A new species of penzigioid Xylaria (Xylariaceae) from the cloud forest in eastern Mexico revealed through morphological and phylogenetic analyses

Xylaria subtropicalis, a species new to science, was collected from a montane cloud forest in eastern Mexico. It is described and illustrated, based on detailed macro- and microscopic morphological characteristics, habitat, and DNA sequence data. The distinctive morphological differences between X. subtropicalis and other Xylaria species include: the stromata being significantly erumpent, the size of the ascospores being 23–28 μm × 13–15 μm, and a straight germ slit as long as the spore. To determine whether this was a novel species, ITS sequences were generated and compared with 2478 sequences available for the genus from GenBank, using the software USEARCH. Additionally, a phylogenetic reconstruction was performed with Parsimony Ratchet, Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian Inference, using 122 concatenated ITS sequences, and segments from the 28S rDNA and RPB2. Sequences of this novel species form a strongly supported lineage, clearly separated from other species of Xylaria. Phylogenetic relationships indicate that there have been numerous morphological transformations within the genus.

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Two new Lycoperdon species collected from Korea: L. albiperidium and L. subperlatum spp. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.260.2.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 260 (2) ◽

pp. 101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

CHANG SUN KIM ◽

JONG WON JO ◽

YOUNG-NAM KWAG ◽

GI-HO SUNG ◽

JAE-GU HAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sequence Data ◽

Elongation Factor ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Its Region ◽

Its Sequences ◽

Translation Elongation ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Coding Regions ◽

Elongation Factor 1 Alpha

Thirty-four Lycoperdon specimens from Korea were examined with the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA sequence data. The result of the ITS sequences phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Korean specimens represented nine different species. To confirm the taxonomic position of these species, we conducted an intensive morphological investigation, and additional phylogenetic investigation of the protein coding regions RNA polymerase subunit II (RPB2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1). We discovered two new species (L. albiperidium and L. subperlatum) and one (L. ericaeum) newly discovered in Korea. Lycoperdon albiperidium is closely related to L. ericaeum based on ITS, RPB2 and TEF1 sequence data, but these species were distinguishable by morphological characteristics, especially the shape of the basidiocarps, the diameter of the eucapillitial threads and the size of the basidospores. Lycoperdon subperlatum is quite similar to the European and American L. perlatum based on morphological characteristics. However, L. subperlatum is clearly distinct from European and American L. perlatum based on ITS, RPB2 and TEF1 sequence data, and somewhat differs from them in macro- and microscopic characteristics. Based on morphological characteristics, L. ericaeum is related to L. subumbrinum and L. lividum but it is distinguishable by the presence of fragile, eucapillitial threads, the diameters of the threads and ITS sequences. Here, we describe four Lycoperdon species collected in Korea.

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Is Ronnbergia (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae) a geographically disjunct genus? Evidence from morphology and chloroplast DNA sequence data

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.219.3.6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 219 (3) ◽

pp. 261 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Julian Aguirre-Santoro ◽

Julio Betancur ◽

Gregory K. Brown ◽

Timothy M. Evans ◽

Fabiano Salgueiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chloroplast Dna ◽

Dna Sequence ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Geographic Ranges ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Disjunct Genus

A phylogenetic study testing the monophyly of the geographically disjunct genus Ronnbergia (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae) is presented. The phylogenetic analyses were based on taxon sampling that included all but one species of Ronnbergia, and representative lineages across the subfamily Bromelioideae. Three chloroplast DNA sequence markers (matK, psbA-trnH, and trnL-trnF) and morphological data were used for the phylogenetic reconstruction. Both the molecular and morphological datasets supported the polyphyly of Ronnbergia, either independently or in combination. These findings suggest that the geographic disjunction of this genus is most likely a product of taxonomic misinterpretation. The results also indicate that the species currently circumscribed in Ronnbergia are closely related to species in the genus Aechmea with similar geographic ranges. The datasets do not have enough resolution power to reconstruct a deep phylogenetic history that involves all the species of Ronnbergia. Nevertheless, this study provides clues for future approaches that should focus on a larger species sampling and the use of multi-locus DNA sequence data.

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A new and endangered species of Iochroma (Solanaceae) from the cloud forests of central Peru and its phylogenetic position in Iochrominae

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.227.2.4 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 227 (2) ◽

pp. 147 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marco Antonio Cueva Manchego ◽

STACEY DEWITT SMITH ◽

SEGUNDO LEIVA GONZÁLES

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Endangered Species ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

Cloud Forests ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

A New Species ◽

Iucn Criteria

Iochroma amicorum M. Cueva, S. D. Sm. & S. Leiva (Solanaceae), a new species from cloud forests of Central Peru, is described and illustrated. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data suggest that Iochroma amicorum is closely related to I. nitidum, I. umbellatum, I. grandiflorum and I. tingoanum, which collectively form the “U” clade of Iochrominae. Certain morphological characteristics of calyx and corolla as well as the type of habitat appear to be common in species of this clade. Iochroma amicorum is easily distinguished from other members of the “U” clade by its campanulate or funnel-shaped corolla with short and slightly reflexed lobes, the presence of an expanded stapet at the point of filament insertion with short lateral extensions united to the corolla, and its globose usually white fruits with tinges of purple at the base. Distribution, phenology and are discussed together with the position of the new species in Iochrominae. Iochroma amicorum is assessed as Endangered according to IUCN criteria B1ab (i, iii)

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New host associations and a novel species for the gall-inducing acacia rust genus Ravenelia in South Africa

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.43.25090 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 1-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Malte Ebinghaus ◽

Wolfgang Maier ◽

Michael J. Wingfield ◽

Dominik Begerow

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Novel Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Principal Component ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Rust Fungi ◽

New Host ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic

Trees in the genusVachellia(previouslyAcacia) are commonly infected by the gall-inducing rustsRaveneliamacowanianaandR.evansii. Rust galls bearing aecial infections and relating uredinial and telial infections on the leaves of nineVachelliaspecies not previously recorded to be infected byRaveneliaspp. have recently been collected in South Africa. The rust fungi causing these infections were characterised using molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data of the LSU and ITS rDNA regions as well as morphological examinations. The host range ofR.macowanianaandR.evansiiwas thus re-assessed and extended from four to nine species and from one to three species, respectively. Application of Principal Component Analyses (PCA) of telial morphological characters provided evidence of an effect of the host species on the teliospore morphology inR.evansii, but only minor effects inR.macowaniana. A novel gall-inducingRaveneliasp. closely related toR.macowaniana, was found onVachelliaxanthophloeaand it is described here asR.xanthophloeae.

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Two novel species and two new records of Distoseptispora from freshwater habitats in China and Thailand

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.84.71905 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 79-101

Author(s):

Hong-Wei Shen ◽

Dan-Feng Bao ◽

Kevin D. Hyde ◽

Hong-Yan Su ◽

Darbhe J. Bhat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Records ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Novel Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Freshwater Fungi ◽

Freshwater Habitat ◽

Two New Species ◽

Freshwater Habitats ◽

Great Mekong Subregion

During investigations into freshwater fungi from the Great Mekong Subregion, four Distoseptispora taxa were collected from China and Thailand. Based on morphological characteristics, and phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, ITS, SSU, TEF1-α, and RPB2 sequence data, two new species Distoseptispora bangkokensis and D. lancangjiangensis are introduced, and two known species D. clematidis and D. thysanolaenae were first reported in freshwater habitat. Illustrations and descriptions of these taxa are provided, along with comparisons with extant taxa in the genus.

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Identification of endophytic fungi from leaves of Pandanaceae based on their morphotypes and DNA sequence data from southern Thailand

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.32.23670 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 25-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Saowaluck Tibpromma ◽

Kevin D. Hyde ◽

Jayarama D. Bhat ◽

Peter E. Mortimer ◽

Jianchu Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequence ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Universal Primers ◽

Specific Gene ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Southern Thailand

The authors established the taxonomic status of endophytic fungi associated with leaves of Pandanaceae collected from southern Thailand. Morphotypes were initially identified based on their characteristics in culture and species level identification was done based on both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data. Twenty-two isolates from healthy leaves were categorised into eight morphotypes. Appropriate universal primers were used to amplify specific gene regions and phylogenetic analyses were performed to identify these endophytes and established relationships with extant fungi. The authors identified both ascomycete and basidiomycete species, including one new genus, seven new species and nine known species. Morphological descriptions, colour plates and phylogenies are given for each taxon.

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A new planthopper species in the genus Omolicna (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae) from the Reserva Privada el Silencio de Los Angeles Cloud Forest in Costa Rica

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4975.2.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4975 (2) ◽

pp. 357-368

Author(s):

MARCO A. ZUMBADO ECHAVARRIA ◽

EDWIN A. BARRANTES BARRANTES ◽

CHARLES R. BARTLETT ◽

ERICKA E. HELMICK ◽

BRIAN W. BAHDER

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Costa Rica ◽

Los Angeles ◽

Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Novel Species ◽

Cloud Forest ◽

Light Trapping ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

The Novel

Recent survey work on palms in Costa Rica has resulted in the discovery of several new species of Derbidae, especially in the Cenchreini. During a recent expedition, specimens collected by light trapping at the Hotel Villa Blanca (cloud forest) were determined to be a novel species of Omolicna Fennah. Sequence data was generated for the novel taxon for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 18S loci. Pairwise analyses and phylogenetic analyses support placement of the novel taxon in Omolicna.

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Reappraisal of Immotthia in Dictyosporiaceae, Pleosporales: Introducing Immotthia bambusae sp. nov. and Pseudocyclothyriella clematidis comb. et gen. nov. Based on Morphology and Phylogeny

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.656235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Hong-Bo Jiang ◽

Rajesh Jeewon ◽

Samantha C. Karunarathna ◽

Chayanard Phukhamsakda ◽

Mingkwan Doilom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequence ◽

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Single Species ◽

Type Specimen ◽

Morphological Identification ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Dna Sequence Data

Immotthia is a poorly known genus, and currently, no DNA sequence data are available to ascertain its proper phylogenetic placement and evolutionary relationships with other bitunicate fungi. To date, there are only two species accepted in the genus. During our ongoing research study of bambusicolous fungi in southwest China and Thailand, a fungus associated with stromata of Hypoxylon sp. was found on dead bamboo culms in Loei Province, Thailand. Preliminary morphological identification revealed that the fungal collection belongs to Immotthia. A novel species, Immotthia bambusae, is introduced herein based on a comparison of morphological characteristics with the type specimen of I. hypoxylon (≡ Amphisphaeria hypoxylon Ellis and Everh.), a synonym of I. atrograna (Cooke and Ellis) M. E. Barr. Phylogenetic analyses of a concatenated ITS, LSU, SSU, and TEF1-α DNA sequence matrix showed that Immotthia belongs to Dictyosporiaceae, Pleosporales. Despite I. bambusae strains constituting a supported subclade, they are nested with the genus Pseudocoleophoma. Pseudocoleophoma clematidis is morphologically different from all other Pseudocoleophoma species, while its conidial characteristics are similar to Cyclothyriella. Multigene phylogenetic analyses showed that P. clematidis formed a clade basal to Immotthia, separated from Pseudocoleophoma with strong statistical support. Therefore, we introduce a monotypic genus, Pseudocyclothyriella Phukhams. and Phookamsak, gen. nov. to accommodate the single species, Pseudocyclothyriella clematidis (Phukhams. and K. D. Hyde) Phukhams. and Phookamsak, comb. nov. Detailed descriptions, color micrographs, and phylogenetic trees to show the placement of the new taxa are provided. In addition, an updated taxonomic treatment of the genera Immotthia and Pseudocyclothyriella is also provided based on the study of the type materials and phylogeny generated from DNA sequence data.

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Song and Molecular Data Identify Congruent but Novel Affinities of the Green Oropendola (Psarocolius Viridis)

The Auk ◽

10.1093/auk/121.1.224 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 121 (1) ◽

pp. 224-229

Author(s):

J. Jordan Price ◽

Scott M. Lanyon

Keyword(s):

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

Data Sets ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Vocal Evolution ◽

Avian Song

Abstract The accuracy with which avian song features indicate phylogenetic relationships has rarely been investigated. In a previous study of vocal evolution in oropendolas (Price and Lanyon 2002a), we estimated the phylogenetic position of the Green Oropendola (Psarocolius viridis) using characters derived from oropendolas' elaborate courtship songs. Here, we test that estimate using mitochondrial DNA sequence data. The position of the Green Oropendola determined from molecular data is remarkably close to that based solely on song characters; both data sets support a close relationship between P. viridis and members of the genus Gymnostinops. Numerous morphological differences yet low genetic divergence among the species in question suggest that rapid diversification has occurred in the group. The fact that this position has not been proposed previously for P. viridis underscores the effectiveness of song characters for phylogenetic reconstruction.

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Morpho-phylogenetic evidence reveals Lasiodiplodia chiangraiensis sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriaceae) associated with woody hosts in northern Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.508.2.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 508 (2) ◽

Author(s):

NA WU ◽

ASHA J. DISSANAYAKE ◽

K.W. THILINI CHETHANA ◽

KEVIN D. HYDE ◽

JIAN-KUI LIU

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Tree ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Novel Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Northern Thailand ◽

Data Support ◽

Distinct Lineage

Lasiodiplodia species are commonly as endophytes, saprobes and pathogens in tropics and subtropics. During an investigation of Botryosphaeriaceae in Thailand, two Lasiodiplodia taxa were isolated. Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses based on combined ITS, tef and tub2 sequence data support the establishment of a novel species, Lasiodiplodia chiangraiensis, isolated from woody hosts. Lasiodiplodia chiangraiensis is phylogenetically close to L. iraniensis and L. thailandica, but represents a distinct lineage. The new species could be distinguished from extant Lasiodiplodia species by its mature conidial dimensions. A detailed description and illustration are provided, as well as an updated phylogenetic tree (ITS, tef and tub2) including all species (with available molecular data) of Lasiodiplodia. In addition, the accepted genera in Botryosphaeriaceae based on recent studies are given.

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