Microscopic behavioural analysis of cyclist and pedestrian interactions in shared spaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rushdi Alsaleh ◽  
Mohamed Hussein ◽  
Tarek Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Shared Spaces ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Behavioural Analysis ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
Space Environments ◽  
Pedestrian Modeling ◽  
Cycling Speed

This study investigates the microscopic interaction behaviour between cyclists and pedestrians in shared space environments. Video data was collected at the Robson Square shared space in downtown Vancouver, British Columbia. Trajectories of cyclists and pedestrians involved in 208 interactions (416 trajectories) were extracted using computer vision algorithms. The extracted trajectories were used to define different indicators for the analysis. The indicators included the speed and acceleration profiles and the longitudinal and lateral distances between road users during different phases of the interactions. The study also investigated the collision avoidance mechanisms employed by road users to avoid collisions with other shared space users. The collision avoidance mechanisms included changing the walking–cycling speed and changing the movement direction. The results showed that the collision avoidance mechanisms depend on the shared space density and the space available for road users. The study identified a set of parameters that can be used to calibrate microscopic cyclist–pedestrian modeling platforms to represent the behaviour of pedestrians and cyclists in shared space environments.

scholarly journals Road users’ behavior and safety analysis of pedestrian–bike shared space: case study of Robson Street in Vancouver

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1053-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Essa ◽  
Mohamed Hussein ◽  
Tarek Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Video Analysis ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
Space Case ◽  
Automated Video Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the behavior and safety of road users at the pedestrian–bike shared space of Robson Street in Vancouver. The analysis was conducted using video data, collected during the summer of 2016. Automated video analysis techniques were used to detect different road users and extract their trajectories from video scenes. The extracted trajectories were used to evaluate the speed distributions of different categories of road users, and analyze the interactions (conflicts) between pedestrians and bikes to assess their safety. As well, the paper investigates the effect of introducing a bike dismount sign at both ends of the shared space on both the percentage of cyclists’ compliance with the sign and the frequency of pedestrian–bike interactions. Finally, the relationship between the speed of both pedestrians and bikes and the density of the shared space was investigated to develop speed–density relationships in this shared space environment.

scholarly journals Shared Spaces in Cities of Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Shared Spaces ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Shared Space

The aim of paper is a presentation an idea of shared space in the cities and results of implementation of this solution in the cities of Poland. The methodology of elaboration consisted of carrying out a review of the literature, comparing existing solutions and formulating conclusions regarding implementation. This trend, which has appeared over the past 50 years as a counterbalance to the pedestrianization of public spaces, is at the beginning of the 21st century experiencing its second youth and is being implemented in many areas in intensive urban development, especially in urban centers and areas of historic character. Shared space solutions are an integral way of shaping functions and forms of revitalized public spaces. These solutions contributes to improving the quality of public space and traffic safety, revitalizing social life, improving and reducing the environmental nuisance caused by traffic and finally created liveable city. Analyzes effectuated indicate, that in central areas of cities in Poland whose spatial arrangement is legally protected, the forms of shared spaces solutions are strongly influenced by strong conservation restrictions in these areas. This means the need  to respect existing historical conditions in shaping public spaces, as well as limited transformation possibilities. The Polish solutions of shared spaces presented in this paper of in their forms and quality do not differ from the standard functional solutions abroad. Solutions implemented in the Polish conditions, however, are more modest in terms of materials and implemented in a smaller number than is the case in Western European countries. Keywords: Shared spaces, Traffic calming, Cities of Poland, Creation of public space

scholarly journals Vehicle and Pedestrian Level of Service in Street Designs with Elements of Shared Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (9) ◽  
pp. 1084-1096
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kaparias ◽  
Rui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Video Data ◽  
Road User ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Vehicle Traffic ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Traffic Volumes

Inspired by developments in urban planning, the concept of “shared space” has recently emerged as a way of creating a better public realm. This is achieved through a range of streetscape treatments aimed at asserting the function of streets as places by facilitating pedestrian movement and lowering vehicle traffic volumes and speeds. The characteristics of streets with elements of shared space point to the conjecture that traffic conditions and road user perceptions may be different to those on streets designed according to more conventional principles, and this is likely to have an impact on the quality of service. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to perform an analysis in relation to level of service (LOS) and to investigate how this may change as a result of the implementation of street layouts with elements of shared space. Using video data from the Exhibition Road site in London during periods before and after its conversion from a conventional dual carriageway to a layout featuring several elements of shared space, changes in relation to LOS for both vehicle traffic and pedestrians are investigated, by applying the corresponding methods from the 2010 Highway Capacity Manual. The results suggest that streets with elements of shared space provide a much improved pedestrian experience, as expressed by higher LOS ratings, but without compromising the quality of vehicle traffic flow, which, in fact, also sees slight improvements.

scholarly journals Long-range Collision Avoidance for Shared Space Simulation based on Social Forces

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 318-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bani Anvari ◽  
Michael G.H. Bell ◽  
Panagiotis Angeloudis ◽  
Washington Y. Ochieng
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
Simulation Based

scholarly journals Sociogenetic Architecture: Fostering Connection in Urban Dwelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ball
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Family Life ◽  
High Density ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Shared Spaces ◽  
Shared Space

Modern global metropolises like Toronto are constructing high-density condominium towers to accommodate rampant population growth and to combat the economic, environmental, and social complications associated with sprawl. However, the rapid adoption of the point-tower condominium as a solution to this densification has led to progressively smaller dwelling units poorly suited to family life, and a dwindling supply of shared spaces to provide recreation and respite. Point towers are not conducive to a sense of community between residents, or supportive of the spontaneous social interaction particularly important for children and youth. This thesis investigates design strategies that promote high-density urban living for families and communities. A terraced courtyard typology provides overlook and a gradient of privacy to residents. Transitional recreational spaces provide the amenity, sense of place, community, and therapeutic social benefits of open shared space. The sight and sound of others in these communal spaces encourages social interaction.

Perceived Availability of Office Shared Spaces and Workplace Sitting: Moderation by Organizational Norms and Behavioral Autonomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 856-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takemi Sugiyama ◽  
Nyssa T. Hadgraft ◽  
Genevieve N. Healy ◽  
Neville Owen ◽  
David W. Dunstan
Keyword(s):  
Sitting Time ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shared Spaces ◽  
Perceived Availability ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
Behavioral Autonomy ◽  
Organizational Norms ◽  
Collaborative Working ◽  
Informal Discussion

A large amount of time spent sitting is a newly identified health risk. Although desk-based workers spend much of their time at work sitting, little is known about how office spaces may be related to workplace sitting time. This study examined cross-sectional associations of the perceived availability of office shared spaces with workers’ sitting time, and the potential role of workplace normative-social factors in the relationship. Participants ( N = 221) wore an activity monitor (activPAL3) and reported availability of shared spaces (for formal meetings, informal discussion, collaborative working), organizational norms, and workplace behavioral autonomy. No shared-space variables were associated with workplace sitting time. However, the perceived availability of sufficient informal discussion space was associated with lower levels of sitting among those who reported more-supportive organizational norms and greater behavioral autonomy. These findings highlight environmental, organizational, and psychosocial factors that will be important to address in future initiatives to reduce work place sitting time.

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