GrowChinook: an optimized multimodel and graphic user interface for predicting juvenile Chinook salmon growth in lentic ecosystems

Linked foraging and bioenergetics models allow for increased understanding of fish growth potential and behavior by incorporating prey availability coupled to environmental conditions including temperature and prey visibility. To inform our understanding of growth and vertical migration patterns of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) inhabiting lentic ecosystems, we linked foraging and bioenergetics models to create GrowChinook ( http://growchinook.fw.oregonstate.edu/ ). This multimodel design and optimization routine has broad applications in examining growth potential and predicting habitat use in stratified environments. We demonstrate the use of GrowChinook for the spring–summer rearing period in three Willamette River basin reservoirs, Oregon, USA. These reservoirs support juvenile spring Chinook salmon that exhibit a novel reservoir-reared life history that includes larger juvenile fish compared with nearby stream-reared subyearlings. Model outputs of predicted growth and depth use patterns based on observed prey distributions and environmental conditions were corroborated by observed empirical size and growth data from other years. Our simulations support diel vertical migration as a tactic that increases growth potential and contribute to understanding juvenile Chinook salmon growth in stratified systems.

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Foraging and Growth Potential of Juvenile Chinook Salmon after Tidal Restoration of a Large River Delta

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society ◽

10.1080/00028487.2014.945663 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 143 (6) ◽

pp. 1515-1529 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Aaron T. David ◽

Christopher S. Ellings ◽

Isa Woo ◽

Charles A. Simenstad ◽

John Y. Takekawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinook Salmon ◽

Large River ◽

River Delta ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽

Juvenile Chinook ◽

Large River Delta

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Re-Estimating Temperature-Dependent Consumption Parameters in Bioenergetics Models for Juvenile Chinook Salmon

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society ◽

10.1080/00028487.2014.986336 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 144 (2) ◽

pp. 323-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

John M. Plumb ◽

Christine M. Moffitt

Keyword(s):

Chinook Salmon ◽

Temperature Dependent ◽

Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽

Juvenile Chinook ◽

Bioenergetics Models

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Comparative resistance of Oregon (Big Creek) and British Columbia (Capilano) juvenile chinook salmon to the myxozoan pathogen, Ceratomyxa shasta, after laboratory exposure to Fraser River water

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z84-203 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 62 (7) ◽

pp. 1423-1424 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hilda Lei Ching

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

River Water ◽

High Resistance ◽

Chinook Salmon ◽

Juvenile Fish ◽

Fraser River ◽

Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽

Juvenile Chinook ◽

Infectious Stage ◽

Laboratory Exposure

In a laboratory experiment conducted in the fall 1983, Oregon (Big Creek) and British Columbia (Capilano) hatchery Chinook salmon were exposed to Fraser River water containing the infectious stage of the myxozoan pathogen, Ceratomyxa shasta. The juvenile fish were exposed for 10 days in 370 L of water (74 L replaced every other day for 5 days). While only 1 of 21 Big Creek fish became infected, all 20 of the Capilano fish died of C. shasta within 40 days. The Big Creek fish demonstrated high resistance to the parasite while the Capilano fish had low resistance. These results were similar to those from field exposures in previous studies.

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Environmental conditions impacting juvenile Chinook salmon growth off central California: An ecosystem model analysis

Geophysical Research Letters ◽

10.1002/2015gl063046 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (8) ◽

pp. 2910-2917 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

J. Fiechter ◽

D. D. Huff ◽

B. T. Martin ◽

D. W. Jackson ◽

C. A. Edwards ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinook Salmon ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Ecosystem Model ◽

Model Analysis ◽

Central California ◽

Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽

Juvenile Chinook

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The effects of hatchery domestication on competitive dominance of juvenile spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f07-058 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 803-812 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Todd N Pearsons ◽

Anthony L Fritts ◽

Jennifer L Scott

Keyword(s):

Chinook Salmon ◽

Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Juvenile Fish ◽

Agonistic Interactions ◽

Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽

Domestication Selection ◽

Dominant Fish ◽

Different Types ◽

Juvenile Chinook

We tested the null hypotheses that competitive dominance among juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in contest and scramble experiments would not be affected by domestication selection after one generation of state-of-the-art hatchery culture. Dyadic challenges of size-matched juvenile fish were conducted after a 6-day acclimation in 113.4 L aquaria. Differences in dominance and frequency of different types of agonistic interactions used were not significantly different in contest (n = 505) or scramble (n = 363) competition experiments (P > 0.05). However, wild origin fish were more aggressive than hatchery origin fish in both types of experiments (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, wild origin fish gained more weight than hatchery origin fish during contest experiments, and hatchery origin fish lost less weight than wild origin fish in scramble experiments (P ≤ 0.05). Dominant fish, regardless of origin, grew more than subordinate fish in both contest and scramble experiments (P ≤ 0.05). Our results indicate that aggression, and growth mediated by competition, can be affected by domestication after only one generation of state-of-the-art hatchery culture; however, impacts to competitive dominance appear to be small.

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Floodplain rearing of juvenile chinook salmon: evidence of enhanced growth and survival

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f00-245 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 325-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 169

Author(s):

T R Sommer ◽

M L Nobriga ◽

W C Harrell ◽

W Batham ◽

W J Kimmerer

Keyword(s):

Growth Rates ◽

Chinook Salmon ◽

Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽

Prey Availability ◽

Flood Pulse ◽

River Channels ◽

Flood Pulse Concept ◽

Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽

Feeding Success ◽

Juvenile Chinook

In this study, we provide evidence that the Yolo Bypass, the primary floodplain of the lower Sacramento River (California, U.S.A.), provides better rearing and migration habitat for juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) than adjacent river channels. During 1998 and 1999, salmon increased in size substantially faster in the seasonally inundated agricultural floodplain than in the river, suggesting better growth rates. Similarly, coded-wire-tagged juveniles released in the floodplain were significantly larger at recapture and had higher apparent growth rates than those concurrently released in the river. Improved growth rates in the floodplain were in part a result of significantly higher prey consumption, reflecting greater availability of drift invertebrates. Bioenergetic modeling suggested that feeding success was greater in the floodplain than in the river, despite increased metabolic costs of rearing in the significantly warmer floodplain. Survival indices for coded-wire-tagged groups were somewhat higher for those released in the floodplain than for those released in the river, but the differences were not statistically significant. Growth, survival, feeding success, and prey availability were higher in 1998 than in 1999, a year in which flow was more moderate, indicating that hydrology affects the quality of floodplain rearing habitat. These findings support the predictions of the flood pulse concept and provide new insight into the importance of the floodplain for salmon.

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Fine-scale taxonomic and temporal variability in the energy density of invertebrate prey of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps13513 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 655 ◽

pp. 185-198

Author(s):

J Weil ◽

WDP Duguid ◽

F Juanes

Keyword(s):

Energy Density ◽

Chinook Salmon ◽

Temporal Variability ◽

Energy Content ◽

Single Point ◽

Single Species ◽

Fine Scale ◽

Temporal Differences ◽

Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽

Juvenile Chinook

Variation in the energy content of prey can drive the diet choice, growth and ultimate survival of consumers. In Pacific salmon species, obtaining sufficient energy for rapid growth during early marine residence is hypothesized to reduce the risk of size-selective mortality. In order to determine the energetic benefit of feeding choices for individuals, accurate estimates of energy density (ED) across prey groups are required. Frequently, a single species is assumed to be representative of a larger taxonomic group or related species. Further, single-point estimates are often assumed to be representative of a group across seasons, despite temporal variability. To test the validity of these practices, we sampled zooplankton prey of juvenile Chinook salmon to investigate fine-scale taxonomic and temporal differences in ED. Using a recently developed model to estimate the ED of organisms using percent ash-free dry weight, we compared energy content of several groups that are typically grouped together in growth studies. Decapod megalopae were more energy rich than zoeae and showed family-level variability in ED. Amphipods showed significant species-level variability in ED. Temporal differences were observed, but patterns were not consistent among groups. Bioenergetic model simulations showed that growth rate of juvenile Chinook salmon was almost identical when prey ED values were calculated on a fine scale or on a taxon-averaged coarse scale. However, single-species representative calculations of prey ED yielded highly variable output in growth depending on the representative species used. These results suggest that the latter approach may yield significantly biased results.

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