity ◽

Match Play ◽

Training Time ◽

Tennis Players ◽

Professional Tennis

The aim of this study was to describe the training intensity distribution of elite young tennis players, based on the session rating of perceived exertion and heart rate methods. Twelve professional tennis players participated in this study. Heart rate and session rating of perceived exertion were collected in 384 tennis training sessions, 23 simulated matches, and 17 official matches. The total training time spent in the heart rate zone-1 (52.00%) and zone-2 (37.10%) was greater than the time spent in zone-3 (10.90%) during the 5-week training period ( p < 0.05). Similarly, the total training time spent in the session rating of perceived exertion zone-1 (42.00%) and zone-2 (47.50%) was also greater than the time in zone-3 (10.50%) ( p < 0.05). The data of the present study suggest that the majority of the training sessions of these young tennis players were performed at low-to-moderate intensity zone and, therefore, under the intensity performed during actual tennis match play.

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