Native prairie grasses and microbial community responses to reclamation of taconite iron ore tailing

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 1645-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Noyd ◽  
F. L. Pfleger ◽  
Michael R. Norland ◽  
Michael J. Sadowsky
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Yard Waste ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Native Prairie ◽  
Prairie Grasses

The effect of reclamation treatments on seeded native grass cover and species composition, soil microbial biomass carbon, and populations of actinomycetes, fungi, free-living N2-fixing bacteria, and aerobic heterotrophic bacteria was compared in field plots in coarse taconite tailing. Reclamation treatments consisted of all possible combinations of three rates of composed yard waste, three rates of fertilizer, and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Composted yard waste increased plant cover, soil microbial biomass, and populations of all groups of microorganisms compared with unamended, non-inoculated control plots. Microbial populations and biomass in tailing plots were low compared with natural soils and were correlated with plant cover and available P. Mycorrhizal inoculation resulted in a 6% increase in plant cover, although this was not significant, and significantly enhanced N2-fixer populations in June but did not affect other groups of microorganisms. There were no differences between moderate and high rates of composted yard waste. We conclude that incorporation of a moderate rate of organic matter can ameliorate the stressful conditions of coarse taconite tailing and can enhance the initiation of a functional soil ecosystem able to support the establishment of seeded native prairie grasses and may provide a long-term solution to reclamation of taconite tailing. Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, mine reclamation, soil microorganisms, composted yard waste.

scholarly journals Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi activities and soil microbial properties in soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) rhizosphere

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Nurudeen Olatunbosun Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Microbial Properties ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) help in promoting plant growth and mediating key belowground processes, however, AMF responses to the continuous increase in the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is yet elusive. This has led to considerable interest in the impacts elevated CO2 on AMF and belowground processes in recent years. The present study investigated the effect of elevated CO2 on AMF sporulation and root colonization and soil microbial properties in the rhizosphere of soybean. The pot experiment consisted of two levels of CO2 (ambient; 350 ppm and elevated; 550 ppm) and three soybean cultivars (TGx 1440-1E, TGx 1448-2F and TGx 1480-2F) conducted in open top chambers, laid out in randomized complete block design, replicated thrice. The results showed that elevated CO2 increased the AMF spore density and root colonization of the soybean cultivars. Elevated CO2 increased the microbial biomass carbon (34.2–45.4%), microbial biomass nitrogen (44.6–54.9%), soil nitrogen (30.3–50.6%), available phosphorus (20.8–45.7%) in the rhizosphere of the soybean cultivars compared to the ambient CO2 . These could have resulted in increased plant biomass, pod number, 100-seed weight and seed yield under elevated CO2 . From the results of this study, increased atmospheric CO2 regulates AMF activities, microbial properties and improve soybean performance. Thus, this study may help to a better understanding of the responses of AMF and belowground process with increasing atmospheric CO2.

Relationship between Reaumuria soongorica Community Structure and Soil Quality of the Semiarid Loess Plateau, NW of China

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 310-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Ru Liu
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Reaumuria Soongorica

Reaumuria soongorica is the main dominant and constructive species of the desert shrub vegetation in the northwestern of China. The informations about changes in soil quality and vegetation structure togethor are available, which can provide valuable insights into the development of sustainable ecological systems that optimize production and maintain high environmental quality, but the variety of the plant community structure associate with dynamics of soil nutrient and microbial biomass are little known. In this study, five coverage levels of R. soongorica community were determined, while soil nutrients and microbial biomass were investigated. The results showed that the trends of plant species diversity (species richness) are ‘humped-back model’, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN) slightly increased with plant cover but not with plant species richness. MBC and MBN were positively correlated with SOC and TN (P<0.05), and plant cover showed positively correlated with soil nutrients and soil microbial biomass. It was concluded that vegetation restoration improved soil nutrient status and indirectly affected soil microbial biomass. However, the unilateral increase of vegetation cover will have less effect to soil quality.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhiza enhance the rate of litter decomposition while inhibiting soil microbial community development

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Gui ◽  
Kevin Hyde ◽  
Jianchu Xu ◽  
Peter Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Available N ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Total Plfa

Abstract Although there is a growing amount of evidence that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) influence the decomposition process, the extent of their involvement remains unclear. Therefore, given this knowledge gap, our aim was to test how AMF influence the soil decomposer communities. Dual compartment microcosms, where AMF (Glomus mosseae) were either allowed access (AM+) to or excluded (AM−) from forest soil compartments containing litterbags (leaf litter from Calophyllum polyanthum) were used. The experiment ran for six months, with destructive harvests at 0, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days. For each harvest we measured AMF colonization, soil nutrients, litter mass loss, and microbial biomass (using phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA)). AMF significantly enhanced litter decomposition in the first 5 months, whilst delaying the development of total microbial biomass (represented by total PLFA) from T150 to T180. A significant decline in soil available N was observed through the course of the experiment for both treatments. This study shows that AMF have the capacity to interact with soil microbial communities and inhibit the development of fungal and bacterial groups in the soil at the later stage of the litter decomposition (180 days), whilst enhancing the rates of decomposition.

scholarly journals Soil Microbial Diversity Affects the Plant-Root Colonization by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorotéia Alves Ferreira ◽  
Thais Freitas da Silva ◽  
Victor Satler Pylro ◽  
Joana Falcão Salles ◽  
Fernando Dini Andreote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi respond to increasing plant diversity

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhoda L Burrows ◽  
Francis L Pfleger
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
First Year ◽  
Host Diversity ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research ◽  
Single Predictor

The effect of plant diversity (1, 2, 8, or 16 species) on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was assessed at the Cedar Creek Long-Term Ecological Research site at East Bethel, Minnesota, from 1997 to 1999. At each of the five samplings, AMF in 16-species plots produced from 30 to 150% more spores and from 40 to 70% greater spore volumes than AMF in one-species plots. Regressions of spore numbers and volumes with percent plant cover, plant diversity, and soil NO3 as independent variables suggest that midsummer plot soil NO3 was the best single predictor of AMF spore production in these plots. Plant diversity influenced spore volume in four samplings and spore numbers in the first three samplings. Plant cover was predictive of spore volume throughout the experiment but of spore number only in the first year. Sporulation by larger-spored AMF species (Gigaspora spp. and Scutellospora spp.) increased significantly with increasing plant diversity, while sporulation of the smaller-spored species varied in response to host diversity. Spore numbers of several AMF species were consistently negatively correlated and none positively correlated with midseason soil NO3 concentrations, demonstrating the adaptation of these AMF species to nitrogen-limited conditions.Key words: mycorrhiza, community, grassland, sporulation, nitrogen, specificity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document