scholarly journals Two new species of Undifilum, fungal endophytes of Astragalus (locoweeds) in the United States

Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 866-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deana L. Baucom ◽  
Marie Romero ◽  
Robert Belfon ◽  
Rebecca Creamer
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neighbor Joining

New species of Undifilum , from locoweeds Astragalus lentiginosus Vitman and Astragalus mollissimus Torr., are described using morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses as Undifilum fulvum Baucom & Creamer sp. nov. and Undifilum cinereum Baucom & Creamer sp. nov. Fungi were isolated from dried plants of A. lentiginosus var. araneosus , diphysus , lentiginosus , and wahweapensis collected from Arizona, Oregon, and Utah, USA, and A. mollissimus var. biglovii , earleii , and mollissimus collected from New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas, USA. Endophytic fungi from Astragalus locoweeds were compared to Undifilum oxytropis isolates obtained from dried plant material of Oxytropis lamberteii from New Mexico and Oxytropis sericea from Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. Extremely slow growth in vitro was observed for all, and conidia, if present, were ellipsoid with transverse septa. However, in vitro color, growth on four different media, and conidium size differed between fungi from Astragalus spp. and U. oxytropis. Neighbor-joining analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) gene sequences revealed that U. fulvum and U. cinereum formed a clade distinct from U. oxytropis. This was supported by neighbor-joining analyses of results generated from random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fragments using two different primers.

Puccinia marrubii (Pucciniaceae), a new rust species on Marrubium globosum subsp. globosum from Niğde and Malatya in Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 272 (4) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
ŞANLI KABAKTEPE ◽  
BİROL MUTLU ◽  
ŞÜKRÜ KARAKUŞ ◽  
ILGAZ AKATA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

A new species of rust fungus, Puccinia marrubii sp. nov. is described from Turkey. The new species is the first Puccinia species to be identified on genus Marrubium (Lamiaceae). In order to determine the phylogenetic relationships of the new species, ITS region was amplified by PCR, sequenced, and analyzed. In addition to the ITS region of seven Puccinia species, P. annularis, P. jasmini, P. malvacearum, P. nigrescens, P. phlomidis, P. salviae, and P. serpylli were sequenced for the first time. Phylogenetic analyses performed by using distance, Bayesian methods confirmed that the new rust was closely related to P. serpylli, P. malvacearum, P. salviae, and P. annularis. The diagnostic morphological characteristics of the new species were discussed with the phylogenetically related species.

scholarly journals First record of the rare genus Typhrasa (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) from China with description of two new species

MycoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Sheng-Nan Wang ◽  
Ya-Ping Hu ◽  
Jun-Liang Chen ◽  
Liang-Liang Qi ◽  
Hui Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
First Record ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Geographical Scope

Typhrasa is a rare genus that comprises two species and that has previously been reported only from Europe and North America. The present study expands the geographical scope of the genus by describing two new species – T. polycystis and T. rugocephala – from subtropical China. The new species are supported by morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses (ITS, LSU and tef-1α). The new species have very similar morphological characteristics and are 98% similar in their ITS region. However, T. rugocephala has two types of long gills at the same time, rarely fusiform pleurocystidia with rostrum. Detailed descriptions, colour photos, illustrations and a key to related species are presented in this paper.

Neoerysiphe sechii (Ascomycota: Erysiphales): A new species of powdery mildew found on Sechium edule and Sechium mexicanum (Cucurbitaceae) in Mexico

Botany ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gregorio-Cipriano ◽  
D. González ◽  
R. Félix-Gastélum ◽  
S. Chacón
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Sechium Edule ◽  
A New Species

A novel species of powdery mildew, Neoerysiphe sechii sp. nov., has been proposed based on host, morphological characteristics, and gene sequences. The new species was found on chayote (Sechium edule) and a wild species, chayotillo (S. mexicanum), in Veracruz, Mexico. This novel species was identified as a member of Neoerysiphe, based on the morphological characteristics of the anamorph: catenescent conidia, lobed appressoria, and Striatoidium-type conidia. No teleomorph was observed. Neoerysiphe sechii is distinguished by foot cells that are frequently cylindrical with a slight widening at the base, a feature not observed previously in other species in the genus. An Erysiphales-specific primer was designed for the 5′ end of the ITS region of the nuclear rDNA. Independent and concatenated phylogenetic analyses with our rDNA sequences and sequences available in GenBank for Neoerysiphe spp. confirmed that the powdery mildew specimens found in Sechium spp. form an independent and strongly supported lineage. This is the first report of a Neoerysiphe species causing powdery mildew on members of Cucurbitaceae, and it is the second species reported from Mexico after N. cumminsiana. Neoerysiphe sechii is found on cultivated and endemic hosts in Mexico, suggesting that the fungus itself may be endemic.

scholarly journals The Identification of a New Species, Diaporthe humulicola, a Pathogen Causing Diaporthe Leaf Spot on Common Hop

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 2377-2390
Author(s):  
Elisha Allan-Perkins ◽  
De-Wei Li ◽  
Neil Schultes ◽  
Sumeyra Yavuz ◽  
James LaMondia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
The United States ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
A New Species

Common hop, Humulus lupulus, is a commercially important crop in the United States, with an increasing number of hop yards being established in the Northeast. In 2018, a new fungal disease was observed at two research hop yards in Connecticut. This new pathogen affected all hop cultivars being grown and caused leaf spots and browning of cones. The causal organism was isolated and Koch’s postulates were performed to confirm pathogenicity. The disease symptoms were similar to the previously described Phoma wilt; however, morphological and phylogenetic analyses placed the causal organism as a new species of Diaporthe. We propose the name Diaporthe humulicola. The disease increased under hot, humid conditions (around 24°C and 90% relative humidity), which prevail during the summer in the northeastern United States as well as other parts of the country. An in vitro preliminary assessment of fungicide sensitivity revealed that pyraclostrobin and boscalid inhibited D. humulicola growth in culture and should be further assessed for field efficacy against this new disease of hop. The proper identification and monitoring of this pathogen will be important to inform hop growers of this new threat.

scholarly journals The Northeast Chinese species of Psathyrella (Agaricales, Psathyrellaceae)

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 85-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Qing Yan ◽  
Tolgor Bau
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Line Drawings

Twenty seven species of Psathyrella have been found in Northeast China. Amongst them, P.conica, P.jilinensis, P.mycenoides and P.subsingeri are described as new species, based on studying morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses. Detailed morphological descriptions, line drawings and photographs of the new species are presented. Phylogenetic analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and an identification key to the 27 Psathyrella species occuring in Northeast China are provided.

scholarly journals Limited Genetic Diversity in North American Isolates of Phytophthora erythroseptica Pathogenic to Potato Based on RAPD Analysis

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick D. Peters ◽  
Rod J. Clark ◽  
Albert D. Coffin ◽  
Antony V. Sturz ◽  
David H. Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Phytophthora Erythroseptica

Pink rot of potato (Solanum tuberosum), caused by Phytophthora erythroseptica, is found wherever potatoes are grown, and in the last decade, it has reemerged as an economically important disease in Canada and the United States. A selection of isolates of P. erythroseptica from major potato-growing regions in North America, namely Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, Canada, and Maine and Idaho, U.S.A., was assessed for genetic diversity with randomly chosen decanucleotide primers which were used to amplify regions of DNA to reveal polymorphisms among templates (random amplified polymorphic DNA [RAPD]). The isolates varied in their geographic origin as well as in their sensitivity to mefenoxam, as determined by an in vitro assay. In three separate RAPD screens (I, II, and III) with 23 isolates of P. erythroseptica chosen from a larger collection, 1,410, 369, and 316 robust, scorable bands were amplified, respectively. However, among the bands amplified in screens I, II, and III, only 3, 1, and 3 bands, respectively, were polymorphic. When three primers yielding polymorphisms were used to screen 106 isolates from Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, or a representative collection of 32 isolates from Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Maine, and Idaho, no major variation was discovered. RAPD markers were not correlated with geographic origin or mefenoxam sensitivity of the isolates. From an evolutionary standpoint, the absence of genetic diversity among the isolates of P. erythroseptica we examined may be attributable to the relatively recent introduction of a small founding population of the pathogen in North America.

scholarly journals Development of PCR Assays for the Identification of Species and Pathotypes of Elsinoë Causing Scab on Citrus

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 865-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Hyun ◽  
N. A. Peres ◽  
S.-Y. Yi ◽  
L. W. Timmer ◽  
K. S. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Its Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Primer Sets

Two scab pathogens of citrus, Elsinoë fawcettii and E. australis, cause citrus scab and sweet orange scab, respectively, and pathotypes of each species have been described. The two species cannot be readily distinguished by morphological or cultural characteristics and can be distinguished only by host range and the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assays clearly distinguished E. fawcettii and E. australis, and the sweet orange and natsudaidai pathotypes within E. australis also could be differentiated. We developed specific primer sets, Efaw-1 for E. fawcettii; Eaut-1, Eaut-2, Eaut-3, and Eaut-4 for E. australis; and EaNat-1 and EaNat-2 for the natsudaidai pathotype within E. australis using RAPD products unique to each species or pathotype. Other primer sets, Efaw-2 and Eaut-5, which were specific for E. fawcettii and E. australis, respectively, were designed from previously determined ITS sequences. The Efaw-1 and Efaw-2 primer sets successfully identified E. fawcettii isolates from Korea, Australia, and the United States (Florida) and the Eaut-1 to Eaut-5 primer sets identified both the sweet orange pathotype isolates of E. australis from Argentina and the natsudaidai pathotype isolates from Korea. The EaNat-1 and EaNat-2 primer sets were specific for isolates of the natsudaidai pathotype. The Efaw-1 and Efaw-2 primer sets successfully detected E. fawcettii from lesions on diseased leaves and fruit from Korea and primer pairs Eaut-1, Eaut-2, Eaut-3, Eaut-4, and Eaut-5 detected E. australis from lesions on sweet orange fruit from Brazil.

scholarly journals New Species of Tomentella (Thelephorales, Basidiomycota) from Temperate Continental Mountain Climate of China (Xinjiang Region)

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Xu Lu ◽  
Haisheng Yuan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Mountain Climate ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Xinjiang Autonomous Region

Species in the genus Tomentella are distributed throughout the temperate and tropical regions worldwide, but few studies associated with the taxonomy and phylogeny of this genus had been reported from Northwest China. In this paper, molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nuclear ribosomal ITS (internal transcribed spacer: ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and LSU (large subunit: 28S) sequences combined with morphological characteristics identified three new species from Xinjiang Autonomous Region in Northwest China, which were named T. aurantispora, T. kanasensis, and T. schrenkiana. Similar macromorphological and anatomical characteristics are shared by these new species: arachnoid basidiocarps; byssoid sterile margins; utriform basidia with a clamp connection at the base; the absence of rhizomorphs and cystidia; and slightly thick-walled, subglobose to globose basidiospores. Among these new species, the color of the hymenophoral surface, the size of the basidiospores, and some other features can be used for species delimitation. The new species and closely related species in the phylogenetic tree were discussed, and a key to the identified species of Tomentella from China was provided.

scholarly journals Descriptions of four new dextral land snails of the genus Camaena (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Camaenidae) from south China

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 37-58
Author(s):  
Pei Wang ◽  
Mei-Ling Hu ◽  
Jun-Hong Lin ◽  
Hai-Fang Yang ◽  
Xiao-Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South China ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Living Environments

In this study, four new dextral camaenid from China are reported, based on shell morphology, reproductive system anatomy, and molecular phylogenetic analyses: Camaena funingensis Zhou, Wang & Lin, sp. nov., Camaena gaolongensis Zhou, Wang & Lin, sp. nov., Camaena maguanensis Zhou, Wang & Hu, sp. nov., and Camaena yulinensis Zhou, Wang & Hu, sp. nov. Detailed descriptions of the morphological characteristics including shells and genitalia, DNA sequences, and living environments of the four new species are provided, with further comparisons with congeners.

Baorangia duplicatopora (Boletaceae, Boletales), a new bolete from tropical China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 508 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
XU ZHANG ◽  
ZHI-QUN LIANG ◽  
SHUAI JIANG ◽  
CHANG XU ◽  
XIN-HUA FU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Tropical China

Baorangia duplicatopora is described as a new species from Hainan Province, a tropical region of China. It is morphologically characterized by large to very large basidiomata with a dull rose red, rose pink to purplish red pileus, compound pores, pileus context near hymenophore and stipe context staining blue when injured, a red stipe, and cheilocystidia wider than those of other Baorangia species. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from part of the 28S gene, the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and part of the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF1) also confirmed that B. duplicatopora forms an independent lineage within Baorangia. Detailed descriptions, color photographs of fresh basidiomata, and line drawings of microscopic features of the new species are presented. A key to species of Baorangia in the world is also provided.

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